Inadvertent insertion of nephrostomy tube into the renal vein following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A case report and literature review

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)is an effective and well accepted procedure for the treatment of large and complex renal calculi.We encountered a patient with a mis-placed percutaneous nephrostomy drainage tube(PNDT)into the contralateral renal vein re-sulting thrombus formation after undergoing right side PCNL.We placed a temporary filter to prevent embolism and started anti-coagulation therapy immediately and finally the PNDT was removed without bleeding.

Review:Progress in SQUID⁃Based Geophysical Precision Measurement Technology

Superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID),with the advantages of ultra⁃high sensitivity,low noise,broad frequency bandwidth,and excellent low⁃frequency response,is widely used in several geophysical methods,such as vector magnetic survey,electromagnetic method,gravity and gravity gradient measurement.In this paper,the latest technological progress of SQUID and SQUID⁃based geophysical precision measurement technology are described.In addition,the advantages,characteristics,and existing problems of each measurement technology are analyzed.Combined with the requirements of current geophysical technology,the future application prospect is discussed and development suggestions are given.

Numerical Study on the Leakage and Diffusion Characteristics of Low-Solubility and Low-Volatile Dangerous Chemicals from Ship in Inland Rivers

Considering the accidents of ships for dangerous chemicals transportation in inland rivers,a numerical method for the simulation of the leakage and diffusion processes of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers is proposed in this paper.Geographic information,such as rivers and buildings in the model,is obtained through Google Earth and structures of rivers and buildings are described by Auto CAD.In addition,the Fluent is adopted to simulate the leakage and diffusion processes of the dangerous chemicals where the standard k-εmodel is used to calculate the turbulent flow.Considering the interaction between chemicals and water,the VOF method is used to describe the leakage,drift and diffusion process of dangerous chemicals groups on the water surface.Taking a section of the Yangtze River as an example,the leakage and diffusion processes from a ship carrying 3,000 tons of low-solubility and low-volatile dangerous chemicals are studied,and the characteristics of leakage and diffusion are analyzed in detail.During the simulation,the area of the maximum group of leaked dangerous chemicals reaches up to about 1800 m2,and the number reaches up to 45.Furthermore,the influence of density,viscosity,water velocity and leakage velocity on the leakage and diffusion processes is investigated in this paper.

Recent Advances in Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene-Polymer Nanocomposites

Graphene has attracted considerable interest over recent years due to its intrinsic mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Incorporation of small quantity of graphene fillers into polymer can create novel nanocomposites with im- proved structural and functional properties. This review introduced the recent progress in fabrication, properties and potential applications of graphene-polymer composites. Recent research clearly confirmed that graphene-polymer na-nocomposites are promising materials with applications ranging from transportation, biomedical systems, sensors, elec-trodes for solar cells and electromagnetic interference. In addition to graphene-polymer nanocomposites, this article also introduced the synergistic effects of hybrid graphene-carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the properties of composites. Finally, some technical problems associated with the development of these nanocomposites are discussed.

The preparation and performance analysis of zirconium-modified aluminum phosphate-based high-temperature(RT-1500℃)resistant adhesive for joining alumina in extreme environment

High-temperature-resistant adhesives are critical materials in the aerospace field.The zirconium-modified aluminum phosphate-based adhesives developed in this work had the advantage of adjustable thermal expansibility,achieving a high matching of coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)with alumina.The introduction of zirconium can significantly improve the thermal stability of the adhesive matrix,and the Zr/Al ratio substantially affects the various reaction processes inside the adhesive,especially the types of zirconium-containing compounds.Most of the zirconium-containing compounds in the A7Z3 adhesive were ZrO_(2) only when the mass ratio of zirconium hydroxide to aluminum hydroxide was 3:7,which was the key reason why it had the highest CTE.The room-temperature bonding strength of A7Z3 after heat treatment at 1500℃reached 67.2 MPa.After pretreatment at 1500℃,the high-temperature bonding strength of A7Z3 was greater than 50 MPa in the range of(room temperature)RT-1000℃.After 40 thermal cycles between RT and 1500℃,the bonding strength still reached 10 MPa.Physical bonding occurred at temperatures below 1000℃,while chemical bonding dominated above 1000℃based on the generation of Al5BO9 and mullite at the interfaces.

Recent advances in nacre-inspired anisotropic thermally conductive polymeric nanocomposites

The rapid development of miniaturized,highly integrated,and multifunctional modern electronic devices has generated a growing demand for anisotropic heat dissipation in polymer nanocomposites for thermal management applications.These anisotropic thermally conductive multifunctional polymer nanocomposites use bio-inspired structural design based on natural nacre,which is the gold standard for biomimetics.However,to date,a comprehensive review and critique on the highly-anisotropic thermal conduction of nacre-mimetic nanocomposites is nonexistent.As such,this extensive review of the nacre-inspired highly anisotropic thermal management nanocomposites summarizes the current design strategies,and explains the thermal conduction mechanisms,and factors affecting anisotropic thermal conductivity.Furthermore,the practical applications of the asprepared nacre-inspired highly anisotropic nanocomposites are highlighted.Finally,the key challenges and potential solution strategies associated with these nacre-inspired highly anisotropic nanocomposites are discussed and outlooks for future research opportunities are also proposed.

Surface functionalization on the thermal conductivity of graphene-polymer nanocomposites

Exploring thermal transport in graphene-polymer nanocomposite is significant to its applications with better thermal properties.Interfacial thermal conductance between graphene and polymer matrix plays a critical role in the improvement of thermal conductivity of graphene-polymer nanocomposite.Unfortunately,it is still challenging to understand the interfacial thermal transport between graphene nanofiller and polymer matrix at small material length scale.To this end,using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics(NEMD)simulations,we investigate the interfacial thermal conductance of graphene-polyethylene(PE)nanocomposite.The influence of functionalization with hydrocarbon chains on the interfacial thermal conductance of graphene-polymer nanocomposites was studied,taking into account the effects of model size and thermal conductivity of graphene.An analytical model is also used to calculate the thermal conductivity of nanocomposite.The results are considered to contribute to the development of new graphene-polymer nanocomposites with tailored thermal properties.

Interfacial synthesis of crystalline quasi-two-dimensional polyaniline thin films for high-performance flexible on-chip micro-supercapacitors

Quasi-two-dimensional(q2 D)conducting polymer thin film synergizes the advantageous features of longrange molecular ordering and high intrinsic conductivity,which are promising for flexible thin film-based micro-supercapacitors(MSCs).Herein,we present the high-performance flexible MSCs based on highly ordered quasi-two-dimensional polyaniline(q2 D-PANI)thin film using surfactant monolayer assisted interfacial synthesis(SMAIS).Owing to high electrical conductivity,rich redox chemistry,and thin-film morphology,the q2 D-PANI MSCs show high volumetric specific capacitance(ca.360 F/cm^(3))and energy density(17.9 m Wh/cm^(3)),which outperform the state-of-art PANI thin-film based MSCs and promise for future flexible electronics.

Tuning the electronic properties of hydrogen passivated C3N nanoribbons through van der Waals stacking

The two-dimensional(2D)C3 N has emerged as a material with promising applications in high performance device owing to its intrinsic bandgap and tunable electronic properties.Although there are several reports about the bandgap tuning of C3 N via stacking or forming nanoribbon,bandgap modulation of bilayer C3 N nanoribbons(C3NNRS)with various edge structures is still far from well understood.Here,based on extensive first-principles calculations,we demonstrated the effective bandgap engineering of C3 N by cutting it into hydrogen passivated C3 NNRS and stacking them into bilayer heterostructures.It was found that armchair(AC)C3 NNRS with three types of edge structures are all semiconductors,while only zigzag(ZZ)C3NNRS with edges composed of both C and N atoms(ZZCN/CN)are semiconductors.The bandgaps of all semiconducting C3 NNRS are larger than that of C3 N nanosheet.More interestingly,AC-C3 NNRS with CN/CN edges(AC-CN/CN)possess direct bandgap while ZZ-CN/CN have indirect bandgap.Compared with the monolayer C3 NNR,the bandgaps of bilayer C3NNRS can be greatly modulated via different stacking orders and edge structures,varying from 0.43 eV for ZZ-CN/CN with AB’-stacking to 0.04 eV for AC-CN/CN with AA-stacking.Particularly,transition from direct to indirect bandgap was observed in the bilayer AC-CN/CN heterostructure with AA^stacking,and the indirect-to-direct transition was found in the bilayer ZZ-CN/CN with ABstacking.This work provides insights into the effective bandgap engineering of C3 N and offers a new opportunity for its applications in nano-electronics and optoelectronic devices.