Corncobs could serve as a substrate for citric acid production using solid state fermentation technique. The culture optimization concerning substrate concentration, culture duration, pH, temperature and substrate hyd...Corncobs could serve as a substrate for citric acid production using solid state fermentation technique. The culture optimization concerning substrate concentration, culture duration, pH, temperature and substrate hydrolysis was carried out for maximum productivity of citric acid. Under the optimized conditions, 48.4 g of citric acid was produced from 1 kg dry corncobs. Biological evaluation was carried out for citric acid such as melanin synthesis inhibitory, anti-allergy, anti-bacterial, and hyaluronic acid production activities. The results showed that citric acid has potent melanin inhibitory activity, good inhibition for β-hexosaminidase release and potent stimulatory effect for the production of hyaluronic acid. These activities (melanin synthesis inhibitory, anti-allergy and hyaluronic acid productive activities) of citric acid have been reported for the first time.展开更多
This paper discussed the main parameters contributing to the measurement uncertainty of interferometric distance meter （IDM）. A simple and robust set-up is used to measure distance of about 12 cm with an expanded un...This paper discussed the main parameters contributing to the measurement uncertainty of interferometric distance meter （IDM）. A simple and robust set-up is used to measure distance of about 12 cm with an expanded uncertainty （ k = 2） of ±16.4 μm. The measurement uncertainty is found to be limited by the wavelength measurement accuracy. This set-up can be used to measure distances up to 56 m. It also enables easy determination of the point of equal path difference between the measuring and the reference arms. LabVIEW program is used for counting of the fringes and applying fast Fourier transfor- mation （FFT） to perform frequency selective filtration to the noise. Although the reported uncertainty does not represent the state-of-art uncertainty reached for similar distance, the measurement provides traceable measurement to the unit of length, the meter.展开更多
Ten compounds have been isolated from the unused parts of Ammi visinaga. The isolated compounds were identified as tetracosanoic acid (1), β-sitosterol (2), visnadine (3), khellin (4), β-sitosterol glucoside (5), no...Ten compounds have been isolated from the unused parts of Ammi visinaga. The isolated compounds were identified as tetracosanoic acid (1), β-sitosterol (2), visnadine (3), khellin (4), β-sitosterol glucoside (5), norkhellol (6), khellol (7), rhamnazin (8), cimifugin (9), and cis-khellactone-3’-β-glucopyranoside (10). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic data (NMR, UV, MS and IR spectra). This is the first report on the identification of tetracosanoic acid (1), norkhellol (6) and cimifugin (9) in the Ammi genus. The melanin biosynthesis inhibitory activities of khellin (4), khellol (7), visnadine (3), cimifugin (9), β-sitosterol (2) and β-sitosterol glucoside (5) were evaluated. Khellin (4) exhibited a potent melanin inhibitory effect compared to arbutin with less toxicity.展开更多
Aim:Epidermal growth factor(EGF)is a mitogen for hepatocyte grown in vitro,and its expression is up-regulated during liver regeneration.EGF also plays an important role in tumor initiation and progression.The goal of ...Aim:Epidermal growth factor(EGF)is a mitogen for hepatocyte grown in vitro,and its expression is up-regulated during liver regeneration.EGF also plays an important role in tumor initiation and progression.The goal of this study is to assess whether EGF is associated with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and also whether it is a predictive factor of shortened survival.Methods:Serum EGF levels were evaluated in a total of 151 subjects:51 patients with unresectable HCC,(21 of them were eligible for transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and serum EGF levels were measured before and 1 week after TACE),40 patients with chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis,40 patients with cirrhosis,and 20 healthy controls.Patient demographic and laboratory variables were evaluated as predictive factors of survival in a Cox regression multivariate analysis using SPSS software.Results:The mean serum level of EGF in patients with HCC was 784.49 pg/mL,which was significantly higher(P<0.05)than all other groups.Mean EGF level in cirrhotic patients was 144.69 pg/mL;in those with chronic hepatitis C without cirrhosis,it was 338.64 pg/mL;and in healthy controls,it was 297.15 pg/mL.In group Ia patients who underwent TACE,the mean serum level of EGF was 759.76±287.88 pg/mL before TACE,and 801.14±276.12 pg/mL 1 week after treatment(P=0.34).On multivariate Cox regression analysis only age(P=0.03)and higher serum EGF level(P=0.005),were inversely correlated with overall survival.Conclusion:EGF levels were found to be significantly higher in HCC patients and together with age were the only predictors of poor survival in these patients.There was an increase in EGF levels 1 week after TACE in response to hypoxia;however,this increase was not statistically significant.展开更多
文摘Corncobs could serve as a substrate for citric acid production using solid state fermentation technique. The culture optimization concerning substrate concentration, culture duration, pH, temperature and substrate hydrolysis was carried out for maximum productivity of citric acid. Under the optimized conditions, 48.4 g of citric acid was produced from 1 kg dry corncobs. Biological evaluation was carried out for citric acid such as melanin synthesis inhibitory, anti-allergy, anti-bacterial, and hyaluronic acid production activities. The results showed that citric acid has potent melanin inhibitory activity, good inhibition for β-hexosaminidase release and potent stimulatory effect for the production of hyaluronic acid. These activities (melanin synthesis inhibitory, anti-allergy and hyaluronic acid productive activities) of citric acid have been reported for the first time.
文摘This paper discussed the main parameters contributing to the measurement uncertainty of interferometric distance meter （IDM）. A simple and robust set-up is used to measure distance of about 12 cm with an expanded uncertainty （ k = 2） of ±16.4 μm. The measurement uncertainty is found to be limited by the wavelength measurement accuracy. This set-up can be used to measure distances up to 56 m. It also enables easy determination of the point of equal path difference between the measuring and the reference arms. LabVIEW program is used for counting of the fringes and applying fast Fourier transfor- mation （FFT） to perform frequency selective filtration to the noise. Although the reported uncertainty does not represent the state-of-art uncertainty reached for similar distance, the measurement provides traceable measurement to the unit of length, the meter.
文摘Ten compounds have been isolated from the unused parts of Ammi visinaga. The isolated compounds were identified as tetracosanoic acid (1), β-sitosterol (2), visnadine (3), khellin (4), β-sitosterol glucoside (5), norkhellol (6), khellol (7), rhamnazin (8), cimifugin (9), and cis-khellactone-3’-β-glucopyranoside (10). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic data (NMR, UV, MS and IR spectra). This is the first report on the identification of tetracosanoic acid (1), norkhellol (6) and cimifugin (9) in the Ammi genus. The melanin biosynthesis inhibitory activities of khellin (4), khellol (7), visnadine (3), cimifugin (9), β-sitosterol (2) and β-sitosterol glucoside (5) were evaluated. Khellin (4) exhibited a potent melanin inhibitory effect compared to arbutin with less toxicity.
文摘Aim:Epidermal growth factor(EGF)is a mitogen for hepatocyte grown in vitro,and its expression is up-regulated during liver regeneration.EGF also plays an important role in tumor initiation and progression.The goal of this study is to assess whether EGF is associated with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and also whether it is a predictive factor of shortened survival.Methods:Serum EGF levels were evaluated in a total of 151 subjects:51 patients with unresectable HCC,(21 of them were eligible for transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and serum EGF levels were measured before and 1 week after TACE),40 patients with chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis,40 patients with cirrhosis,and 20 healthy controls.Patient demographic and laboratory variables were evaluated as predictive factors of survival in a Cox regression multivariate analysis using SPSS software.Results:The mean serum level of EGF in patients with HCC was 784.49 pg/mL,which was significantly higher(P<0.05)than all other groups.Mean EGF level in cirrhotic patients was 144.69 pg/mL;in those with chronic hepatitis C without cirrhosis,it was 338.64 pg/mL;and in healthy controls,it was 297.15 pg/mL.In group Ia patients who underwent TACE,the mean serum level of EGF was 759.76±287.88 pg/mL before TACE,and 801.14±276.12 pg/mL 1 week after treatment(P=0.34).On multivariate Cox regression analysis only age(P=0.03)and higher serum EGF level(P=0.005),were inversely correlated with overall survival.Conclusion:EGF levels were found to be significantly higher in HCC patients and together with age were the only predictors of poor survival in these patients.There was an increase in EGF levels 1 week after TACE in response to hypoxia;however,this increase was not statistically significant.
