The extensive use of nanoparticles(NPs)in diverse applications causes their localization to aquatic habitats,affecting the metabolic products of primary producers in aquatic ecosystems,such as algae.Synthesized calciu...The extensive use of nanoparticles(NPs)in diverse applications causes their localization to aquatic habitats,affecting the metabolic products of primary producers in aquatic ecosystems,such as algae.Synthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles(CaO NPs)are of the scarcely studied NPs.Thus,the current work proposed that the exposure to CaO NPs may instigate metabolic pathway to be higher than that of normally growing algae,and positively stimulate algal biomass.In this respect,this research was undertaken to study the exposure effect of CaO NPs(0,20,40,60,80,and 100μg mL^(−1))on the growth,photosynthesis,respiration,oxidative stress,antioxidants,and lipid production of the microalga Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216-2.The results showed that the algal growth concomitant with chlorophyll content,photosynthesis,and calcium content increased in response to CaO NPs.The contents of biomolecules such as proteins,amino acids,and carbohydrates were also promoted by CaO NPs with variant degrees.Furthermore,lipid production was enhanced by the applied nanoparticles.CaO NPs induced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide,while lipid peroxidation was reduced,revealing no oxidative behavior of the applied nanoparticles on alga.Also,CaO NPs have a triggering effect on the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase,catalase,ascorbate peroxidase,and guaiacol peroxidase.The results recommended the importance of the level of 60μg mL^(−1) CaO NPs on lipid production(with increasing percentage of 65%compared to control)and the highest dry matter acquisition of C.chodatii.This study recommended the feasibility of an integrated treatment strategy of CaO NPs in augmenting biomass,metabolic up-regulations,and lipid accumulation in C.chodatii.展开更多
Moringa leaf extract(MLE)has been shown to promote beneficial outcomes in animals and plants.It is rich in amino acids,antioxidants,phytohormones,minerals,and many other bioactive compounds with nutritional and growth...Moringa leaf extract(MLE)has been shown to promote beneficial outcomes in animals and plants.It is rich in amino acids,antioxidants,phytohormones,minerals,and many other bioactive compounds with nutritional and growth-promoting potential.Recent reports indicated that MLE improved abiotic stress tolerance in plants.Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying MLE-mediated abiotic stress tolerance remains limited.This review summarizes the existing literature on the role of MLE in promoting plant abiotic stress acclimation processes.MLE is applied to plants in a variety of ways,including foliar spray,rooting media,and seed priming.Exogenous application of MLE promoted crop plant growth,photosynthesis,and yield under both nonstress and abiotic stress conditions.MLE treatment reduced the severity of osmotic and oxidative stress in plants by regulating osmolyte accumulation,antioxidant synthesis,and secondary metabolites.MLE also improves mineral homeostasis in the presence of abiotic stress.Overall,this review describes the potential mechanisms underpinning MLEmediated stress tolerance.展开更多
文摘The extensive use of nanoparticles(NPs)in diverse applications causes their localization to aquatic habitats,affecting the metabolic products of primary producers in aquatic ecosystems,such as algae.Synthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles(CaO NPs)are of the scarcely studied NPs.Thus,the current work proposed that the exposure to CaO NPs may instigate metabolic pathway to be higher than that of normally growing algae,and positively stimulate algal biomass.In this respect,this research was undertaken to study the exposure effect of CaO NPs(0,20,40,60,80,and 100μg mL^(−1))on the growth,photosynthesis,respiration,oxidative stress,antioxidants,and lipid production of the microalga Coccomyxa chodatii SAG 216-2.The results showed that the algal growth concomitant with chlorophyll content,photosynthesis,and calcium content increased in response to CaO NPs.The contents of biomolecules such as proteins,amino acids,and carbohydrates were also promoted by CaO NPs with variant degrees.Furthermore,lipid production was enhanced by the applied nanoparticles.CaO NPs induced the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide,while lipid peroxidation was reduced,revealing no oxidative behavior of the applied nanoparticles on alga.Also,CaO NPs have a triggering effect on the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase,catalase,ascorbate peroxidase,and guaiacol peroxidase.The results recommended the importance of the level of 60μg mL^(−1) CaO NPs on lipid production(with increasing percentage of 65%compared to control)and the highest dry matter acquisition of C.chodatii.This study recommended the feasibility of an integrated treatment strategy of CaO NPs in augmenting biomass,metabolic up-regulations,and lipid accumulation in C.chodatii.
文摘Moringa leaf extract(MLE)has been shown to promote beneficial outcomes in animals and plants.It is rich in amino acids,antioxidants,phytohormones,minerals,and many other bioactive compounds with nutritional and growth-promoting potential.Recent reports indicated that MLE improved abiotic stress tolerance in plants.Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying MLE-mediated abiotic stress tolerance remains limited.This review summarizes the existing literature on the role of MLE in promoting plant abiotic stress acclimation processes.MLE is applied to plants in a variety of ways,including foliar spray,rooting media,and seed priming.Exogenous application of MLE promoted crop plant growth,photosynthesis,and yield under both nonstress and abiotic stress conditions.MLE treatment reduced the severity of osmotic and oxidative stress in plants by regulating osmolyte accumulation,antioxidant synthesis,and secondary metabolites.MLE also improves mineral homeostasis in the presence of abiotic stress.Overall,this review describes the potential mechanisms underpinning MLEmediated stress tolerance.
