Diphylleia Grayi-Inspired Intelligent Temperature-Responsive Transparent Nanofiber Membranes

Nanofiber membranes(NFMs) have become attractive candidates for next-generation flexible transparent materials due to their exceptional flexibility and breathability. However, improving the transmittance of NFMs is a great challenge due to the enormous reflection and incredibly poor transmission generated by the nanofiber-air interface. In this research, we report a general strategy for the preparation of flexible temperature-responsive transparent(TRT) membranes,which achieves a rapid transformation of NFMs from opaque to highly transparent under a narrow temperature window. In this process, the phase change material eicosane is coated on the surface of the polyurethane nanofibers by electrospray technology. When the temperature rises to 37 ℃, eicosane rapidly completes the phase transition and establishes the light transmission path between the nanofibers, preventing light loss from reflection at the nanofiber-air interface. The resulting TRT membrane exhibits high transmittance(> 90%), and fast response(5 s). This study achieves the first TRT transition of NFMs, offering a general strategy for building highly transparent nanofiber materials, shaping the future of next-generation intelligent temperature monitoring, anti-counterfeiting measures, and other high-performance devices.

Coupling and Long-term Change Characteristics of Forest Carbon Sink and Forestry Economic Development in China

[Objectives]To analyze the changes in of forest carbon sink and forestry economic development,provide reference for relevant management decisions,ecological governance and resource and environment management,and promote the development of green low-carbon economy in China.[Methods]Based on the data of six forest resource inventories from 1989 to 2018 and related studies,the comprehensive evaluation model of forest carbon sink and forestry economic development,the coupling degree model of forest carbon sink and forestry economic development,and the coupling coordination degree model of forest carbon sink and forestry economic development were adopted.The coupling degree of forest carbon sink and forestry economic development from 1992 to 2018 was analyzed.Stepwise regression and ARIMA model were used to analyze the influencing factors and lagging characteristics of forest carbon sink.The coupling degree between forest carbon sink and forestry economic development in China from 2019 to 2030 was predicted by autoregression and ADF test.The coupling between forest carbon sink and forestry economic development in China and its long-term change characteristics were also discussed in this study.[Results](i)The investment of ecological construction and protection,the actual investment of forestry key ecological projects,GDP and the import of forest products had a significant impact on forest resources carbon stock.The total output value of forestry industry,the actually completed investment of forestry key ecological projects and the export volume of forest products had a significant impact on the forest carbon sink,and the actually completed investment of forestry key ecological projects has the greatest impact on the two.(ii)The impact of actually completed investment of forestry key ecological projects had a lag of 2 years on the forest resources carbon stock and a lag of 1 year on the forest carbon sink.When investing in forest carbon sink,it is necessary to make a good plan in advance,and do a good job in forest resources management and time optimization.(iii)From 1992 to 2018,the coupling degree of forest resources carbon stock,forest carbon sink and long-term development of forestry economy in China was gradually increasing.Although there were some fluctuations in the middle time,the coupling degree of forest resources carbon stock and the long-term development of forestry economy increased by 9.24%annually,and the degree of coupling coordination increased from"serious imbalance"in 1992 to"high-quality coordination"in 2018.From 1993 to 2018,the coupling degree of forest carbon sink and long-term development of forestry economy increased by 9.63%annually,slightly faster than the coupling coordination degree of forest resources carbon stock and long-term development of forestry economy.The coordination level also rose from level 2 in 1993 to level 10 in 2018.(iv)The prediction shows that the coupling coordination degree of forest resources carbon stock,forest carbon sink and the long-term development of forestry economy would increase from 2019 to 2030.The coupling coordination degree(D)values of both were close to 1,the coordination level was also 10 for a long time,and the degree of coupling coordination was also maintained at the"high-quality coordination"level for a long time.[Conclusions]Forest has multiple benefits of society,economy and ecology,and forest carbon sink is only a benefit output.The long-term coupling analysis of forest carbon sink and forestry economic development is a key point to multiple benefit analysis.The analysis shows that the spillover effect and co-evolution effect of forest carbon sink in China are significant.From 1992 to 2018,the coupling coordination degree of forest carbon sink and forestry economic development was gradually rising.The prediction analysis also indicate that the coupling coordination degree between the forest carbon sink and the long-term development of forestry economy will remain at the level of"high-quality coordination"for a long time from 2019 to 2030.Therefore,improving the level of forest management and maintaining the current trend of increasing forest resources are the key to achieving the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in China.

Boosting Electrochemical Urea Synthesis via Constructing Ordered Pd–Zn Active Pair

Electrochemical co-reduction of nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))has been widely regarded as a promising route to produce urea under ambient conditions,however the yield rate of urea has remained limited.Here,we report an atomically ordered intermetallic pallium-zinc(PdZn)electrocatalyst comprising a high density of PdZn pairs for boosting urea electrosynthesis.It is found that Pd and Zn are responsible for the adsorption and activation of NO_(3)^(-)and CO_(2),respectively,and thus the co-adsorption and co-activation NO_(3)^(-)and CO_(2) are achieved in ordered PdZn pairs.More importantly,the ordered and well-defined PdZn pairs provide a dual-site geometric structure conducive to the key C-N coupling with a low kinetical barrier,as demonstrated on both operando measurements and theoretical calculations.Consequently,the PdZn electrocatalyst displays excellent performance for the co-reduction to generate urea with a maximum urea Faradaic efficiency of 62.78%and a urea yield rate of 1274.42μg mg^(-1) h^(-1),and the latter is 1.5-fold larger than disordered pairs in PdZn alloys.This work paves new pathways to boost urea electrosynthesis via constructing ordered dual-metal pairs.

面部梅克尔细胞癌

患者女,67岁。主诉:左侧面颊红色结节1个月余。现病史:患者1个月前无明显诱因左侧面颊出现一黄豆大红色结节,无痛痒等不适,未予诊治,后结节渐增大,遂至我科门诊就诊。既往史及家族史:患者否认恶性肿瘤病史,家族中无类似疾病患者。体格检查:一般情况良好,系统检查未见异常,全身未触及淋巴结增大。

4种微生物与玫瑰痤疮发病的关系

玫瑰痤疮是一种好发于面中部,主要累及面部血管及毛囊皮脂腺单位的的慢性复发性炎症性皮肤病。近年来关于皮肤及肠道微生物对玫瑰痤疮的影响争议较多,本文综述了与玫瑰痤疮发病相关的四种微生物:毛囊蠕形螨(DF)、表皮葡萄球菌(SE)、幽门螺杆菌(HP)、小肠细菌,并从皮肤免疫反应、屏障功能的角度阐述及分析了皮肤、肠道微生物对玫瑰痤疮的影响及致病机制。

Constructing hierarchical arrays with core-shell metal oxides@metal coordination polymers for efficient and stable overall water splitting

Developing non-precious metal-based bifunctional electrocatalysts capable for both hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is essential to achieve efficient water electrolysis for mass hydrogen production,however it remains challenging.Here,we report the synthesis of hierarchical nanorod arrays comprising core-shell structured P-doped NiMoO4@NiFe-coordination polymer(denoted as P-NiMoO4@NiFeCP)as bifunctional electrocatalysts for water electrolysis.Furthermore,we systematically investigate the influence of NiFeCP shell thickness on electrocatalytic activity,manifesting the presence of strong interfacial synergetic effect between P-NiMoO4 and NiFeCP for boosting both the HER and OER.With advantageous hierarchical architectures and unique core-shell structures,optimized P-NiMoO_(4)@NiFeCP-7.3(7.3 is the shell thickness in nm)requires overpotentials of merely 256 and 297 mV to yield a current density of 1000 mA·cm^(−2)for the HER and OER in 1 M KOH,respectively.More importantly,it can serve as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for efficient and sustainable overall water electrolysis,delivering large current densities of 500 and 1000 mA·cm^(−2)at low cell voltages of 1.804 and 1.865 V,along with high stability of over 500 h at 1000 mA·cm−2,demonstrating the great potential of this electrocatalyst towards practical applications.

水曲柳和落叶松人工纯林与混交林的碳储量

为评价水曲柳(Fraxinus mandschurica)和落叶松(Larix olgensis)人工纯林与混交林的固碳能力,在黑龙江省尚志市帽儿山地区选择24年生的林分,测定水曲柳和落叶松纯林与混交林的碳储量。结果表明:水曲柳和落叶松混交林生态系统碳储量(246.15 t C/hm2)大于落叶松纯林(232.01 t C/hm2)和水曲柳纯林(211.86 t C/hm2),但差异均不显著(P> 0.05)。在三种人工林中,土壤层和乔木层碳储量分别占生态系统碳储量的71.6%~80.1%和17.3%~24.5%,为生态系统的主要碳库。混交林土壤层碳储量大于落叶松纯林和水曲柳纯林,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。混交林乔木层碳储量与落叶松纯林和水曲柳纯林相比均表现增加,且与水曲柳纯林差异显著(P <0.05)。混交林和落叶松纯林的凋落物层碳储量明显高于水曲柳纯林(P <0.05),而水曲柳纯林林下植被层的碳储量显著高于混交林和落叶松纯林(P <0.05)。结果表明,水曲柳和落叶松混交林与纯林相比能增加生态系统碳固定,适合于营造碳汇林。

Photocatalyst-free visible-light-mediated three-component reaction ofα-diazoesters, cyclic ethers and NaSCN to access organic thiocyanates

A facile and environmentally friendly visible-light-induced three-component reaction of α-diazoesters,cyclic ethers and Na SCN to construct organic thiocyanates has been developed at room temperature. This reaction could occur under photocatalyst-and additive-free conditions to afford a number of organic thiocyanates with moderate to good yield and favorable functional group tolerance.

皮肤镜在斑秃诊疗中的应用研究

皮肤镜作为一种新型无创的诊断工具,简单、方便、快速,在斑秃的诊断、鉴别诊断、病情评估、疗效评价中具有重要的价值,可避免组织病理检查的创伤性。相关资料显示不同分期、严重程度、治疗前后斑秃皮肤镜镜像各异,可以为临床分期及评价疗效提供可靠的依据。

复方参蓉汤加减治疗脾肾两虚型斑秃的临床疗效观察

目的 观察复方参蓉汤对脾肾两虚型斑秃的疗效及安全性,为健脾益肾法治疗脾肾两虚型斑秃提供临床依据。方法 将同期收治的66例脾肾两虚型斑秃患者61例随机分为两组,试验组31例、对照组30例。试验组口服复方参蓉汤,对照组口服健脾益肾颗粒;两组均外擦0.1%他克莫司软膏。疗程共12周,患者每周复诊1次,在治疗前及每4周末记录患者皮损积分,在治疗前及治疗结束时检测血清CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞的水平、皮肤镜下靶皮损改变并进行数据分析。结果 治疗后,试验组总有效率为90.32%;对照组为76.67%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组SALT评分、中医证候评分、终毛数密度、DLQI评分,较治疗前有显著差异(P <0.05),组间比较,试验组优于对照组。试验组不良反应发生率、复发率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 复方参蓉汤汤治疗脾肾两虚型斑秃疗效确切,较健脾益肾颗粒有明显优势。皮肤镜在毛发性疾病的诊断、鉴别、判定疗效方面显示了良好的应用前景。

Comparison of human nasal epithelial cells grown as explant outgrowth cultures or dissociated tissue cultures in vitro

The purpose of this study was to compare cell growth characteristics,ciliated cell differentiation,and function of human nasal epithelial cells established as explant outgrowth cultures or dissociated tissue cultures.Human nasal mucosa of the uncinate process was obtained by endoscopy and epithelial cell cultures were established by explant outgrowth or dissociated tissue culture methods.Epithelial cell growth characteristics were observed by inverted phase contrast microscopy.Ciliated cell differentiation was detected byβ-tubulin IV and ZO-1 immunocytochemistry.Basal and ATP-stimulated ciliary beat frequency(CBF)was measured using a high-speed digital microscopic imaging system.Both the explant and dissociated tissue cultures established as monolayers with tight junctions and differentiated cell composition,with both types of cultures comprising ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells.Fibroblasts were also frequently found in explant cultures but rarely seen in dissociated tissue cultures.In both culture systems,the highest ciliated cell density appeared at 7th–10th culture day and declined with time,with the lifespan of ciliated cells ranging from 14 to 21 days.Overall,10%of the cells in explant cultures and 20%of the cells in the dissociated tissue cultures were ciliated.These two cultures demonstrated similar ciliary beat frequency values at baseline(7.78±1.99 Hz and 7.91±2.52 Hz,respectively)and reacted equivalently following stimulation with 100μM ATP.The results of this study indicate that both the explant outgrowth and dissociated tissue culture techniques are suitable for growing well-differentiated nasal ciliated and non-ciliated cells,which have growth characteristics and ciliary activity similar to those of nasal epithelial cells in vivo.

芳基偶氮砜的芳基化及砜基化研究进展

芳基和砜基化合物在合成化学、药物化学、材料化学等领域具有广泛的应用价值.因此,其清洁、高效的构建方法备受人们的关注.芳基偶氮砜在光、电或热条件下可以发生C—N和S—N键均裂,产生芳基和砜基自由基,进而发生芳基化或砜基化反应选择性构建芳基或砜基化合物.归纳总结了近年来芳基偶氮砜参与的芳基化及砜基化反应最新研究进展,重点介绍了其合成方法及反应机理,并对该领域的未来发展进行了展望.

Recurrence Factors in Giant Cell Tumors of the Spine

Background： Giant cell tumors （GCTs） are benign, locally aggressive tumors. We exalnined the rate of local rectirrence of spinal GCTs and sought to identify recurrence factors in patients who underwent surgery. Methods： Between 1995 and 2014, 94 mobile spine GCT patients were treated at our hospital, comprising 43 male and 51 female patients with an average age of 33.4 years. Piecemeal intralesional spondylectomy and total en bloc spondylectomy （TES） were performed. Radiotherapy was suggested for recurrent or residual GCT cases. Since denosumab was not available before 2014 in our country, only interferon and/or zoledronic acid was suggested. Results： Of the 94 patients, four underwent conservative treatment and 90 underwent operations. Seventy-five patients （79.8%） were followed tip for a minimum of 24 months or until death. The median follow-up duration was 75.3 months. The overall recurrence rate was 37.3%. Ten patients （13.3%） died before the last follow-up （rnedian： 18.5 months）. Two patients （2.6%） developed osteogenic sarcoma. The local recurrence rate was 80.0% （24/30） in patients who underwent intralesional curettage, 8.8% （3/34） in patients who underwent extracapsular piecemeal spondylectomy,and 0 （0/9） in patients who underwent TES. The risk factors for local recurrence were lesions located in the cervical spine （P = 0.049）, intralesional curettage （P 〈 0.001 ）, repeated surgeries （P 0.014）, and malignancy （P 〈 0.001 ）. Malignant transformation was a significant risk factor for death （P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusions： Cervical spinal tumors, curettage, and nonintact tumors were risk l;actors for local recurrence. Intralesional curettage and malignancy were the most important significant factors for local rectirrence and death, respectively.

益肾固卫汤治疗慢性荨麻疹表虚证的疗效及对血清补体的影响

目的观察益肾固卫汤治疗慢性荨麻疹(CU)表虚证的疗效及安全性,并检测治疗前后血清补体(C)3、4水平变化,探讨益肾固卫汤对其免疫相关指标的影响及作用机制。方法将70例CU表虚证患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组35例和对照组35例。治疗组口服益肾固卫汤治疗,水煎服,每日服3次,每次150 mL;对照组口服枸地氯雷他定片和曲尼司特胶囊治疗。两组患者均以4周为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程,观察两组患者的疗效、复发情况、不良反应及其治疗前后血清C3、C4水平的变化。结果治疗组总有效率87.88%(29/33);对照组总有效率84.38%(27/32),两组疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.685,P>0.05)。治疗后治疗组表虚证评分较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且治疗组较对照组降低明显(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后血清C3水平较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),与对照组治疗后比较,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疗程结束后治疗组和对照组各有18、15例进行随访3个月,治疗组复发率为11.11%(2/18),显著低于对照组[53.33%(8/15)],两组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.052,P<0.05)。两组均未出现严重不良反应。结论益肾固卫汤能明显改善CU表虚证患者的临床症状、升高C3水平,复发率低,且无明显不良反应,其作用机制可能与调整机体的免疫功能有关。

Recent advances in the application of sulfinic acids for the construction of sulfur-containing compounds

Sulfur-containing organic compounds display wide applications in the field of materials science,synthetic chemistry,and pharmaceutical industry.Thus,numerous synthetic strategies have been developed for the synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds in synthetic chemistry.In recent years,the utilization of sulfinic acids as versatile synthons has emerged as attractive and powerful approach to access various organosulfur compounds through sulfonylation,sulfinylation or sulfenylation reactions.In this review,we summarized the recent progress in the construction of various sulfur-containing compounds from sulfininc acids.Selected examples of substrates and the related reaction mechanisms are described here.This review intends to provide readers a comprehensive understanding on the synthesis of sulfur-containing molecules from sulfinic acids and provide help for future synthetic research.