BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to enhance understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of atypical hereditary spherocytosis(HS),and to broaden the diagnostic thoughts of physicians for patients with jaund...BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to enhance understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of atypical hereditary spherocytosis(HS),and to broaden the diagnostic thoughts of physicians for patients with jaundice.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old male presented with jaundice,bile duct stone,and splenomegaly,but without anemia.Other causes of jaundice were excluded,and gene se-quencing revealed a novel heterozygous variant of c.1801C>T(p.Q601X)in exon 14 of the SPTB(NM_01355436)gene on chromosome 14(chr14:65260580)in the patient’s blood;the biological parents and child of the patient did not have similar variants.A splenectomy was performed on the patient and his bilirubin levels returned to normal after surgery.Thus,a novel gene variant causing HS was identified.This variant may result in the truncation ofβ-hemoglobin in the erythrocyte membrane,leading to loss of normal function,jaundice,and hemolytic anemia.The clinical manifestations of the patient were hyperjaundice and an absence of typical hemolysis during the course of the disease,which caused challenges for diagnosis by the clinicians.CONCLUSION Following a definitive diagnosis,genetic testing and response to treatment identified a gene variant site for a novel hemolytic anemia.展开更多
Background:In recent years,online trolling has garnered significant attention due to its detrimental effects on mental health and social well-being.The current study examined the influence of peer victimization on ado...Background:In recent years,online trolling has garnered significant attention due to its detrimental effects on mental health and social well-being.The current study examined the influence of peer victimization on adolescent online trolling behavior,proposing that hostile attribution bias mediated this relationship and that trait mindfulness moderated both the direct and indirect effects.Methods:A total of 833 Chinese adolescents completed the measurements of peer victimization,hostile attribution bias,trait mindfulness,and online trolling.Moderated mediation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between these variables.Results:After controlling for gender and residential address,the study found a significant positive correlation between peer victimization and online trolling,with hostile attribution bias serving as a mediator.In addition,trait mindfulness moderated the direct relationship between peer victimization and online trolling.Specifically,the effect of peer victimization on online trolling was attenuated when adolescents had high levels of trait mindfulness.The results of the study emphasized the joint role of peer and personal factors in adolescents’online trolling behavior and provide certain strategies for intervening in adolescents’online trolling behavior.Conclusion:The results of the study suggest that strategies focusing on peer support and mindfulness training can have a positive impact on reducing online trolling behavior,promoting adolescents’mental health,and their long-term development.展开更多
Total green leaf area(GLA)is an important trait for agronomic studies.However,existing methods for estimating the GLA of individual rice plants are destructive and labor-intensive.A nondestructive method for estimatin...Total green leaf area(GLA)is an important trait for agronomic studies.However,existing methods for estimating the GLA of individual rice plants are destructive and labor-intensive.A nondestructive method for estimating the total GLA of individual rice plants based on multi-angle color images is presented.Using projected areas of the plant in images,linear,quadratic,exponential and power regression models for estimating total GLA were evaluated.Tests demonstrated that the side-view projected area had a stronger relationship with the actual total leaf area than the top-projected area.And power models fit better than other models.In addition,the use of multiple side-view images was an efficient method for reducing the estimation error.The inclusion of the top-view projected area as a seoond predictor provided only a slight improvement of the total leaf area est imation.When the projected areas from multi angle images were used,the estimated leaf area(ELA)using the power model and the actual leaf area had a high correlation cofficient(R2>0.98),and the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)was about 6%.The method was capable of estimating the total leaf area in a nondestructive,accurate and eficient manner,and it may be used for monitoring rice plant growth.展开更多
Crop phenomics enables the collection of diverse plant traits for a large number of samples along different time scales,representing a greater data collection throughput compared with traditional measurements.Most mod...Crop phenomics enables the collection of diverse plant traits for a large number of samples along different time scales,representing a greater data collection throughput compared with traditional measurements.Most modern crop phenomics use different sensors to collect reflective,emitted,and fluorescence signals,etc.,from plant organs at different spatial and temporal resolutions.Such multi-modal,high-dimensional data not only accelerates basic research on crop physiology,genetics,and whole plant systems modeling,but also supports the optimization of field agronomic practices,internal environments of plant factories,and ultimately crop breeding.Major challenges and opportunities facing the current crop phenomics research community include developing community consensus or standards for data collection,management,sharing,and processing,developing capabilities to measure physiological parameters,and enabling farmers and breeders to effectively use phenomics in the field to directly support agricultural production.展开更多
Star-shaped poly(lactic acid)s(PLAs)with two to five arms were synthesized by ring opening polymerization using tin(II)2-ethylhexanoate as catalyst and polyols as initiators.The effects of molecular weight together wi...Star-shaped poly(lactic acid)s(PLAs)with two to five arms were synthesized by ring opening polymerization using tin(II)2-ethylhexanoate as catalyst and polyols as initiators.The effects of molecular weight together with multi-arm architecture on crystallization behavior,spherulite morphology and alkaline degradation behavior of star-shaped PLAs have been investigated.The results indicate that the multi-arm architecture interfered with spherulite growth,but promoted nucleation and alkaline degradation of star-shaped PLAs.Interestingly,with the increase of molecular weight(M_(n)),the crystallization rate first increased and then decreased,while the alkaline degradation rate was the opposite.The characteristic crystallization and alkaline degradation behavior of star-shaped PLAs were discussed based on the competition between segmental mobility and central core confinement.展开更多
Understanding how plants respond to drought can benefit drought resistance （DR） breeding. Using a non-destructive phenotyping facility, 51 image-based traits （i-traits） for 507 rice accessions were extracted. Thes...Understanding how plants respond to drought can benefit drought resistance （DR） breeding. Using a non-destructive phenotyping facility, 51 image-based traits （i-traits） for 507 rice accessions were extracted. These i-traits can be used to monitor drought responses and evaluate DR. High heritability and large variation of these traits was observed under drought stress in the natural population. A genome-wide as- sociation study （GWAS） of i-traits and traditional DR traits identified 470 association loci, some containing known DR-related genes. Of these 470 loci, 443 loci （94%） were identified using i-traits, 437 loci （93%） co- localized with previously reported DR-related quantitative trait loci, and 313 loci （66.6%） were reproducibly identified by GWAS in different years. Association networks, established based on GWAS results, revealed hub i-traits and hub loci. This demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of dissecting the complex DR trait into heritable and simple i-traits. As proof of principle, we illustrated the power of this integrated approach to identify previously unreported DR-related genes. OsPP15 was associated with a hub i-trait, and its role in DR was confirmed by genetic transformation experiments. Furthermore, i-traits can be used for DR linkage analyses, and 69 i-trait locus associations were identified by both GWAS and linkage analysis of a recom- binant inbred line population. Finally, we confirmed the relevance of i-traits to DR in the field. Our study pro- vides a promising novel approach for the genetic dissection and discovery of causal genes for DR.展开更多
Hydroxyapatite-graft-poly(D-lactide)(HA-g-PDLA)was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization with HA as initiator and stannous octanoate(Sn(Oct)2)as catalyst.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and Fourier transform infra...Hydroxyapatite-graft-poly(D-lactide)(HA-g-PDLA)was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization with HA as initiator and stannous octanoate(Sn(Oct)2)as catalyst.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FUR)results indicate that PDLA chains are successfully grafted onto HA particles by covalent bond.Under two different processing temperatures(190 and 230℃),the effect of the grafted PDLA chains on the crystallization behavior of poly(L-lactide)/HA-g-PDLA(PLLA/HA-g-PDLA)composite was investigated in the current study,comparing to neat PLLA and its four composites(PLLA/HA,PLLA/HA-g-PLLA,PLLA/PDLA,and PLLA/HA/PDLA).The crystallization rate of PLLA/HA-g-PDLA composite is highly enhanced comparing to PLLA,PLLA/HA and PLLA/HA-g-PLLA composites in which there are no stereocomplex(SC)crystallites.In addition,when the processing temperature rises from 190℃ to 230℃,the acceleration of PLLA crystallization in PLLA/HA-g-PDLA composite is not influenced so much as other composites containing SC crystallites,such as PLLA/HA/PDLA or PLLA/PDLA.The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)results demonstrate that even without SC crystallites,the crystallization of PLLA can still be accelerated a lot in this composite.This may be related to the interaction between the grafted PDLA chains and the amorphous PLLA chains in PLLA/HA-g-PDLA composite.The isothermal crystallization kinetics studies indicate that the nature of nucleation and crystal growth of PLLA/HAg-PDLA composite are more likely 3D crystalline growth with heterogeneous nucleation mode,which are different from PLLA or other composites.This investigation could shed new light on the application of PLLA/HA composites.展开更多
The synthesis and structure-property correlation of poly（N-（2-hydroxypropyl） methacrylamide） （PHPMA） conjugates with various architectures including random, block, branched or star-like structures and compositio...The synthesis and structure-property correlation of poly（N-（2-hydroxypropyl） methacrylamide） （PHPMA） conjugates with various architectures including random, block, branched or star-like structures and compositions have been thoroughly explored. However, related synthesis and structure-property data are still lacking for comb-like PHPMA. In this work, we report the synthesis of comb-like PHPMA copolymer-doxorubicin （DOX） conjugates with different backbone/side-chain lengths and location of drug moieties. Well-defined comb-like PHPMA-DOX conjugates are obtained via the combination of controlled radical polymerization and fractional precipitation techniques. The influences of structural factors on the biological properties such as cellular uptake, blood circulation and tumor accumulation have been investigated. Long blood circulation and efficient tumor accumulation can be achieved by proper control of the comb number, length and location of drug moieties. These facile comb-like structures possess great potentials in future theranostics for brachytherapy or surgical navigation.展开更多
Background:Although Th17 cells and regulatory T cells play critical roles in autoimmune hepatitis,the balance between them in acute and chronic immune hepatitis is not well‐studied.The objective of this study was to ...Background:Although Th17 cells and regulatory T cells play critical roles in autoimmune hepatitis,the balance between them in acute and chronic immune hepatitis is not well‐studied.The objective of this study was to explore the role of Th17/Treg balance in autoimmune hepatitis.Methods:Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following three groups:acute model(AC),chronic model(CC),and healthy control(HC).Aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and bilirubin levels were measured.Peripheral blood interleukin(IL)‐17,IL‐6,IL‐10,and transforming growth factor‐βcytokine levels were also assessed.Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in the Th17 cell and Treg cell frequency,and the Th17/Treg ratio was calculated.Results:The frequency of Th17 cells and Treg cells were both increased(p<0.05)and the Th17/Treg ratio was higher in the AC group compared with those in the HC group(p<0.05).Th17 cell levels were significantly lower and Treg cell levels were significantly higher in the CC group,compared with those in the AC group(p<0.05).In addition,the Th17/Treg ratio was lower in the CC group compared with that in the HC group(p<0.05).Conclusion:The Th17/Treg ratio was increased in the acute immune liver injury model and decreased in the chronic liver injury model.Th17/Treg imbalance may play a critical role in liver injury occurrence and development.展开更多
In the version of this Article originally published,Fig.7(f)was con fused with Fig.4(f).The corrected version of Fig.7 is provided below.This graphical amendment does not affect the analyses,and additional text correc...In the version of this Article originally published,Fig.7(f)was con fused with Fig.4(f).The corrected version of Fig.7 is provided below.This graphical amendment does not affect the analyses,and additional text corrections are not needed.展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No. 21JR1RA070Construction of Clinical Medical Research Center,No. 21JR7RA392
文摘BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to enhance understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of atypical hereditary spherocytosis(HS),and to broaden the diagnostic thoughts of physicians for patients with jaundice.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old male presented with jaundice,bile duct stone,and splenomegaly,but without anemia.Other causes of jaundice were excluded,and gene se-quencing revealed a novel heterozygous variant of c.1801C>T(p.Q601X)in exon 14 of the SPTB(NM_01355436)gene on chromosome 14(chr14:65260580)in the patient’s blood;the biological parents and child of the patient did not have similar variants.A splenectomy was performed on the patient and his bilirubin levels returned to normal after surgery.Thus,a novel gene variant causing HS was identified.This variant may result in the truncation ofβ-hemoglobin in the erythrocyte membrane,leading to loss of normal function,jaundice,and hemolytic anemia.The clinical manifestations of the patient were hyperjaundice and an absence of typical hemolysis during the course of the disease,which caused challenges for diagnosis by the clinicians.CONCLUSION Following a definitive diagnosis,genetic testing and response to treatment identified a gene variant site for a novel hemolytic anemia.
基金supported by the Sichuan Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Foundation Project(General Project)titled‘Research on the Influence Mechanism and Intervention of Mindfulness on Online Trolling among Adolescents’(Grant Number:SCJJ23ND227).
文摘Background:In recent years,online trolling has garnered significant attention due to its detrimental effects on mental health and social well-being.The current study examined the influence of peer victimization on adolescent online trolling behavior,proposing that hostile attribution bias mediated this relationship and that trait mindfulness moderated both the direct and indirect effects.Methods:A total of 833 Chinese adolescents completed the measurements of peer victimization,hostile attribution bias,trait mindfulness,and online trolling.Moderated mediation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between these variables.Results:After controlling for gender and residential address,the study found a significant positive correlation between peer victimization and online trolling,with hostile attribution bias serving as a mediator.In addition,trait mindfulness moderated the direct relationship between peer victimization and online trolling.Specifically,the effect of peer victimization on online trolling was attenuated when adolescents had high levels of trait mindfulness.The results of the study emphasized the joint role of peer and personal factors in adolescents’online trolling behavior and provide certain strategies for intervening in adolescents’online trolling behavior.Conclusion:The results of the study suggest that strategies focusing on peer support and mindfulness training can have a positive impact on reducing online trolling behavior,promoting adolescents’mental health,and their long-term development.
基金supported by grants from the National Program on High Technology Development (2013AA102403)the National Program for Basic Research of China (2012CB114305)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30921091,31200274)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No.NCET-10-0386)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2013PY034).
文摘Total green leaf area(GLA)is an important trait for agronomic studies.However,existing methods for estimating the GLA of individual rice plants are destructive and labor-intensive.A nondestructive method for estimating the total GLA of individual rice plants based on multi-angle color images is presented.Using projected areas of the plant in images,linear,quadratic,exponential and power regression models for estimating total GLA were evaluated.Tests demonstrated that the side-view projected area had a stronger relationship with the actual total leaf area than the top-projected area.And power models fit better than other models.In addition,the use of multiple side-view images was an efficient method for reducing the estimation error.The inclusion of the top-view projected area as a seoond predictor provided only a slight improvement of the total leaf area est imation.When the projected areas from multi angle images were used,the estimated leaf area(ELA)using the power model and the actual leaf area had a high correlation cofficient(R2>0.98),and the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)was about 6%.The method was capable of estimating the total leaf area in a nondestructive,accurate and eficient manner,and it may be used for monitoring rice plant growth.
基金supported by National Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2020YFA0907600,2018YFA0900600,2019YFA09004600)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27020105,XDB37020104,XDA24010203,XDA0450202)+2 种基金National Science Foundation of China(31870214)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1000100)STI2030eMajor Projects(2023ZD04076).
文摘Crop phenomics enables the collection of diverse plant traits for a large number of samples along different time scales,representing a greater data collection throughput compared with traditional measurements.Most modern crop phenomics use different sensors to collect reflective,emitted,and fluorescence signals,etc.,from plant organs at different spatial and temporal resolutions.Such multi-modal,high-dimensional data not only accelerates basic research on crop physiology,genetics,and whole plant systems modeling,but also supports the optimization of field agronomic practices,internal environments of plant factories,and ultimately crop breeding.Major challenges and opportunities facing the current crop phenomics research community include developing community consensus or standards for data collection,management,sharing,and processing,developing capabilities to measure physiological parameters,and enabling farmers and breeders to effectively use phenomics in the field to directly support agricultural production.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51973010).
文摘Star-shaped poly(lactic acid)s(PLAs)with two to five arms were synthesized by ring opening polymerization using tin(II)2-ethylhexanoate as catalyst and polyols as initiators.The effects of molecular weight together with multi-arm architecture on crystallization behavior,spherulite morphology and alkaline degradation behavior of star-shaped PLAs have been investigated.The results indicate that the multi-arm architecture interfered with spherulite growth,but promoted nucleation and alkaline degradation of star-shaped PLAs.Interestingly,with the increase of molecular weight(M_(n)),the crystallization rate first increased and then decreased,while the alkaline degradation rate was the opposite.The characteristic crystallization and alkaline degradation behavior of star-shaped PLAs were discussed based on the competition between segmental mobility and central core confinement.
基金We thank the National Key Research and Development Program of China （2016YFD0100600, 2016YFD0100101-18）, the National Program on High Technology Development （2014AA10A600）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （31770397）, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （2662015PY126, 2662016PY0092, 662017PY058）. We also thank Prof. John Doonan of Aberystwyth University for the English language improvement.
文摘Understanding how plants respond to drought can benefit drought resistance （DR） breeding. Using a non-destructive phenotyping facility, 51 image-based traits （i-traits） for 507 rice accessions were extracted. These i-traits can be used to monitor drought responses and evaluate DR. High heritability and large variation of these traits was observed under drought stress in the natural population. A genome-wide as- sociation study （GWAS） of i-traits and traditional DR traits identified 470 association loci, some containing known DR-related genes. Of these 470 loci, 443 loci （94%） were identified using i-traits, 437 loci （93%） co- localized with previously reported DR-related quantitative trait loci, and 313 loci （66.6%） were reproducibly identified by GWAS in different years. Association networks, established based on GWAS results, revealed hub i-traits and hub loci. This demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of dissecting the complex DR trait into heritable and simple i-traits. As proof of principle, we illustrated the power of this integrated approach to identify previously unreported DR-related genes. OsPP15 was associated with a hub i-trait, and its role in DR was confirmed by genetic transformation experiments. Furthermore, i-traits can be used for DR linkage analyses, and 69 i-trait locus associations were identified by both GWAS and linkage analysis of a recom- binant inbred line population. Finally, we confirmed the relevance of i-traits to DR in the field. Our study pro- vides a promising novel approach for the genetic dissection and discovery of causal genes for DR.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51603005 and 51973010)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2182052).
文摘Hydroxyapatite-graft-poly(D-lactide)(HA-g-PDLA)was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization with HA as initiator and stannous octanoate(Sn(Oct)2)as catalyst.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FUR)results indicate that PDLA chains are successfully grafted onto HA particles by covalent bond.Under two different processing temperatures(190 and 230℃),the effect of the grafted PDLA chains on the crystallization behavior of poly(L-lactide)/HA-g-PDLA(PLLA/HA-g-PDLA)composite was investigated in the current study,comparing to neat PLLA and its four composites(PLLA/HA,PLLA/HA-g-PLLA,PLLA/PDLA,and PLLA/HA/PDLA).The crystallization rate of PLLA/HA-g-PDLA composite is highly enhanced comparing to PLLA,PLLA/HA and PLLA/HA-g-PLLA composites in which there are no stereocomplex(SC)crystallites.In addition,when the processing temperature rises from 190℃ to 230℃,the acceleration of PLLA crystallization in PLLA/HA-g-PDLA composite is not influenced so much as other composites containing SC crystallites,such as PLLA/HA/PDLA or PLLA/PDLA.The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)results demonstrate that even without SC crystallites,the crystallization of PLLA can still be accelerated a lot in this composite.This may be related to the interaction between the grafted PDLA chains and the amorphous PLLA chains in PLLA/HA-g-PDLA composite.The isothermal crystallization kinetics studies indicate that the nature of nucleation and crystal growth of PLLA/HAg-PDLA composite are more likely 3D crystalline growth with heterogeneous nucleation mode,which are different from PLLA or other composites.This investigation could shed new light on the application of PLLA/HA composites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51503013,51390481,21774008and 81472412)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.ZY1519 and XK1701)+1 种基金the long-term subsidy mechanism from the Ministry of Financethe Ministry of Education of PRC for BUCT
文摘The synthesis and structure-property correlation of poly（N-（2-hydroxypropyl） methacrylamide） （PHPMA） conjugates with various architectures including random, block, branched or star-like structures and compositions have been thoroughly explored. However, related synthesis and structure-property data are still lacking for comb-like PHPMA. In this work, we report the synthesis of comb-like PHPMA copolymer-doxorubicin （DOX） conjugates with different backbone/side-chain lengths and location of drug moieties. Well-defined comb-like PHPMA-DOX conjugates are obtained via the combination of controlled radical polymerization and fractional precipitation techniques. The influences of structural factors on the biological properties such as cellular uptake, blood circulation and tumor accumulation have been investigated. Long blood circulation and efficient tumor accumulation can be achieved by proper control of the comb number, length and location of drug moieties. These facile comb-like structures possess great potentials in future theranostics for brachytherapy or surgical navigation.
基金This study was supported by the Natural Science Fund Project of Gansu(No.1606RJZA127).
文摘Background:Although Th17 cells and regulatory T cells play critical roles in autoimmune hepatitis,the balance between them in acute and chronic immune hepatitis is not well‐studied.The objective of this study was to explore the role of Th17/Treg balance in autoimmune hepatitis.Methods:Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following three groups:acute model(AC),chronic model(CC),and healthy control(HC).Aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and bilirubin levels were measured.Peripheral blood interleukin(IL)‐17,IL‐6,IL‐10,and transforming growth factor‐βcytokine levels were also assessed.Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in the Th17 cell and Treg cell frequency,and the Th17/Treg ratio was calculated.Results:The frequency of Th17 cells and Treg cells were both increased(p<0.05)and the Th17/Treg ratio was higher in the AC group compared with those in the HC group(p<0.05).Th17 cell levels were significantly lower and Treg cell levels were significantly higher in the CC group,compared with those in the AC group(p<0.05).In addition,the Th17/Treg ratio was lower in the CC group compared with that in the HC group(p<0.05).Conclusion:The Th17/Treg ratio was increased in the acute immune liver injury model and decreased in the chronic liver injury model.Th17/Treg imbalance may play a critical role in liver injury occurrence and development.
文摘In the version of this Article originally published,Fig.7(f)was con fused with Fig.4(f).The corrected version of Fig.7 is provided below.This graphical amendment does not affect the analyses,and additional text corrections are not needed.
