3D Printing of Tough Hydrogel Scaffolds with Functional Surface Structures for Tissue Regeneration

Hydrogel scaffolds have numerous potential applications in the tissue engineering field.However,tough hydrogel scaffolds implanted in vivo are seldom reported because it is difficult to balance biocompatibility and high mechanical properties.Inspired by Chinese ramen,we propose a universal fabricating method(printing-P,training-T,cross-linking-C,PTC&PCT)for tough hydrogel scaffolds to fill this gap.First,3D printing fabricates a hydrogel scaffold with desired structures(P).Then,the scaffold could have extraordinarily high mechanical properties and functional surface structure by cycle mechanical training with salting-out assistance(T).Finally,the training results are fixed by photo-cross-linking processing(C).The tough gelatin hydrogel scaffolds exhibit excellent tensile strength of 6.66 MPa(622-fold untreated)and have excellent biocompatibility.Furthermore,this scaffold possesses functional surface structures from nanometer to micron to millimeter,which can efficiently induce directional cell growth.Interestingly,this strategy can produce bionic human tissue with mechanical properties of 10 kPa-10 MPa by changing the type of salt,and many hydrogels,such as gelatin and silk,could be improved with PTC or PCT strategies.Animal experiments show that this scaffold can effectively promote the new generation of muscle fibers,blood vessels,and nerves within 4 weeks,prompting the rapid regeneration of large-volume muscle loss injuries.

Brain Functional Network Changes in Patients with Poststroke Cognitive Impairment Following Acupuncture Therapy

Background: The mechanisms by which acupuncture affects poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remain unclear. Objective: To investigate brain functional network (BFN) changes in patients with PSCI after acupuncture therapy. Methods: Twenty-two PSCI patients who underwent acupuncture therapy in our hospital were enrolled as research subjects. Another 14 people matched for age, sex, and education level were included in the normal control (HC) group. All the subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans;the PSCI patients underwent one scan before acupuncture therapy and another after. The network metric difference between PSCI patients and HCs was analyzed via the independent-sample t test, whereas the paired-sample t test was employed to analyze the network metric changes in PSCI patients before vs. after treatment. Results: Small-world network attributes were observed in both groups for sparsities between 0.1 and 0.28. Compared with the HC group, the PSCI group presented significantly lower values for the global topological properties (γ, Cp, and Eloc) of the brain;significantly greater values for the nodal attributes of betweenness centrality in the CUN. L and the HES. R, degree centrality in the SFGdor. L, PCG. L, IPL. L, and HES. R, and nodal local efficiency in the ORBsup. R, ORBsupmed. R, DCG. L, SMG. R, and TPOsup. L;and decreased degree centrality in the MFG. R, IFGoperc. R, and SOG. R. After treatment, PSCI patients presented increased degree centrality in the LING.L, LING.R, and IOG. L and nodal local efficiency in PHG. L, IOG. R, FFG. L, and the HES. L, and decreased betweenness centrality in the PCG. L and CUN. L, degree centrality in the ORBsupmed. R, and nodal local efficiency in ANG. R. Conclusion: Cognitive decline in PSCI patients may be related to BFN disorders;acupuncture therapy may modulate the topological properties of the BFNs of PSCI patients.

Gelatin-Based Metamaterial Hydrogel Films with High Conformality for Ultra-Soft Tissue Monitoring

Implantable hydrogel-based bioelectronics(IHB)can precisely monitor human health and diagnose diseases.However,achieving biodegradability,biocompatibility,and high conformality with soft tissues poses significant challenges for IHB.Gelatin is the most suitable candidate for IHB since it is a collagen hydrolysate and a substantial part of the extracellular matrix found naturally in most tissues.This study used 3D printing ultrafine fiber networks with metamaterial design to embed into ultra-low elastic modulus hydrogel to create a novel gelatin-based conductive film(GCF)with mechanical programmability.The regulation of GCF nearly covers soft tissue mechanics,an elastic modulus from 20 to 420 kPa,and a Poisson’s ratio from-0.25 to 0.52.The negative Poisson’s ratio promotes conformality with soft tissues to improve the efficiency of biological interfaces.The GCF can monitor heartbeat signals and respiratory rate by determining cardiac deformation due to its high conformability.Notably,the gelatin characteristics of the biodegradable GCF enable the sensor to monitor and support tissue restoration.The GCF metamaterial design offers a unique idea for bioelectronics to develop implantable sensors that integrate monitoring and tissue repair and a customized method for endowing implanted sensors to be highly conformal with soft tissues.

Summer Warming Limited Bud Output Drives a Decline in Daughter Shoot Biomass through Reduced Photosynthetis of Parent Shoots in Leymus chinensis Seedlings

Understanding how summer warming influences the parent and daughter shoot production in a perennial clonal grass is vital for comprehending the response of grassland productivity to global warming.Here,we conducted a simulated experiment using potted Leymus chinensis,to study the relationship between the photosynthetic activ-ity of parent shoots and the production of daughter shoots under a whole(90 days)summer warming scenario(+3°C).The results showed that the biomass of parents and buds decreased by 25.52%and 33.45%,respectively,under warming conditions.The reduction in parent shoot biomass due to warming directly resulted from decreased leaf area(18.03%),chlorophyll a(18.27%),chlorophyll b(29.21%)content,as well as a reduction in net photosynthetic rate(7.32%)and the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II(PSII)photochemistry(4.29%).The decline in daughter shoot biomass was linked to a decrease in daughter shoot number(33.33%)by warming.However,the number of belowground buds increased by 46.43%.The results indicated that long-term summer warming reduces biomass accumulation in parent shoot by increasing both limitation of stoma and non-stoma.Consequently,the parent shoot allocates relatively more biomass to the belowground organs to maintain the survival and growth of buds.Overall,buds,as a potential aboveground population,could remedy for the cur-rent loss of parent shoot density by increasing the number of future daughter shoots if summer warming subsides.

湖北地区孕妇碘营养状况及尿碘含量的影响因素分析

目的研究湖北地区孕妇碘营养状况及对孕妇尿碘含量的影响因素。方法采用整群分层抽样法进行抽样调查,抽取2015年10月-2017年10月湖北地区568例孕妇作为研究对象,收集研究对象的一般资料,观察孕妇碘营养状况。对比尿碘含量正常和尿碘含量异常对象的一般资料,对差异情况采用Logistic回归分析,分析孕妇尿碘含量的影响因素。结果研究对象中碘营养状况正常的孕妇258例,占45.42%;碘营养状况异常的孕妇310例,占54.58%。尿碘含量正常和尿碘含量异常的研究对象在文化程度、食盐量、海产品饮食频次、乳制品饮食频次、小米饮食频次、肉类饮食频次及碘剂补充情况方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,文化程度、食盐量、海产品饮食频次、乳制品饮食频次、小米饮食频次、肉类饮食频次及碘剂补充情况是孕妇尿碘含量的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论湖北地区部分孕妇存在碘营养异常情况,应根据孕妇自身情况采取针对性干预,改善孕妇碘营养异常情况。

3例16p11.2微缺失综合征胎儿的产前诊断及其产前超声分析

目的分析3例16p11.2微缺失综合征胎儿的临床资料,探讨其产前诊断方法及宫内表型。方法回顾3例产前诊断为16p11.2微缺失(593 kb)胎儿的染色体核型分析、单核苷酸多态性微阵列(SNP微阵列)检测结果,分析这3例胎儿的产前超声特点。结果病例1和病例2胎儿羊水染色体核型为46,XX,病例3胎儿羊水染色体核型为46,XY。病例1的SNP微阵列结果为arr[hg19]16p11.2(29,428,531~30,350,748)X1,即16p11.2存在922 kb的缺失。病例2的SNP微阵列结果为arr[hg19]16p11.2(29,591,326~30,176,508)X1,即16p11.2存在585 kb的缺失。病例3的SNP微阵列结果为arr[hg19]16p11.2(29,428,531~30,176,508)X1,即16p11.2存在748 kb的缺失。3例均有关键区域缺失,包含PRRT2、KCTD13、TBX6、HIRIP3、SEZ6L2等候选致病基因。病例1、2产前超声均提示胎儿半椎体畸形、脊柱侧弯,病例3产前超声提示胎儿颈部半透明膜增厚。结论 16p11.2微缺失综合征在产前可出现各个系统超声异常,但椎体畸形最为常见。中国汉族人群产前超声中如果出现胎儿半椎体畸形、脊柱侧弯,应考虑16p11.2微缺失综合征的可能。SNP微阵列分析可以有效地诊断16p11.2微缺失综合征,明确其断裂点以及所涉及的基因,有助于分析其基因型与表型的对应关系。

社会工作者在灾后重建中的行动策略和角色定位——以汶川县映秀镇广州社会工作站为例

这是一篇基于行动研究反思社会工作介入灾害服务的文章.本文从个人一社会关系、优势视角、弱势优先的理念出发,探讨社会工作者在灾后重建中的行动策略和角色定位.文章透过具体案例细致阐述了社会工作者在灾后重建中扮演社区心理支持者、能力促进者和资源连接者的角色.从社会工作介入灾后重建的可持续性而言,本文认为,社会工作者应该透过构建社区互助网络和城乡合作网络,与灾区群众共同经历灾后重建的三年.

认知语言学研究的“实证周期”

本文从"实证——定量——多元统计"的思路论证了认知语言学方法论的发展理据,指出认知语言学研究应遵循"实证周期"的指导思想,对语言现象进行客观、科学的描述。并分别从研究假设的提出、实证数据的收集以及数据的定量分析三个方面具体阐释了如何在"实证周期"思想的指导下进行认知语言学研究。

SUDOSCAN 检测快速有效评估硼替佐米致周围神经病变

目的:本研究旨在探索SUDOSCAN检测(一种外周自主神经功能检测工具)对硼替佐米致周围神经病变(bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy,BIPN)的评估效果。方法:以2021年7月至2022年10月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院血液科确诊的86例多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)患者作为研究对象,另外选取30例无肿瘤史及化疗药物接触史的患者作对照,所有患者均接受了SUDOSCAN皮肤电导率(ESC值)检测,同时与总神经病变评分临床版(TNSc)、美国国立癌症研究所常见毒性分级标准(NCI-CTC)分级评分对比,并对试验组患者进行了评估所需时间比较。结果:试验组患者手部、足部ESC值比对照组明显降低(手部:56.4μs vs.76.5μs,P<0.001;足部:47.5μs vs.78.0μs,P<0.001);SODUSCAN评估患者足部ESC值与TNSc评分呈显著负相关(r=−0.403,P<0.001)、与NCI-CTC等级无明显相关性(r=−0.227,P=0.051);NCI-CTC等级与TNSc评分呈显著正相关(r=0.591,P<0.001)。SUDOSCAN检测所需中位评估时间与NCI-CTC等级相近(均为2.4 min),TNSc评分所需中位评估时间最长(13.4 min)。结论:目前,BIPN缺乏准确、高效评估方式,SUDOSCAN检测简单易行,与TNSc评分呈显著负相关,且比TNSc评分用时更短,能够快速有效评估BIPN。

Light-emitting diodes based on all-inorganic copper halide perovskite with self-trapped excitons

Light-emitting diodes based on lead halide perovskite have attracted great attention due to their outstanding performance.However,their application is plagued by the toxicity of Pb and the poor stability.Herein novel copper-based all inorganic perovskite CsCu2I3 with much enhanced stability has been reported with a potential photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)over 20%and self-trapped excitons(STE).By taking advantage of its extraordinary thermal stability,we successfully fabricate high-quality CsCu2I3 film through direct vacuum-based deposition(VBD)of CsCu2I3 powder.The resulting film shows almost the same PLQY with the synthesized powder,as well as excellent uniformity and stability.The perovskite light-emitting diodes(Pe-LED)based on the evaporated CsCu2I3 emitting layer achieve a luminescence of 10 cd/m2 and an external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 0.02%.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first CsCu2I3 Pe-LED fabricated by VBD with STE property,which offers a new avenue for lead-free Pe-LED.

Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation is associated with reduced risk of mortality in the elderly:a prospective cohort study and propensity score analysis

Background It is unclear whether catheter ablation(CA)for atrial fibrillation(AF)affects the long-term prognosis in the elderly.This study aims to evaluate the relationship between CA and long-term outcomes in elderly patients with AF.Methods Patients more than 75 years old with non-valvular AF were prospectively enrolled between August 2011 and December 2017 in the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry Study.Participants who underwent CA at baseline were propensity score matched(1:1)with those who did not receive CA.The outcome events included all-cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,stroke/transient ischemic attack(TIA),and cardiovascular hospitalization.Results Overall,this cohort included 571 ablated patients and 571 non-ablated patients with similar characteristics on 18 dimensions.During a mean follow-up of 39.75±19.98 months(minimum six months),24 patients died in the ablation group,compared with 60 deaths in the non-ablation group[hazard ratio(HR)=0.49,95%confidence interval(CI):0.30-0.79,P=0.0024].Besides,6 ablated and 29 non-ablated subjects died of cardiovascular disease(HR=0.25,95%CI:0.11-0.61,P=0.0022).A total of 27 ablated and 40 non-ablated patients suffered stroke/TIA(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.48-1.28,P=0.3431).In addition,140 ablated and 194 non-ablated participants suffered cardiovascular hospitalization(HR=0.84,95%CI:0.67-1.04,P=0.1084).Subgroup analyses according to gender,type of AF,time since onset of AF,and anticoagulants exposure in initiation did not show significant heterogeneity.Conclusions In elderly patients with AF,CA may be associated with a lower incidence of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Optimal flexibility dispatch of demand side resources with high penetration of renewables:a Stackelberg game method

To promote the utilization of renewable energy,such as photovoltaics,this paper proposes an optimal flexibility dispatch method for demand-side resources(DSR)based on the Stackelberg game theory.First,the concept of the generalized DSR is analyzed and flexibility models for various DSR are constructed.Second,owing to the characteristics of small capacity but large-scale,an outer approximation is proposed to describe the aggregate flexibility of DSR.Then,the optimal flexibility dispatch model of DSR based on the Stackelberg game is established and a decentralized solution algorithm is designed to obtain the Stackelberg equilibrium.Finally,the actual data are utilized for the case study and the results show that,compared to the traditional centralized optimization method,the proposed optimal flexibility dispatch method can not only reduce the net load variability of the DSR aggregator but is beneficial for all DSR owners,which is more suitable for practical applications.

Scribble-Supervised Video Object Segmentation

Recently,video object segmentation has received great attention in the computer vision community.Most of the existing methods heavily rely on the pixel-wise human annotations,which are expensive and time-consuming to obtain.To tackle this problem,we make an early attempt to achieve video object segmentation with scribble-level supervision,which can alleviate large amounts of human labor for collecting the manual annotation.However,using conventional network architectures and learning objective functions under this scenario cannot work well as the supervision information is highly sparse and incomplete.To address this issue,this paper introduces two novel elements to learn the video object segmentation model.The first one is the scribble attention module,which captures more accurate context information and learns an effective attention map to enhance the contrast between foreground and background.The other one is the scribble-supervised loss,which can optimize the unlabeled pixels and dynamically correct inaccurate segmented areas during the training stage.To evaluate the proposed method,we implement experiments on two video object segmentation benchmark datasets,You Tube-video object segmentation(VOS),and densely annotated video segmentation(DAVIS)-2017.We first generate the scribble annotations from the original per-pixel annotations.Then,we train our model and compare its test performance with the baseline models and other existing works.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can work effectively and approach to the methods requiring the dense per-pixel annotations.

Safe conservation and utilization of peanut germplasm resources in the Oil Crops Middle-term Genebank of China

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is an important oil and cash crop in the world.Peanut germplasm collected in China are abundant,which provides important material guarantee for peanut breeding and industrial development.Here,the safe conservation technology and indicators of peanut germplasm resources in the Oil Crops Middleterm Genebank of China were expounded from three processes of storage,monitoring,reproduction and renewal.We summarized and reviewed the situation of conservation and utilization of peanut germplasm resources in the Middle-term Genebank in the past 20 years.The future research direction of peanut resources in the Oil Crops Middle-term Genebank of China is prospected.

Repression of microRNA 160 results in retarded seed integument growth and smaller final seed size in cotton

microRNA 160(miR160),targeting auxin response factors(ARFs),plays many roles in plant development.We investigated the role of the mi R160/ARF axis in regulation of cotton seed size.Suppressing mi R160 activity,specifically in the seed coat,led to smaller seeds and less fiber production owing to attenuated growth of the maternal integument.Scanning electron microscopy and histology showed that expansion of cells in the integument was retarded in mi R160-suppressed lines.Four Gh ARF genes were targeted by mi R160 and were upregulated in mi R160-suppressed lines,indicating that a mi R160/ARF axis is present in cotton.Five genes(Ghir_A05 G003740,Scaffold1878 G000010,Ghir_D09 G024980,Ghir_A11 G010730,and Ghir_A05 G041590),associated with reduced seed development were downregulated in mi R160-suppressed lines.Our results suggest that the mi R160/ARF axis controls maternal integument growth to influence seed size by directly or indirectly regulating seed development-associated genes.

Association Between Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Gene XRCC1 and DNA Damage in Asbestos-Exposed Workers

Objective To compare the asbestos-induced DNA damage and repair capacities of DNA damage between 104 asbestosexposed workers and 101 control workers in Qingdao City of China and to investigate the possible association between polymorphisms in codon 399 of XRCC1 and susceptibility to asbestosis. Methods DNA damage levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined by comet assay, and XRCC1 genetic polymorphisms of DNA samples from 51 asbestosis cases and 53 non-asbestosis workers with a similar asbestos exposure history were analyzed by PCR/RFLP. Results The basal comet scores （3.95±2.95） were significantly higher in asbestos-exposed workers than in control workers （0.10±0.28）. After 1 h H2O2 stimulation, DNA damage of lymphocytes exhibited different increases. After a 4 h repair period, the comet scores were 50.98±19.53 in asbestos-exposed workers and 18.32±12.04 in controls. The residual DNA damage （RD） was significantly greater （P〈0.01） in asbestos-exposed workers （35.62%） than in controls （27.75%）. XRCC1 genetic polymorphism in 104 asbestos-exposed workers was not associated with increased risk of asbestosis. But compared with polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene XRCC1 （polymorphisms in codon 399） and the DNA damage induced by asbestos, the comet scores in asbestosis cases with Gin/Gin, Gln/Arg, and Arg/Arg were 40.26±18.94, 38.03±28.22, and 32.01±11.65, respectively, which were higher than those in non-asbestosis workers with the same genotypes （25.58±11.08, 37.08±14.74, and 29.38±10.15）. There were significant differences in the comet scores between asbestosis cases and non-asbestosis workers with Gin/Gin by Student＇s t-test （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. The comet scores were higher in asbestosis workers with Gin/Gin than in those with Arg/Arg and in non-asbestosis workers exposed to asbestos, but without statistically significant difference. Conclusions Exposure to asbestos may be related to DNA damage or the capacity of cells to repair H2O2-induced DNA damage. DNA repair gene XRCC 1 codon 399 may be responsible for the inter-individual susceptibility in DNA damage and repair capacities.

Stable major QTL on chromosomes A07 and A08 increase shelling percentage in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

Peanut is a major oilseed and food legume.Shelling percentage(SP),closely associated with seed yield,is a trait whose improvement is a major goal of peanut breeding.In this study,a mapping population(Xuhua 13×Zhonghua 6)was used to map quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling SP in four environments.Two stable major QTL for SP were mapped on both SSR-and SNP-based genetic maps.q SPA07.1 on chromosome A07 explained up to 31.7%of phenotypic variation,and q SPA08.2 on chromosome A08 explained up to 10.8%.Favorable alleles of q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were derived from the female and male parents,respectively.Eight recombinant inbred lines(RILs)carrying both favorable alleles showed superiority in SP over the two parents in all environmental trials.A combination of the two favorable alleles using the linked markers was verified to increase SP by~5%in the RIL population and by~3%SP in diverse peanut cultivars.q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were delimited to respectively a 0.73-Mb interval harboring 96 genes and a 3.93-Mb interval harboring 238 genes.Respectively five and eight genes with high expression in pods,including enzymes and transcription factors,were assigned as candidate genes for q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2.These consistent major QTL provide an opportunity for fine mapping of genes controlling SP,and the linked markers may be useful for genetic improvement of SP in peanut.

Identification of major QTL for seed number per pod on chromosome A05 of tetraploid peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

The inheritance of pod-and seed-number traits(PSNT) in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) is poorly understood. In the present study, a recombinant inbred line(RIL) population of 188 lines was used to map quantitative trait loci(QTL) for number of seeds per pod(NSP),number of pods per plant(NPP), and numbers of one-, two-, and three-seeded pods per plant(N1 PP, N2 PP, and N3 PP) in four environments. A total of 28 consensus QTL and 14 single QTL were identified, including 11 major and stable QTL. Four major and stable QTL including qN3 PPA5.2, q N3 PPA5.4, qN3 PPA5.5, and qN3 PPA5.7 each explained 12.3%–33.0% of phenotype variation. By use of another integrated linkage map for the A5 group(hereafter referred to as INT A5 group), QTL for PSNT were located in seven intervals of 0.73–9.68 Mb in length on chromosome A05, and candidate genes underlying N3 PP were suggested. These findings shed light on the genetic basis of PSNT. Major QTL for N3 PP could be used as candidates for further positional cloning.

Short-term wind speed forecasting bias correction in the Hangzhou area of China based on a machine learning model

准确的风速预报具有重要的社会意义.在本研究中,使用名为WSFBC-XGB的XGBoost机器学习模型对中国浙江省杭州市自动气象站的短期风速预报误差进行校正.WSFBC-XGB使用本地数值天气预报系统的产品作为输入.将WSFBC-XGB校正的结果与传统MOS(模型输出统计)方法校正的结果进行了比较.结果表明:WSFBC-XGB预报风速的均方根误差(RMSE)/准确率(ACC)分别比NWP和MOS降低/提高了26.1%和7.64%/35.6%和7.02%;对于90%的站点WSFBC-XGB的RMSE/ACC均小于/高于MOS.此外,采用平均杂质减少法对WSFBC-XGB的可解释性进行分析,以帮助用户增加对模型的信任.结果表明:10米风速(47.35%),10米风的经向分量(12.73%),日循环(9.97%)和1000百帕风的经向分量(7.45%)是前4个最重要的特征.WSFBC-XGB模型将有助于提高短期风速预报的准确性,为大型户外活动提供支持.

Radial velocity measurements from LAMOST medium-resolution spectroscopic observations: a pointing towards the Kepler field

Radial velocity is one of the key measurements in understanding the fundamental properties of stars, stellar clusters and the Galaxy. A plate of stars in the Kepler field was observed in May of 2018 with the medium-resolution spectrographs of LAMOST, aiming to test the performance of this new system which is the upgraded equipment of LAMOST after the first five-year regular survey. We present our analysis on the radial velocity measurements(RVs) derived from these data. The results show that slight and significant systematic errors exist among the RVs obtained from the spectra collected by different spectrographs and exposures, respectively. After correcting the systematic errors with different techniques, the precision of RVs reaches ～1.3,～1.0,～0.5 and ～0.3 km s^(-1) at S/Nr = 10, 20, 50 and 100, respectively. Comparing with the RVs of standard stars from the APOGEE survey, our RVs are calibrated with a zero-point shift of～7 km s^(-1). The results indicate that the LAMOST medium-resolution spectroscopic system may provide RVs with a reasonable accuracy and precision for the selected targets.