Basic quantities of the equation of state in isospin asymmetric nuclear matter

Based on the Hugenholtz-Van Hove theorem six basic quantities of the EoS in isospin asymmetric nuclear matter are expressed in terms of the nucleon kinetic energy t(k),the isospin symmetric and asymmetric parts of the single-nucleon potentials U_(0)(ρ,k)and U_(sym,i)(ρ,k).The six basic quantities include the quadratic symmetry energy E_(sym,2)(ρ),the quartic symmetry energy E_(sym,4)(ρ),their corresponding density slopes L_(2)(ρ)and L_(4)(ρ),and the incompressibility coefficients K_(2)(ρ)and K_(4)(ρ).By using four types of well-known effective nucleon-nucleon interaction models,namely the BGBD,MDI,Skyrme,and Gogny forces,the density-and isospin-dependent properties of these basic quantities are systematically calculated and their values at the saturation density q_(0)are explicitly given.The contributions to these quantities from t(k)U_(0)(ρ,k),and U_(sym,i)(ρ,k)are also analyzed at the norma nuclear density q_(0).It is clearly shown that the first-order asymmetric term U_(sym,1)(ρ,k)(also known as the symmetry potential in the Lane potential)plays a vital role in determining the density dependence of the quadratic symmetry energy E_(sym,2)(ρ).It is also shown that the contributions from the high-order asymmetric parts of the single-nucleon potentials(U_(sym,i)(ρ,k)with i>1)cannot be neglected in the calculations of the other five basic quantities Moreover,by analyzing the properties of asymmetric nuclear matter at the exact saturation densityρ_(sat)(δ),the corresponding quadratic incompressibility coefficient is found to have a simple empirical relation K_(sat,2)=K_(2)(ρ_(0))-4.14L_(2)(ρ_(0))

Exploring the sensitivity of α-decay half-life to neutron skin thickness for nuclei around ^(208)Pb

Based on the newest experimentally extracted nuclear density distributions for double-magic nucleus208Pb(Tarbert et al. in Phys Rev Lett 112:242502, 2014),the sensitivity of α-decay half-life to nuclear skin thickness is explored in the vicinity of the shell closure region around208 Pb, i.e., isotopes of Z ? 82 and isotones of N ? 126.With the two-parameter Fermi(2PF) density distributions and an analytically derived formula, the α-decay half-life is found to be closely related to the magnitude of nuclear skin thickness. For a decays to the Z ? 82 isotopes, the α-decay half-life is found to decrease with the increasing neutron skin thickness, while the opposite behavior is found for a decays to the N ? 126 isotones. Therefore, it could be a possible way to extract the nuclear skin thickness from measured α-decay half-lives.

a-Decay half-life screened by electrons

In this paper,by considering the electrons in different external environments,including neutral atoms,a metal,and an extremely strong magnetic-field environment,the screened a-decay half-lives of the a emitters with proton number Z = 52–105 are systematically calculated.In the external environment,the decay energy and the interaction potential between a particle and daughter nucleus are both changed due to the electron screening effect and their variations are both very important for the electron screening effect.Besides,the electron screening effect is found to be closely related to the decay energy and its proton number.

利用不稳定原子核的衰变研究核物质对称能的性质

对称能可表征核物质中质子和中子的同位旋不对称效应,在核物理和天体物理方面都具有非常重要的作用,例如会对原子核的质量、奇特原子核的结构与性质、重离子核反应的物理机制、中子星的结构与成分和冷却过程等产生重要影响.目前人们对核物质对称能关于密度的依赖行为了解得还不够清楚,尤其是在高于饱和密度区域,对称能的性质还存在很大的不确定性.研究表明,除了二阶对称能,四阶对称能也会对中子星的冷却过程产生重要影响,也会影响到中子星壳的内侧边缘的具体位置等,进而影响到中子星的结构性质.利用Hugenholz-van Hove(HVH)基本定理,对称能的性质可以直接与核子单粒子势联系起来.不稳定原子核的衰变可以用于提取核子单粒子势的相关性质,也可以用于研究核物质对称能的密度依赖行为.

Finite particle number description of neutron matter using the unitary correlation operator and high-momentum pair methods

Using bare Argonne V4'(AV4'),V6'(AV6'),and V8'(AV8')nucleon–nucleon(NN)interactions,the nuclear equations of state(EOSs)for neutron matter are calculated with the unitary correlation operator and high-momentum pair methods.Neutron matter is described using a finite particle number approach with magic number N=66 under a periodic boundary condition.The central short-range correlation originating from the short-range repulsion in the NN interaction is treated by the unitary correlation operator method(UCOM),and the tensor correlation and spin-orbit effects are described by the two-particle two-hole(2p2h)excitations of nucleon pairs,where the two nucleons with a large relative momentum are regarded as a high-momentum(HM)pair.With increasing 2p2h configurations,the total energy per particle of the neutron matter is well-converged under this UCOM+HM framework.Comparing the results calculated with AV4',AV6',and AV8'NN interactions,we demonstrate the effects of the short-range correlation,tensor correlation,and spin-orbit coupling on the density dependence of the total energy per particle of neutron matter.Moreover,the contribution of each Hamiltonian component to the total energy per particle is discussed.The EOSs of neutron matter calculated within the present UCOM+HM framework agree with the calculations of six microscopic many-body theories,especially the auxiliary field-diffusion Monte Carlo calculations.