Multi-Objective Equilibrium Optimizer for Feature Selection in High-Dimensional English Speech Emotion Recognition

Speech emotion recognition(SER)uses acoustic analysis to find features for emotion recognition and examines variations in voice that are caused by emotions.The number of features acquired with acoustic analysis is extremely high,so we introduce a hybrid filter-wrapper feature selection algorithm based on an improved equilibrium optimizer for constructing an emotion recognition system.The proposed algorithm implements multi-objective emotion recognition with the minimum number of selected features and maximum accuracy.First,we use the information gain and Fisher Score to sort the features extracted from signals.Then,we employ a multi-objective ranking method to evaluate these features and assign different importance to them.Features with high rankings have a large probability of being selected.Finally,we propose a repair strategy to address the problem of duplicate solutions in multi-objective feature selection,which can improve the diversity of solutions and avoid falling into local traps.Using random forest and K-nearest neighbor classifiers,four English speech emotion datasets are employed to test the proposed algorithm(MBEO)as well as other multi-objective emotion identification techniques.The results illustrate that it performs well in inverted generational distance,hypervolume,Pareto solutions,and execution time,and MBEO is appropriate for high-dimensional English SER.

Progress of Triglyceride Glucose Index in Lesion Severity and Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Background: In response to the escalating burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide, exacerbated by lifestyle changes and socioeconomic shifts, acute coronary syndromes (ACS) stand out as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The pivotal role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, independent of traditional risk factors, has garnered significant interest. Objective: This review aims to synthesize the recent advancements in the utilization of the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) as a biomarker for assessing the severity and predicting the prognosis of ACS lesions. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, incorporating keywords such as “triglyceride glucose index”, “TyG index”, “acute coronary syndrome”, “cardiovascular disease”, “insulin resistance”, “coronary artery calcification”, “SYNTAX score”, “Gensini score”, and “major adverse cardiac events”. Studies were included from the inception of each database up to July 2024. Selection criteria encompassed observational studies, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials, with a particular emphasis on evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Ultimately, 46 publications met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed in accordance with established guidelines. Results: Evidence suggests that the TyG index, reflecting insulin resistance, blood glucose, and lipid levels, is significantly associated with lesion severity in ACS, including coronary artery calcification, SYNTAX score, and Gensini score. Moreover, it demonstrates predictive power for major adverse cardiovascular events, underscoring its potential as a valuable tool in clinical decision-making. Conclusion: The review highlights the emerging role of the TyG index in the assessment and prognosis of ACS, advocating for its incorporation into clinical practice as a complement to existing diagnostic modalities. However, the establishment of standardized reference ranges and further validation across diverse populations are warranted to refine its applicability in personalized medicine. The interdisciplinary approach is essential to advance our understanding of the complex interplay between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, paving the way for the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies.

高山美利奴羊胚胎移植试验

为充分挖掘利用地方特色绵羊品种资源,促进细毛羊品种改良,该研究以甘肃高山美利奴羊为母本,以引进澳洲美利奴羊为父本,利用超数排卵和腹腔镜输精生产良种胚胎,并以藏系羊为受体进行胚胎移植。试验选取5~6岁龄优质甘肃高山美利奴母羊作为供体,以藏系绵羊作为受体,采用递减法注射FSH进行超排处理。经同期发情、超数排卵、人工授精等过程后,采用手术法子宫角回收供体的胚胎,经鉴定后移植。试验结果表明,25只有效供体共采集到130枚卵子/胚胎,其中可用胚66枚,供体平均冲胚5.2枚/只,供体平均可利用胚胎2.64枚/只。将66枚胚胎移植到66只受体后,34只受体妊娠,受胎率为51.52%。该试验为探索适宜于当地特色的胚胎移植技术模式,发挥地方资源优势,促进甘肃高山美利奴羊品种改良有较大的参考意义。

甜玉米雄性不育突变体ms2020的表型分析和基因定位

为将雄性不育基因应用于甜玉米杂交制种中,达到降低劳动成本且保证种子纯度的目的。以来源于甜玉米自交系K78的雄性不育自发突变体male sterility 2020(ms2020)为材料,构建ms2020与甜玉米自交系M08的F 1及相应的F 2遗传群体,通过表型鉴定、遗传分析和基因定位研究ms2020甜玉米雄性不育突变体。表型鉴定结果表明:F 1群体均表现为雄性可育,F 2群体出现了育性分离。不育植株能够正常抽雄,但花药不开裂、散粉异常,花药变小且颜色淡黄;1%I 2-KI染色发现不育植株的花药内包含不能正常着色的败育花粉粒。遗传分析结果表明:育性正常植株与不育植株的比例符合3∶1,表明ms2020雄性不育突变体是由单基因控制的隐性突变体。利用BSA技术,初步将目的基因定位在7号染色体短臂上;随后利用初定位区间内的20对SSR标记对不育基因进行定位,将不育基因精细定位在标记S1和W10之间,物理距离为11.30 kb。该区间内包含Zm00001d018802和Zm00001d0188032个注释基因;通过候选基因功能分析,推测已报道为玉米雄性不育基因的编码谷氧还蛋白的Zm00001d018802(ZmMs22/ZmMSCA1)基因可能是导致ms2020雄性不育的关键候选基因。本研究鉴定了ms2020甜玉米雄性不育突变体的败育特征和遗传特性,为甜玉米雄性不育化杂交制种提供了材料;同时,本研究定位到突变体的关键候选基因,为进一步解析其雄性不育的分子机制奠定了基础。

Predicting the Activity of Oral Lichen Planus with Glycolysis-related Molecules:A Scikit-learn-based Function

Objective Oral lichen planus(OLP)is one of the most common oral mucosa diseases,and is mainly mediated by T lymphocytes.The metabolic reprogramming of activated T cells has been shown to transform from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis.The present study investigated the serum levels of glycolysis-related molecules(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH;pyruvic acid,PA;lactic acid,LAC)in OLP,and the correlation with OLP activity was assessed using the reticular,atrophic and erosive lesion(RAE)scoring system.Methods Univariate and multivariate linear regression functions based on scikit-learn were designed to predict the RAE scores in OLP patients,and the performance of these two machine learning functions was compared.Results The results revealed that the serum levels of PA and LAC were upregulated in erosive OLP(EOLP)patients,when compared to healthy volunteers.Furthermore,the LDH and LAC levels were significantly higher in the EOLP group than in the nonerosive OLP(NEOLP)group.All glycolysis-related molecules were positively correlated to the RAE scores.Among these,LAC had a strong correlation.The univariate function that involved the LAC level and the multivariate function that involved all glycolysis-related molecules presented comparable prediction accuracy and stability,but the latter was more time-consuming.Conclusion It can be concluded that the serum LAC level can be a user-friendly biomarker to monitor the OLP activity,based on the univariate function developed in the present study.The intervention of the glycolytic pathway may provide a potential therapeutic strategy.

甜玉米乳熟期果皮厚度相关基因的加权基因共表达网络分析

为深入探究甜玉米果皮厚度发育的分子机制,利用华南农业大学甜玉米课题组选育的果皮厚度差异较大的甜玉米自交系M03和M08为试验材料,对其授粉后15,19,23 d的果皮进行转录组测序。联合差异表达基因分析与加权基因共表达网络(WGCNA)分析,鉴定甜玉米乳熟期果皮厚度相关的共表达基因模块,根据模块内基因的连接度鉴定核心基因,利用qRT-PCR验证核心基因表达量的可靠性。比较M03和M08不同时期果皮转录组数据共筛选出4748个差异表达基因(DEGs),DEGs主要富集到碳水化合物代谢过程、植物-病原体相互作用、植物MAPK信号通路。WGCNA分析共构建了18个共表达模块,通过筛选得到4个具有生物学意义且与果皮厚度显著相关(相关系数的绝对值>0.60)的特异性共表达模块,分别是Turquoise、Yellow、Magenta和Pink模块。GO和KEGG功能富集分析结果均表明,特异性模块富集到的天冬氨酸、丙氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢以及植物MAPK信号通路在甜玉米果皮厚度发育中具有重要的作用。选取连接度最高的前20个基因进行核心基因筛选,通过基因功能注释最终筛选到包括MYB转录因子、细胞周期蛋白(CYC15)、β-淀粉酶、细胞凋亡调节基因(BCL-2)在内的13个核心基因。以核心基因为节点构建的共表达网络中还包括生长素转录因子(ARF、AUX/IAA)、乙烯反应元件结合因子(ERF)、亮氨酸拉链(bZIP)等转录因子,功能预测表明,这些基因可能在甜玉米果皮厚度调控中发挥重要作用。

The Correlation between sST2 and Atrial Fibrillation and Its Clinical Significance

Objective: To explore the level of soluble growth-stimulated expression gene 2 (sST2) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and its relationship with atrial remodeling. Methods: From December 2018 to July 2019, 86 patients were enrolled in the cardiovascular department of Jingzhou Central Hospital in Hubei Province. AF group was 60 patients with AF diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of electrophysiology and pacing branch of Chinese Medical Association, while the control group was 26 normal ECG patients with sinus rhythm examined by ECG and/or DCG. Clinical data, NT proBNP and birth rate of all patients were collected chemical indicators. All the patients in the groups were examined by ECG and color Doppler echocardiography. The serum level of ST2 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the indexes related to atrial remodeling in echocardiography, left atrial diameter (LAD), were collected, compared and analyzed. Results: Serum sST2 levels and LAD and RAD values in the AF group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Serum sST2 levels were higher in the AF group than in the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation group (P = 0.031). 1) The sST2 level was positively correlated with LAD and RAD measured by cardiac ultrasound (r = 0.388, P = 0.029). Conclusion: Serum sST2 levels have early recognition value in patients with high-risk atrial fibrillation, which contributes to the stratification of risk of atrial fibrillation and the prediction of disease activity. Elevated serum sST2 levels may be associated with atrial remodeling. sST2 may be an objective biomarker that predicts the risk of emergency admission in patients with atrial fibrillation. Elevated sST2 levels may be associated with atrial fibrillation progression.

口腔健康行为干预对缺血性卒中二级预防影响的研究

目的:探讨口腔健康行为干预在缺血性卒中二级预防中减少卒中复发与相关并发症的作用。方法:随机抽取2019年12月至2020年6月在粤北人民医院神经内科住院治疗的缺血性卒中患者300例,分为对照组与观察组。对照组患者按常规实施脑卒中二级预防干预。观察组患者在常规实施二级预防同时,增加口腔健康行为教育与干预:向患者说明口腔卫生对卒中康复的重要性,指导每天早晚巴氏法刷牙、餐后使用牙线与漱口,有口腔问题及时就诊等措施。观察对比两组患者行为改变、服药依从性、卒中复发率及相关并发症等情况。结果:从入院入组开始至出院后继续干预随访1年,发现干预组较对照组的口腔健康行为率、戒烟率显著提高,但两组的卒中复发率、相关并发症发生率比较无显著统计学差异。结论:在实施二级预防的同时增加口腔健康行为干预内容,可显著提高缺血性卒中患者的口腔健康行为及戒烟率,但在减少卒中复发与相关并发症的作用方面未见明显统计学差异。

Curcumin inhibits hepatitis B virus infection by downregulating ccc DNA-bound histone acetylation

AIM To investigate the potential effect of curcumin on hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalently closed circular DNA(ccc DNA) and the underlying mechanism.METHODS A Hep G2.2.15 cell line stably transfected with HBV was treated with curcumin, and HBV surface antigen(HBs Ag) and e antigen(HBe Ag) expression levels were assessed by ELISA. Intracellular HBV DNA replication intermediates and ccc DNA were detected by Southern blot and real-time PCR, respectively. The acetylation levels of histones H3 and H4 were measured by Western blot. H3/H4-bound ccc DNA was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation(Ch IP) assays. The deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and sodium butyrate were used to study the mechanism of action for curcumin. Additionally, short interfering RNAs(si RNAs) targeting HBV were tested along with curcumin.RESULTS Curcumin treatment led to time-and dose-dependent reductions in HBs Ag and HBe Ag expression and significant reductions in intracellular HBV DNA replication intermediates and HBV ccc DNA. After treatment with 20 μmol/L curcumin for 2 d, HBs Ag and ccc DNA levels in Hep G2.2.15 cells were reduced by up to 57.7%(P < 0.01) and 75.5%(P < 0.01), respectively, compared with levels in non-treated cells. Meanwhile, time-and dose-dependent reductions in the histone H3 acetylation levels were also detected upon treatment with curcumin, accompanied by reductions in H3-and H4-bound ccc DNA. Furthermore, the deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and sodium butyrate could block the effects of curcumin. Additionally, transfection of si RNAs targeting HBV enhanced the inhibitory effects of curcumin.CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibits HBV gene replication via downregulation of ccc DNA-bound histone acetylation and has the potential to be developed as a ccc DNA-targeting antiviral agent for hepatitis B.

ZrO2 nanoparticles anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets as efficient catalyst for electrochemical CO2 reduction

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to produce value-added feedstock chemicals using high-performance electrocatalysts is a promising protocol to address the excessive CO2 in the atmosphere and the energy crisis. However, the high overpotential, low current density, and poor product selectivity for CO2 electroreduction greatly impede their practical applications. In this work, we develop an efficient catalyst for CO2 reduction to CO consisting of well-dispersed ZrO2 nanoparticles tightly anchored on nitrogendoped carbon nanosheets(ZrO2/N-C) for the first time. Importantly, the ZrO2 nanoparticles possess oxygen vacancies and defects, which regulate the electronic structure of catalyst and thus greatly enhance the electrocatalytic activity. Specifically, ZrO2/N-C demonstrates a high CO Faradaic efficiency(FE) of 64% at-0.4 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE) and a respectable current density of ~2.6 m A cm-2 in CO2-saturated 0.5 M KHCO 3 solution. This work opens a new avenue for developing excellent catalysts for CO2 electroreduction with metal oxide/heteroatom-doped carbon composite structure.

引进优良品种肉羊与藏羊不同杂交组合效果

本试验使用国外优良品种肉羊杜波、特克赛尔、萨福克、澳洲白及陶赛特细管冻精,应用腹腔镜子宫角人工授精技术受配当地藏羊,开展以藏羊为母本的不同杂交组合试验,对不同杂交组合F1代生长发育和适应性进行观察测定。结果表明:在同等放牧条件下,萨×藏、杜×藏和特×藏组合F1代初生重分别为4.04 kg、4.58 kg和4.18 kg,3月龄体重分别为23.22 kg、23.10 kg和22.97 kg,显著高于当地藏羊(P<0.05);3月龄F1代体高、体斜长与当地藏羊无显著差异,但胸围明显提高,分别达到72.54cm、72.12cm和71.85cm,差异显著(P<0.05)。结果证实,以杜波、特克赛尔及萨福克肉羊作为父本对当地藏羊进行杂交改良,F1代适应性好,杂种优势明显,放牧采食能力较强,在日增重、生长发育和体型外貌等方面较当地藏羊均有显著提升和改善,养殖效益明显高于当地藏羊。

Efficacy evaluation of high-frequency ultrasound in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with α-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine package treatment

Objective:To use high-frequency ultrasound to evaluate the efficacy ofα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),so as to provide a basis for clinical medication and evaluation of therapeutic effect.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2019,110 patients with DPN who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into observation group and control group according to different treatment plans.The control group was treated withα-lipoic acid,and the observation group was treated withα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine encapsulation treatment,and used high-frequency ultrasound,nerve conduction velocity and serological examination to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the two treatment methods.Results:The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE)value of the observation group and the control group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05);After treatment,the SCV of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Similar to SCV,the MCV of the three nerves measured after treatment in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared between the groups after treatment,the three kinds of nerve SCV and MCV in the observation group were significantly faster than those in the control group(P<0.05).The cross-sectional area(CSA)value of the ulnar nerve,median nerve and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared with the control group after treatment,the three nerves CSA in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Abnormal ultrasound performance:The proportion of abnormal ultrasound performances of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).The composition ratio of internal echo reduction and ambiguity in the observation group after three nerve treatments was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).In the correlation analysis,the three kinds of nerve CSA before and after treatment were negatively correlated with SCV and amplitude(P<0.05),and positively correlated with latency(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination ofα-lipoic acid and Chinese medicine encapsulation technology has a good effect on the treatment and repair of DPN nerve damage,and can be routinely applied in clinical treatment.High-frequency ultrasound can intuitively observe changes in peripheral nerves and can be used to evaluate the prognosis of DPN.

Analysis of the characteristics of diabetic peripheral nerve damage by high frequency ultrasound combined with QTT

Objective: High frequency ultrasound combined with policy thermal perception testing (QTT) was used to analyze the characteristics of nerve damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and then provided the basis for the clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment of DPN. Methods: A total of 110 DPN patients admitted to the hospital from December 2015 to May 2018 were selected, and the characteristics of nerve damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy were analyzed by ultrasound and QTT. Results: In the results of QTT, the abnormal proportion of the CDT, WDT, CPT and HPT of the lower limbs in DPN's were all higher than the upper limbs;The difference of WDT and HPT in the age and course groups of patients in the upper limbs was statistically significant, the abnormal proportion of WDT and HPT in patients aged 60 years or above or with a course of 10 years or more were all above 45%, higher than those in other groups. The patients with larger mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) were significantly higher than those with smaller MAGE, regardless of the abnormal proportion of WDT and HPT observed in upper limbs, lower limbs or upper and lower limbs;The results of ultrasonic measurement of nerve cross sectional area showed: the proportion of patients with ulnar nerve and median nerve abnormally thickened in the high age group (≥45 years) and the long course group (>10 years) was significantly higher than that in the low age group (<45 years) and the short course group (<10 years), the proportion of patients with larger MAGE with abnormal enlargement of median nerve was significantly higher than those with smaller MAGE. The thickening of ulnar nerve, median nerve and peroneal nerve was obvious in the patients of MAGE > 4 mmol/L. Conclusion: (1) The main nerve damage in DPN patients was thermal sensation damage, and the lower limb nerve was more vulnerable than the upper limb nerve. (2) The incidence of ulnar and median nerve damage was higher in patients aged 45 years and older or over 10 years of course. (3) Patients with large MAGE (> 4 mmo/L) had higher incidence of median nerve damage. The above characteristics of nerve damage can provide basis for clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment of DPN.

An Outbreak of Serogroup Y Meningococcal Meningitis in a Private Secondary Vocational School-Guangzhou City,Guangdong Province,China,2023

What is already known about this topic?The inclusion of meningococcal vaccines in the National Immunization Program(NIP)over several years has significantly reduced the incidence of meningococcal meningitis in China to historic lows.Worldwide,there has been a diversification of meningococcal serogroups,leading to a shift in dominant serogroups in China from serogroup A to serogroups C and B,accompanied by a rise in reports of serogroups Y and W.What is added by this report?An outbreak of serogroup Y Neisseria meningitidis(Nm)in a secondary vocational school involved a single confirmed severe case and 24 individuals with laboratory-confirmed Nm carriage.Epidemiological investigation revealed that the outbreak was localized to the classroom of the confirmed case.Prolonged close contact within a confined space was identified as a significant risk factor for Nm transmission.The genotype sequence identified was type 1655(ST-1655),which is categorized under clonal complex 23(CC-23)and bears resemblance to 8 previously confirmed cases of serogroup Y meningococcal meningitis within Guangdong Province.This suggests that serogroup Y infections continue to sporadically emerge and have become prevalent strains.What are the implications for public health practice?This outbreak underscores the critical need to enhance surveillance of meningococcal serogroups and population carrier,and advocate for vaccination with MenY-containing vaccines.

基于组学的作物杂种优势研究进展

杂种优势,又称杂种活力,是指来源于物种内不同品种或者不同物种间杂交后代在生物产量、生长势以及育性等方面均优于亲本的现象。目前对于杂种优势形成的遗传机制一直停留在假说层面。分子标记技术的飞速发展为杂种优势的遗传机制研究提供了新的途径,在不同作物中,已证实显性、超显性和上位性效应对杂种优势的形成均有贡献。随着基因组、转录组、蛋白组等多组学技术及表观遗传学技术的兴起,为在全基因组水平研究杂种优势提供了机会,更有利于从不同角度对杂种优势形成的遗传基础进行全面解析。本研究从杂种优势位点定位,杂交种相对于亲本的转录组水平,蛋白质水平及表观调控改变等方面进行了概述,为全面深入理解杂种优势及更好地研究、利用杂种优势提供帮助。