Molecular mechanism and research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignant tumors in the male genitourinary system,ranking second in incidence worldwide.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),as an important component of complementary and alternative medicine,shows unique advantages in cancer treatment.Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of multiple ingredients and involves multiple signaling pathways,which showed function of inducing apoptosis of cancer cells,arresting the cell cycle,inhibiting invasion and metastasis,reducing drug resistance,and regulating immune function.Physical therapy is also an important treatment of TCM.Currently,Physical therapy such as acupuncture or Tai Chi and Qigong are gaining increased recognition in the management of PCa,particularly in addressing issues like urinary incontinence and bone metastasis-related pain.This article reviews the TCM treatment and therapy of PCa,in order to provide new research avenues and treatment options for the treatment of PCa with TCM and improve the quality of life of patients.

不同因素对咸鸭蛋“黑黄”产生的影响

为分析影响盐腌鸭蛋中“黑黄”产生的因素,本实验通过色度值和金属离子含量测定以及蛋白质组学分析,对比“黑黄”咸蛋和正常咸蛋不同部位的差异,初步确定与“黑黄”形成有关的因素,再通过单因素试验进一步研究这些因素对黑黄形成程度和速率的影响。结果表明,Fe、Cu含量越高,蛋黄色度值越小,“黑黄”越黑,推测卵黄高磷蛋白中Fe2+与S2-结合形成的硫化物是使蛋黄变黑的原因,半胱氨酸的降解脱硫是蛋黄产硫的主要原因。微生物浓度、温度、pH值是影响黑黄产生的主要因素,鸭蛋载菌量和腌制温度越高,黑黄率越高;pH7.0~8.0范围内均可产生H2S,其中pH7.5时产气速率最快。综上,可以推测“黑黄”是由蛋黄内硫元素与铁元素之间的变色反应造成,腌制过程中的温度、pH值以及鸭蛋本身的载菌量对“黑黄”现象均有较大影响。

减菌处理对鸭蛋壳内外菌群组成及功能的影响

该文探索了减菌处理对鸭蛋壳内外菌落组成及咸蛋黑黄率的影响。对鸭蛋使用不同熏蒸清洗剂进行熏蒸、清洗及不同温度下临储,比较减菌前后鸭蛋壳内外菌落总数变化,基于16S rRNA基因测序和PICRUSt基因功能预测研究减菌处理对鸭蛋壳外菌群的影响,在35℃下泥包法腌制咸蛋,统计咸蛋黑黄率。结果表明,熏蒸处理可以显著抑制壳外菌落向壳内迁移,有效控制壳内菌落总数,熏蒸两次效果优于一次;清洗处理可将壳外菌落总数降低至检测限以下;低温储藏可在7 d内控制壳内外菌落总数增殖。联合熏蒸-清洗-低温的减菌处理可以显著降低壳内外菌落总数,抑制其迁移,控制壳内菌落总数。16S rRNA基因测序发现减菌处理可以显著减少壳外变形菌门和嗜冷杆菌属比例,PICRUSt基因功能预测发现减菌处理后微生物在脂质氧化通路、氨基酸转运和代谢通路上的活跃度显著降低。减菌后咸蛋蛋黄黑化率显著降低,证明了减菌处理能有效减少壳外菌群数以及抑制蛋黄黑黄的发生,表明鸭蛋加工前减菌的重要性和必要性。

咸鸭蛋黄品质劣化分析与调控技术的研究进展

鸭蛋经食盐腌制加工成的咸蛋,是我国传统蛋制品之一,蛋黄质量好坏常被用来评价咸蛋的品质。鸭蛋盐渍过程中蛋黄黑化和泥化是影响咸蛋品质的劣化现象,该研究从蛋黄颜色劣变造成的蛋黄黑化现象和质地过度软化劣变造成的蛋黄泥化现象两个方面介绍了蛋品加工过程中品质劣变的表征及影响因素,重点综述了类似的蛋、肉、蔬菜等食品硫化致黑和氧化致软两种品质劣变的机制和控制技术及其效果。为鸭蛋加工的标准化、工业化以及安全化生产咸蛋提供理论支持。

急性脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后神经功能和预后与血生化常见指标的相关性分析

目的探讨急性脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后神经功能、预后与血清尿酸、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的相关性。方法选择2020年1月至2022年12月于长沙市第一医院神经重症监护室收治的行溶栓治疗的急性脑梗死患者220例,根据溶栓后3个月改良的Rankin量表(mRS)评分分为预后不良组91例(mRS评分>2分)和预后良好组129例(mRS评分≤2分)。比较2组血清尿酸、Hcy及LDL-C水平,分析其与患者溶栓后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分相关性、对溶栓后预后不良的预测价值。结果与溶栓前比较,2组溶栓后1、3 d血清尿酸、Hcy、LDL-C水平及NIHSS评分明显降低,且溶栓后3 d血清尿酸、Hcy水平及NIHSS评分明显低于溶栓后1 d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。预后不良组溶栓后1、3 d血清尿酸、Hcy、LDL-C水平及NIHSS评分明显高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。Person相关性分析显示,溶栓后1、3 d血清尿酸、Hcy、LDL-C水平与NIHSS评分呈正相关(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,溶栓后1 d血清尿酸、Hcy、LDL-C曲线下面积分别为0.707(95%CI:0.639~0.776)、0.800(95%CI:0.739~0.860)、0.624(95%CI:0.550~0.698),溶栓后3 d血清尿酸、Hcy、LDL-C曲线下面积分别为0.655(95%CI:0.583~0.726)、0.730(95%CI:0.664~0.795)、0.573(95%CI:0.497~0.649)。结论急性脑梗死溶栓后预后不良患者血清尿酸、Hcy及LDL-C水平呈升高趋势,还与神经损伤程度存在关系,溶栓后1 d指标水平对溶栓后不良预后有较好的预测价值。

Regulatory potential of soil available carbon,nitrogen,and functional genes on N_(2)O emissions in two upland plantation systems

Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil N_(2)O emissions.In this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underlying the impacts of these upland plantings on soil N_(2)O emissions.The results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average N_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg N ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,respectively.These values were comparable to the N_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg N ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil N_(2)O emissions in the two rotation systems.Strong positive correlations were found between N_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to NO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation systems.Moreover,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil N_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,respectively.This implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial N_(2)O production in various upland plantation models.By using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on N_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation system.In the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on N_(2)O emissions.These findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including soil physical characteristics,available carbon and nitrogen,and their ratio,on soil N_(2)O emissions during upland cultivation seasons under rice-upland rotations.

纤维缠绕角度对复材缠绕管的轴向抗压性能影响分析

在对海洋环境下新型复合材料约束混凝土构件的研究和应用中,不同纤维缠绕角对复材缠绕管轴向压缩性能的影响不可忽视,为此在实验室中分别对纤维缠绕角为45°、60°和80°的玻璃纤维复合材料管开展了轴向压缩试验,分析了三种不同纤维缠绕角度对其轴向压缩性能的影响。结果表明:通过采用一种实用新型简易的试验装置,能够精确测量复材管的轴向受压性能:随着纤维缠绕角的变小,复材管的轴向压缩弹性模量从9.64 GPa提高到13.07 GPa,泊松比从0.13提高到0.74。

以水压试验分析纤维缠绕角度对GFRP管力学性能的影响

基于海洋环境中长期受压的钢筋混凝土桥梁墩柱易发生开裂和锈蚀的特点,工程中越来越多地应用纤维增强复合材料(FRP)对桥梁墩柱进行加固处理。实践表明FRP纤维缠绕角度的大小对其能起到的加固效果存在一定的差异。为更好地探究纤维缠绕角度与力学性能的关系,对45°、60°和80°三组不同缠绕角度的玻璃纤维复合材料(GFRP)圆管进行水压加载试验,通过收集应力-应变数据计算不同角度下GFRP圆管的环向弹性模量。结果表明:随着纤维缠绕角度的增大,GFRP管的环向弹性模量由8.85 GPa提高到38.16 GPa,对钢筋混凝土墩柱的加固效果更好。

牵引供电技术研究现状及关键性技术

我国电气化铁路里程稳居世界第一。牵引供电系统作为电气化铁路的能量心脏,其整体性能的优劣直接影响铁路的安全、稳定、经济运营。我国现有牵引供电系统面临着严重的电能质量问题,以及大量电分相制约列车速度等问题。为此,本文针对既有的分相供电系统与发展中的同相供电系统,分别从工作原理、发展现状、面临问题、关键技术等方面进行系统地梳理归纳。通过分析现有研究的成果以及不足之处,总结出构建新一代牵引供电系统仍需完善的关键性技术与未来研究趋势。希望为相关领域学者进行更深入的研究提供借鉴与参考。

Town gas daily load forecasting based on machine learning combinatorial algorithms:A case study in North China

Timely and accurate gas load forecasting is critical for optimal scheduling under tight winter gas supply conditions.Under the background of the implementation of“coal-to-gas”for winter heating in rural areas of North China and the sufficient field research,this paper proposes a correction algorithm for daily average temperature based on the cumulative effect of temperature and a set of combined forecasting models for gas load forecasting based on machine learning and introduces its application through a detailed case study.In order to solve the problems of forecasting performance degradation and complexity increase caused by too many influencing factors,a combined forecasting model back-propagation-improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive-noise-gated recurrent unit based on residual sequence analysis is proposed.Back propagation(BP)neural network is used to analyze the main influencing factors,so that the secondary influencing factors are reflected in the residual sequence generated by the forecasting.After decomposition,reconstruction,and re-forecast,the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of the combined models for the daily gas load in the case study has been controlled under 1.9%,which is significantly improved compared with each single algorithm.The forecasting error before and after the temperature correction are also compared.It is found that the MAPE with the temperature correction is reduced by 1.7%,which reflects the effectiveness of the temperature correction to eliminate the impact of temperature cumulative effect and its contribution to the improvement of the forecasting accuracy for the combined forecasting models.

Activatable fluorescent probes for imaging and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that is primarily manifested as synovitis and polyarticular opacity and typically leads to serious joint damage and irreversible disability,thus adversely affecting locomotion ability and life quality.Consequently,good prognosis heavily relies on the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic monitoring of RA.Activatable fluorescent probes play vital roles in the detection and imaging of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and in vivo imaging.Herein,we review the fluorescent probes developed for the detection and imaging of RA biomarkers,namely reactive oxygen/nitrogen species(hypochlorous acid,peroxynitrite,hydroxyl radical,nitroxyl),pH,and cysteine,and address the related challenges and prospects to inspire the design of novel fluorescent probes and the improvement of their performance in RA studies.

Enhanced measurement precision with continuous interrogation during dynamical decoupling

Dynamical decoupling(DD)is normally ineffective when applied to DC measurement.In its straightforward implementation,DD nulls out DC signal as well while suppressing noise.This work proposes a phase relay method that is capable of continuously interrogating the DC signal over many DD cycles.We illustrate its efficacy when applied to the measurement of a weak DC magnetic field with an atomic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate.Sensitivities approaching standard quantum limit or Heisenberg limit are potentially realizable for a coherent spin state or a squeezed spin state of 10000 atoms,respectively,while ambient laboratory level noise is suppressed by DD.Our work offers a practical approach to mitigate the limitations of DD to DC measurement and would find other applications for resorting coherence in quantum sensing and quantum information processing research.

In situ calibrated angle between the quantization axis and the propagating direction of the light field for trapping neutral atoms

The recently developed magic-intensity trapping technique of neutral atoms efficiently mitigates the detrimental effect of light shifts on atomic qubits and substantially enhances the coherence time. This technique relies on applying a bias magnetic field precisely parallel to the wave vector of a circularly polarized trapping laser field. However, due to the presence of the vector light shift experienced by the trapped atoms, it is challenging to precisely define a parallel magnetic field, especially at a low bias magnetic field strength, for the magic-intensity trapping of85Rb qubits. In this work, we present a method to calibrate the angle between the bias magnetic field and the trapping laser field with the compensating magnetic fields in the other two directions orthogonal to the bias magnetic field direction. Experimentally, with a constantdepth trap and a fixed bias magnetic field, we measure the respective resonant frequencies of the atomic qubits in a linearly polarized trap and a circularly polarized one via the conventional microwave Rabi spectra with different compensating magnetic fields and obtain the corresponding total magnetic fields via the respective resonant frequencies using the Breit–Rabi formula. With known total magnetic fields, the angle is a function of the other two compensating magnetic fields.Finally, the projection value of the angle on either of the directions orthogonal to the bias magnetic field direction can be reduced to 0(4)° by applying specific compensating magnetic fields. The measurement error is mainly attributed to the fluctuation of atomic temperature. Moreover, it also demonstrates that, even for a small angle, the effect is strong enough to cause large decoherence of Rabi oscillation in a magic-intensity trap. Although the compensation method demonstrated here is explored for the magic-intensity trapping technique, it can be applied to a variety of similar precision measurements with trapped neutral atoms.

Charge self-consistent dynamical mean field theory calculations incombination with linear combination of numerical atomic orbitalsframework based density functional theory

We present a formalism of charge self-consistent dynamical mean field theory(DMFT)in combination with densityfunctional theory(DFT)within the linear combination of numerical atomic orbitals(LCNAO)framework.We implementedthe charge self-consistent DFT+DMFT formalism by interfacing a full-potential all-electron DFT code with threehybridization expansion-based continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo impurity solvers.The benchmarks on several 3d,4fand 5f strongly correlated electron systems validated our formalism and implementation.Furthermore,within the LCANOframework,our formalism is general and the code architecture is extensible,so it can work as a bridge merging differentLCNAO DFT packages and impurity solvers to do charge self-consistent DFT+DMFT calculations.

Willingness to Pay for Antiretroviral Drugs Covered by Medical Insurance among People Living with HIV in 18 Chinese Cities

Objective Antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance have been gradually used by people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)in recent years in China.This study aimed to analyze their willingness to pay(WTP)for antiretroviral drugs.Methods A mixed-methods study design involving a cross-sectional survey and in-depth interviews was conducted.A cross-sectional survey was performed to collect data on the general characteristics,economic status,antiretroviral therapy(ART)status,and WTP of PLWH in 18 Chinese cities from August 2022 to February 2023.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with WTP.Representatives of PLWH were interviewed via in-depth interviews,and the data were thematically analyzed.Results Among the 941 PLWH,271(28.80%)were willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.For basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:an educational level of senior high school or technical secondary school,having an undergraduate degree or higher,frequently working away from their hometowns,and homosexual transmission.Off-farm workers and recipients of government medical aid were more unwilling to pay.For basic medical insurance for urban employees,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:frequently working away from their hometowns;homosexual transmission;personal annual income≥100,000 CNY;and adverse events of antiretroviral drugs.The main reasons for PLWH’s WTP for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance were that the drugs had fewer adverse events and were easier to administer.The main reasons for PLWH’s unwillingness to pay were financial difficulties and privacy concerns.Conclusion Nearly one-third of PLWH are willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.In the future,PLWH with a high WTP can be guided to use these drugs.

Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the organism.Among its various forms,skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of bones.Osteoarthritis(OA)is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage,subchondral bone,and synovium.The subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint loads.Recent findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone,resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in OA.The skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in OA.In this review,we offer a general overview of interoception,specifically skeletal interoception,subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral remedeling.We also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA,as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.

基于LASSO回归和QRLSTM的来水预测方法研究

精准的河流断面来水流量预测对于水资源配置管理、洪水预警和防灾减灾、生态保护和水力发电工程规划有着重要意义。为了提高单一来水流量预测模型的预测精度,采用LASSO回归算法结合分位数回归长短期记忆神经网络(QRLSTM)以及核密度估计(KDE)算法,提出了一种来水流量预测方法(LASSO-QRLSTM)。首先采用LASSO回归从高维来水特征向量中提取关键的解释变量,以降低解释变量与被解释变量之间非线性关系的复杂程度;接着建立QRLSTM来水流量预测模型,以获得不同分位点下的分位数预测值;进而利用KDE拟合概率密度函数,获得未来的来水流量可能值以及相应的概率,得出最终预测结果。将提出的模型应用于广东省西江关键断面和高要水文站的来水流量预测,并与LASSO-QRNN、LASSO-GBDT、QRLSTM、QRNN、GBDT模型进行对比。结果表明:(1)结合LASSO回归的混合预测模型预测效果均好于单一的QRLSTM、QRNN、GBDT模型。(2)提出的LASSO-QRLSTM模型在对思贤滘断面流量预测中的RMSE为1 804.270 m^(3)/s,NSE值达0.973;在概率性指标方面,LASSO-QRLSTM模型的连续分级概率评分(CRPS)和弹球损失(PL)值分别为842.618和465.964,各项评价指标均为最佳,在对比模型中表现出最好的预测效果,特别是在极值处具有更好的拟合效果和更窄的概率预测区间,表现出该模型在河流来水流量预测中的独特优势。(3)在后续对高要水文站来水流量的预测中,其预测性能得到进一步验证,展现出良好的适应性和稳定性。研究成果可为精准的水文预测和水资源优化配置提供参考。

国产新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗原检测试剂盒的性能比较

目的探讨不同国产新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗原检测试剂盒的阳性符合率、阴性符合率及最低检测限的差异。方法为准确衡量产品的性能,选择具有代表性的16个国产新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗原检测试剂盒,分别检测国家参考品中的阳性参考品、阴性参考品和最低检测限参考品,得出阳性符合率、阴性符合率和最低检测限并分析结果。结果16个新冠抗原检测试剂盒的阳性符合率和阴性符合率均为100%;16个新冠抗原检测试剂盒的最低检测限结果呈梯度分布。结论新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗原检测试剂盒的检测方法学及原材料不同影响试剂盒最低检测限检测结果。

融合多策略改进的克隆选择算法

针对克隆选择算法(CSA)解决复杂优化问题时存在的效率低下、收敛速度慢以及容易陷入局部最优等不足,提出了一种融合多策略改进的克隆选择算法(MSICSA)。首先,引入Sobol序列初始化种群,丰富种群多样性,并提高算法整体稳定性;其次,引入正余弦优化策略加强算法全局搜索能力,避免陷入局部最优而导致算法停滞;最后,引入动态浓度调节策略,调节算法在不同时期搜索空间内的抗体浓度,控制算法加强前期全局搜索以及后期局部寻优能力,并提高算法收敛速度。文中利用12种CEC测试函数及4种算法对MSICSA进行测试及对比,消融实验证明了改进策略的有效性,扰动实验验证了文中算法的稳定性与鲁棒性,对比仿真以及几项实验均表明MSICSA能够有效提升收敛速度和寻优精度,并提高跳出局部最优的能力。

Characteristics and mechanisms of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue aging

Aging is one of the most significant health challenges worldwide and is a primary cause of chronic diseases and physiological decline.Among the myriad changes that occur with aging,alterations in adipose tissue distribution and function have gained considerable attention because of their profound impact on metabolic health and overall well-being.Subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT)and visceral adipose tissue(VAT)are the two major depots of white adipose tissue,each with distinct roles in metabolism and health.Understanding the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of SAT and VAT is crucial for elucidating the aging process and developing strategies to promote healthy aging.This review focuses on delineating and analyzing the characteristics and intrinsic mechanisms underlying the aging of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue during the aging process,which can contribute to a better understanding of the aging process and enhance healthy aging.