Rapid progress of an iris metastasis from esophageal cancer:a case report and review of literature

This case report details a rare instance of rapid iris metastasis from esophageal cancer in a 59-year-old man.A literature review was conducted to explore recent advances in detecting,diagnosing,and treating intraocular metastatic malignancies.Positron emission tomographycomputed tomography played a crucial role in identifying primary sites and systemic metastases.Local treatment combined with systemic therapy effectively reduced tumor size,preserved useful vision,and improved the patient’s survival rate.A comparison was made of the characteristics of iris metastases from esophageal cancer and lung cancer,including age,gender,tumor characteristics,and treatment.The challenges associated with diagnosis and treatment are discussed,highlighting the implications for clinical practice.

Prognostic significance of oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 expression in glioma patients:A systematic review and metaanalys

BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common primary central nervous system neoplasm.Despite recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas,patient prognosis remains dismal.Therefore,it is imperative to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of glioma to effectively improve treatment outcomes.AIM To investigate the association between oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2(Olig2)expression and the outcomes of glioma patients.METHODS The PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched for studies(published up to October 2023)that investigated the relationship between Olig2 expression and prognosis of glioma patients.The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.Data analyses were performed using Stata Version 12.0 software.RESULTS A total of 1205 glioma patients from six studies were included in the metaanalysis.High Olig2 expression was associated with better outcomes in glioma patients[hazard ratio(HR):0.81;95%(confidence interval)CI:0.51-1.27;P=0.000].Furthermore,the results of subgroup meta-analysis showed that high expression of Olig2 was associated with poor overall survival in European patients(HR:1.34;95%CI:0.79-2.27)and better prognosis in Asian patients(HR:0.43;95%CI:0.22-0.84).The sensitivity analysis showed that no single study had a significant effect on pooled HR,and there was also no indication of publication bias according to the Egger’s and Begger’s P value test or funnel plot test.CONCLUSION High Olig2 expression may have a positive impact on the prognosis of glioma patients,and should be investigated further as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for glioma.

Collective flow and nuclear stopping in heavy ion collisions in Fermi energy domain

The effects of the in-medium nucleon-nucleon(NN) elastic cross section on the observables in heavy ion collisions in the Fermi energy domain are investigated within the framework of the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model. The results simulated using medium correction factors of F=σ_(NN)^(in-medium)/σ_(NN)^(free)=0.2,0.3,0.5,and the density-and momentum-dependent factor obtained from the FU3 FP1 parametrization are compared with the FOPI and INDRA experimental data. It is found that the calculations using the correction factors F=0.2 and 0.5 reproduce the experimental data(i.e.,collective flow and nuclear stopping) at 40 and 150 MeV/nucleon, respectively. Calculations with the FU3 FP1 parametrization can best fit these experimental data. These conclusions can be confirmed in both^(197)Au+^(197)Au and^(129)Xe+^(120)Sn.

Effects of sequential decay on collective flows and nuclear stopping power in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies

In this study, the rapidity distribution, collective flows, and nuclear stopping power in ^(197)Au+^(197)Au collisions at intermediate energies were investigated using the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics(UrQMD) model with GEMINI++ code. The UrQMD model was adopted to simulate the dynamic evolution of heavy-ion collisions, whereas the GEMINI++ code was used to simulate the decay of primary fragments produced by UrQMD. The calculated results were compared with the INDRA and FOPI experimental data. It was found that the rapidity distribution, collective flows, and nuclear stopping power were affected to a certain extent by the decay of primary fragments, especially at lower beam energies. Furthermore, the experimental data of the collective flows and nuclear stopping power at the investigated beam energies were better reproduced when the sequential decay effect was included.

Clinical application of combined detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and nucleic acid

BACKGROUND The global outbreak of human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)-2 infection represents an urgent need for readily available,accurate and rapid diagnostic tests.Nucleic acid testing of respiratory tract specimens for SARS-CoV-2 is the current gold standard for diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the diagnostic accuracy of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid may be lower than optimal.The detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies should be used as a serological non-invasive tool for the diagnosis and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection.AIM To investigate the diagnostic value of SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG and nucleic acid detection in COVID-19.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 652 suspected COVID-19 patients,and 206 non-COVID-19 patients in Wuhan Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital.Data on SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests and serum antibody tests were collected to investigate the diagnostic value of nucleic acid RT-PCR test kits and immunoglobulin(Ig)M/IgG antibody test kits.The j2 test was used to compare differences between categorical variables.A 95%confidence interval(CI)was provided by the Wilson score method.All analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0(IBM Corp.,Armonk,NY,United States).RESULTS Of the 652 suspected COVID-19 patients,237(36.3%)had positive nucleic acid tests,311(47.7%)were positive for IgM,and 592(90.8%)were positive for IgG.There was a significant difference in the positive detection rate between the IgM and IgG test groups(P<0.001).Using the RT-PCR results as a reference,the specificity,sensitivity,and accuracy of IgM/IgG combined tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection were 98.5%,95.8%,and 97.1%,respectively.Of the 415 suspected COVID-19 patients with negative nucleic acid test results,366 had positive IgM/IgG tests with a positive detection rate of 88.2%.CONCLUSION Our data indicate that serological IgM/IgG antibody combined test had high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection,and can be used in combination with RT-PCR for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Indirect neutron radiography experiment on dummy nuclear fuel rods for pressurized water reactors at CMRR

Nuclear energy is a vital source of clean energy that will continue to play an essential role in global energy production for future generations.Nuclear fuel rods are core components of nuclear power plants,and their safe utilization is paramount.Due to its inherent high radioactivity,indirect neutron radiography(INR)is currently the only viable technology for irradiated nuclear fuel rods in the field of energy production.This study explores the experimental technique of indirect neutron computed tomography(INCT)for radioactive samples.This project includes the development of indium and dysprosium conversion screens of different thicknesses and conducts resolution tests to assess their performance.Moreover,pressurized water reactor(PWR)dummy nuclear fuel rods have been fabricated by self-developing substitute materials for cores and outsourcing of mechanical processing.Experimental research on the INR is performed using the developed dummy nuclear fuel rods.The sparse reconstruction technique is used to reconstruct the INR results of 120 pairs of dummy nuclear fuel rods at different angles,achieving a resolution of 0.8 mm for defect detection using INCT.

Impact of minimally invasive surgery on immune function and stress response in gastric cancer patients

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally.Traditional open surgery for gastric cancer is often associated with significant morbidity and prolonged recovery.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery as an alternative to traditional open surgery for gastric cancer,focusing on its potential to reduce trauma,accelerate recovery,and achieve comparable oncological out-comes.METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed 203 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery at the Shanghai Health Medical College Affiliated Chongming Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023.The patients were divided into two groups:Minimally invasive surgery group(n=102),who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy,and open surgery group(n=101),who underwent traditional open gastrectomy.We compared surgical indicators(surgical incision size,intraop-erative blood loss,surgical duration,and number of lymph nodes dissected),recovery parameters(time to first flatus,time to start eating,time to ambulation,and length of hospital stay),immune function(levels of IgA,IgG,and IgM),intestinal barrier function(levels of D-lactic acid and diamine oxidase),and stress response(levels of C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and procalcitonin).RESULTS The minimally invasive surgery group demonstrated significantly better outcomes in terms of surgical indicators,including smaller incisions,less blood loss,shorter surgery time,and more lymph nodes dissected(P<0.05 for all).Recovery was also faster in the minimally invasive surgery group,with earlier return of bowel function,earlier initiation of diet,quicker mobilization,and shorter hospital stays(P<0.05 for all).Furthermore,patients in the minimally invasive surgery group had better preserved immune function,superior intestinal barrier function,and a less pronounced stress response postoperatively(P<0.05 for all).CONCLUSION Laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer not only provides superior surgical indicators and faster recovery but also offers advantages in preserving immune function,protecting intestinal barrier function,and mitigating the stress response compared to traditional open surgery.These findings support the broader adoption of laparoscopic techniques in the management of gastric cancer.

血清IL-6联合淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值对严重烧伤患儿脓毒血症诊断及预后评估的价值

目的探讨血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)联合淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值(LMR)对严重烧伤患儿脓毒血症诊断及预后评估的临床意义。方法回顾性分析郑州大学附属儿童医院和郑州市第一人民医院2015年12月—2020年6月收治的78例重度及以上烧伤患儿的临床资料,收集患儿入院时、伤后7 d、伤后14 d、伤后21 d的血常规及血清IL-6结果。根据患儿是否出现脓毒血症,分为脓毒血症组与非脓毒血症组;根据患儿预后结局,分为生存组和死亡组。同时综合考虑患儿性别、年龄、烧伤总面积(TBSA)、是否伴有吸入性损伤、是否行机械通气等指标,比较不同组之间的差异;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线预测伤后7 d及伤后14 d IL-6联合LMR对脓毒血症的诊断价值;Kaplan-Meier法预测IL-6及LMR对严重烧伤患儿生存率的影响。结果脓毒血症组与非脓毒血症组患儿是否伴有吸入性损伤、是否行机械通气、TBSA、淋巴细胞绝对数及伤后7 d、伤后14 d、伤后21 d IL-6水平和LMR比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);生存组与死亡组是否行机械通气、有无脓毒血症、TBSA、IL-6水平和LMR比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);IL-6与TBSA呈正相关(P<0.05),LMR与TBSA呈负相关(P<0.05);伤后7 d ROC曲线分析结果显示,IL-6联合LMR诊断脓毒血症的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.767,敏感性为93.9%,特异性为59.3%,比单独IL-6诊断更有效(P<0.05);伤后14 d IL-6联合LMR的AUC为0.713,敏感性为93.9%,特异性为69.0%,比单独IL-6诊断更有效(P<0.05);Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示,伤后7 d低LMR组和高LMR组患儿住院期间总生存率分别为54.0%和94.8%,伤后14 d低LMR组和高LMR组患儿住院期间总生存率分别为25.0%和98.4%。伤后7 d低IL-6组和高IL-6组严重烧伤患儿住院期间的总生存率分别为98.0%和55.6%,伤后14 d低IL-6组和高IL-6组总生存率分别为100.0%和45.8%。结论对严重烧伤患儿,伤后7 d、伤后14 d IL-6联合LMR对脓毒血症诊断及患儿预后评估具有更好的临床指导意义。

金属材料电弧熔丝增材制造研究现状与质量改进方法

电弧熔丝增材制造(WAAM)是一种增材制造技术,近年来在工业上有很大的发展潜力。总结目前WAAM的研究现状和面临的挑战,并提出质量改进的方法。综述WAAM在表面质量、成形精度、显微组织、力学性能、残余应力和变形、孔隙及其他缺陷等方面的研究现状。从前处理、在线处理和后处理3个方面总结消除缺陷、改善显微组织和提高力学性能的方法。WAAM的广泛应用仍然存在许多挑战,可能需要从多个角度出发来实现WAAM的工业化应用。路径规划和切片算法的开发、在线监测系统与现有WAAM设备的结合、后处理技术的复合等将是未来的重点研究方向。

Analysis of spatio-temporal evolution of droughts in Luanhe River Basin using different drought indices

Based on the monthly precipitation and air temperature from 1960 to 1989 in the Luanhe River Basin, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index （SPEI） and standardized precipitation index （SPI） at three- and six-month time scales and the self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index （sc-PDSI） were calculated to evaluate droughts in the study area. Temporal variations of the drought severity from 1960 to 1989 were analyzed and compared based on the results of different drought indices, and some typical drought events were identified. Spatial distributions of the drought severity according to the indices were also plotted and investigated. The results reveal the following： the performances of different drought indices are closely associated with the drought duration and the dominant factors of droughts; the SPEI is more accurate than the SPI when both evaporation and precipitation play important roles in drought events; the drought severity shown by the sc-PDSI is generally milder than the actual drought severity from 1960 to 1989; and the evolution of the droughts is usually delayed according to the scPDSI. This study provides valuable references for building drought early warning and mitigation systems in the Luanhe River Basin.

Role of the dressed and bound states on below-threshold harmonic generation of He atom

High-order harmonic generation below ionization threshold of He atom in the laser field is investigated by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrodinger equation. An angular momentum-dependent model potential of He atom was used for getting the accurate energy levels of singlet states. The satellite-peak structures of the below-threshold harmonic generation(BTHG) of He are observed. We analyze the emission properties of the BTHG by employing a synchrosqueezing transform technique. We find that the satellite-peak structures have two types related to two kinds of transitions. One is the transition of the dressed states of the excited states, the other is the transition between the excited states and the ground state in the field-free case. Furthermore, our results show that the maximum Stark shift of the 2 p state is about 0.9 Up(penderomotive energy), and that of the 4 p state is about 1.0 Up. It indicates that the energy difference between some satellite-and main-peaks of the BTHG can be used to measure the maximum Stark shift of the excited states of He atom in the laser field.

Key Role of CD151-integrin Complex in Lung Cancer Metastasis and Mechanisms Involved

Tetraspanin CD151 was found to be upregulated in malignant cell types and has been identified as a tumor metastasis promoter.In this study,we aimed to examine the role of the CD151-integrin complex in lung cancer metastasis and the underlying mechanisms.CD151 QRD194–196→AAA194–196 mutant was generated and used to transfect A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.We found that there was no significant difference in CD151 protein expression between CD151 and CD151-AAA mutant groups.In vitro,CD151-AAA mutant delivery abrogated the migration and invasion of A549 cells,which was promoted by CD151 gene transfer.Furthermore,CD151-AAA delivery failed to activate FAK and p130Cas signaling pathways.Western blot and immunohistochemical staining showed strong CD151 expression in lung cancerous tissues but not in adjacent normal tissues.Increased level of CD151 protein was observed in 20 of the patients and the positive rate of CD151 protein in specimens was 62.5%(20/32).In addition,CD151 was co-localized withα3 integrin at the cell-cell contact site in carcinoma tissues.These results suggested that the disruption of the CD151-α3 integrin complex may impair the metastasis-promoting effects and signaling events induced by CD151 in lung cancer.Our findings identified a key role for CD151-α3 integrin complex as a promoter in the lung cancer.

Low-order harmonic generation of hydrogen molecular ion in laser field studied by the two-state model

The low-order harmonic generation of hydrogen molecular ion interacting with a linearly polarized laser field has been investigated theoretically by using a simple two-state model. The validity of the two-state model is carefully examined by comparing the harmonic spectra of hydrogen molecular ion obtained from this model with those from the three-dimensional time-dependent Schr¨odinger equation. When combined with the Morlet transform of quantum time-frequency spectrum,the two-state model can be used to study the dynamical origin of the low-order harmonic generation of hydrogen molecular ion driven by low-frequency pulses. In addition, some interesting structures of the time profiles for low order harmonics are obtained.

Probing subcycle spectral structures and dynamics of high-order harmonic generation in crystals

Subcycle spectral structures and dynamics of high-order harmonic generation(HHG)processes of atoms and molecules driven by intense laser fields on the attosecond time scale have been originally studied theoretically and ex-perimentally.However,the time scale of HHG dynamics in crystals is in the order of sub-femtosecond,and the carrier dynamics of HHG in crystals driven by subcycle laser pulses are largely unexplored.Here we perform a theoretical study of subcycle structures,spectra,and dynamics of HHG of crystals in mid-infrared laser fields subject to excitation by a subcycle laser pulse with a time delay.The HHG spectra as a function of time delay between two laser fields are cal-culated by using a single-band model for the intra-band carrier dynamics in crystal momentum space and by solving the time-dependent Schr?dinger equation in velocity gauge for the treatment of multi-band crystal systems.The results exhibit a complex time-delay-dependent oscillatory pattern,and the enhancement and suppression of the HHG related to subcycle pulse are observed at the given time delay in either single-band or multi-band crystal systems.To understand oscillation structures with respect to the dependence for the subcycle laser fields,the time-frequency characteristics of the HHG as well as the probability density distribution of the radiation are analyzed in detail.

Multiphoton quantum dynamics of many-electron atomic and molecular systems in intense laser fields

We present the recent new developments of time-dependent Schrödinger equation and time-dependent density-functional theory for accurate and efficient treatment of the electronic structure and time-dependent quantum dynamics of many-electron atomic and molecular systems in intense laser fields.We extend time-dependent generalized pseudospectral(TDGPS)numerical method developed for time-dependent wave equations in multielectron systems.The TDGPS method allows us to obtain highly accurate time-dependent wave functions with the use of only a modest number of spatial grid point for complex quantum dynamical calculations.The usefulness of these procedures is illustrated by a few case studies of atomic and molecular processes of current interests in intense laser fields,including multiphoton ionization,above-threshold ionization,high-order harmonic generation,attosecond pulse generation,and quantum dynamical processes related to multielectron effects.We conclude this paper with some open questions and perspectives of multiphoton quantum dynamics of many-electron atomic and molecular systems in intense laser fields.

Chlorinated Perylene Monoimide Monoanhydrate Synthesized via Hydrolysis and Its Application in Organic Solar Cells

Perylene-3,4-(dicarboxylic monoimide)-9,10-(dicarboxylic monoanhydrate)(PIA)is one key intermediate to construct functionalized perylene diimides(PDIs)for various applications.However,the difficulty in synthesizing chlorinated PIA hinders the study of chlorinated PDIbased materials.Although chlorination has been widely used to modify the properties of organic semiconductors.We successfully synthesize chlorinated PIA via a simple hydrolysis reaction using LiOH as the base,then a PDI dimer connected at the imide position,N-di-PDI-4Cl,is synthesized as an application example of chlorinated PIA.The heavily chlorinated PDI dimer exhibits deeper energy levels,slightly blue-shifted UV-Vis absorption compared to the non-chlorinated analogue.In addition,the photovoltaic performance of N-di-PDI-4Cl is characterized.This study paves one easy way to synthesize chlorinated PIA and its more delicate derivatives.

Synthesis of Diverse 1,4-(Azaindole)[60] fullerenes via Transition- Metal Free Three-Component Coupling Reaction of Azaindoles, C_(60), and Bromoalkanes/Triphenylamines

A transition-metal free three-component coupling reaction of azaindoles,C_(60),and bromoalkanes/triphenylamines has been developed to provide an efficient access to diverse azaindole functionalized 1,4-C_(60) adducts.This protocol exhibits low cost,operational simplicity,wide substrate scope,and mild and convenient conditions.

PandA(Box)flies on Bluesky:maintainable and user-friendly fly scans with Mamba at HEPS

Purpose Fly scans are indispensable in many experiments at the High Energy Photon Source(HEPS).PandABox,the main platform to implement fly scans at HEPS,needs to be integrated into Mamba,the experiment control system developed at HEPS based on Bluesky.Methods In less than 600 lines of easily customisable and extensible backend code,provided are full control of PandABox’s TCP server in native ophyd,automated configuration(also including wiring)of“PandA blocks”for constant-speed mapping experiments of various dimensions,as well as generation of scans deliberately fragmented to deal with hardware limits in numbers of exposure frames or sequencer table entries.Results The upper-level control system for PandABox has been ported to Bluesky,enabling the combination of both components’flexibility in fly-scan applications.Based on this backend,a user-friendly Mamba frontend is developed for X-ray fluorescence(XRF)mapping experiments,which provides fully online visual feedback.

Preliminary assessment of high-entropy alloys for tritium storage

Tritium is the key fuel in nuclear fusion reactors.With the development of the international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER)project,the annual requirement of tritium has increased up to several kilograms.The candidate materials for tritium storage have many shortcomings such as insufficient kinetic performance,disproportionation effect,poor oxidation resistance,and poor helium(He)retaining ability.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a novel material system which satisfies all the requirements of tritium storage materials.High-entropy alloys(HEAs)have a unique structure of severe lattice distortion and have attracted much attention as hydrogen storage materials due to their high storing capacity and great hydrogenation performance.The distorted lattice helps to provide more interstitial sites for accommodating H atoms and enhance the He retaining ability by slowing down the He diffusion in the HEA lattice.In this work,the current research status of tritium storage materials,including the background and the basic criterion of tritium storage materials,as well as the disadvantages of the current materials,has been reviewed.Moreover,the theoretical and experimental studies of HEAs,focusing on the hydrogenation properties and the defect evolution in the distorted lattice,have been summarized.The HEAs may have great potential as tritium storage materials due to their potential hydrogenation performance and He retaining ability.Finally,the existing challenges and future development directions are also proposed.

Effect of ceramic work rolls on surface roughness of rolled SUS304 ultra-thin strips

Surface morphology and roughness are important parameters of surface quality of cold-rolled ultra-thin strip steel.In order to study the effect of Si_(3)N_(4) ceramic work rolls on the surface roughness of SUS304 ultra-thin strip,ABAQUS finite element model calculation,3D laser profilometry,and other methods were adopted based on the physical characteristics of Si_(3)N_(4) ceramic roll and 9Cr2MoV steel roll,like anti-flattening performance and oil wettability.The surface morphology and roughness of SUS304 ultra-thin strip rolled by different material work rolls under oil lubrication conditions were measured.The results showed that under the rolling force of 10 kN,the maximum flattening amount of Si_(3)N_(4) ceramic roll was reduced by 35.14%compared to that of 9Cr2MoV steel roll.The reduction rate of SUS304 ultra-thin strip rolled by ceramic roll was 34.19%,while that rolled by steel roll was only 22%;Si_(3)N_(4) ceramic roll can further increase the number of alternating convex peaks and concave valleys in the rolled thin strip,reduce the profile steepness,reduce surface roughness,and enhance the planarization effect of surface micro-convex bodies,with improving surface quality and surface glossiness.Finally,the mechanism of Si_(3)N_(4) ceramic roll significantly improving the surface roughness of rolled SUS304 ultra-thin strip was proposed.