Amplitude analysis of the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)

Using e^(+)e^(−)annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb^(−1)taken at the center-of-mass energy√s=3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector,a joint amplitude analysis is performed on the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η).The fit fractions of individual components are obtained,and large interferences among the dominant components of the decays D^(0)→a_(1)(1260)π,D^(0)→π(1300)π,D^(0)→ρ(770)ρ(770),and D^(0)→2(ππ)_(S)are observed in both channels.With the obtained amplitude model,the CP-even fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are determined to be(75.2±1.1_(stat).±1.5_(syst.))%and(68.9±1.5_(stat).±2.4_(syst.))%,respectively.The branching fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are measured to be(0.688±0.010_(stat.)±0.010_(syst.))%and(0.951±0.025_(stat.)±0.021_(syst.))%,respectively.The amplitude analysis provides an important model for the binning strategy in measuring the strong phase parameters of D^(0)→4πwhen used to determine the CKM angleγ(ϕ_(3))via the B^(−)→DK^(−)decay.

Determination of the number ofψ(3686)events taken at BESⅢ

The number ofψ(3686)events collected by the BESⅢdetector during the 2021 run period is determined to be(2259.3±11.1)×10~6 by counting inclusiveψ(3686)hadronic events.The uncertainty is systematic and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.Meanwhile,the numbers ofψ(3686)events collected during the 2009 and 2012run periods are updated to be(107.7±0.6)×10~6 and(345.4±2.6)×10~6,respectively.Both numbers are consistent with the previous measurements within one standard deviation.The total number ofψ(3686)events in the three data samples is(2712.4±14.3)×10~6.

Similarities in the penetration depth of concrete impacted by rigid projectiles

Similarity can reflect common laws in the mechanism of rigid-body penetration.In this paper,the similarities in rigid-body penetration depth are demonstrated by three non-dimensional but physically meaningful quantities,i.e.,ρkinetic,I∗ln and N′1.These three quantities represent the non-dimensional areal density of projectile kinetic energy,the effect of nose geometry,and the friction at the interactive cross section between projectile and target respectively.It is shown that experimental data of rigid projectile penetration,from shallow to deep penetration,can be uniquely unified by these three similarity quantities and their relationships.Furthermore,for ogival nose projectiles,their penetration capacities are dominated byρkinetic,which is consisted by non-dimensional effective length Leff and non-dimensional quantity Dpn=ρpv20AY which has the same form as Johnson’s damage number.On the sacrifice of minor theoretical accuracy,the non-dimensional penetration depth P/d can be understood as directly controlled by Dpn,enhanced by projectile effective length Leff under a multiplication relation,and optimized by projectile nose geometry in the formation of I∗ln.

Numerical study on the resistance of rigid projectiles penetrating into semi-infinite concrete targets

A study on the resistance of rigid projectiles penetrating into semi-infinite concrete targets is performed in this paper.Experimental data are analyzed to examine the penetration resistance during various stages of the penetration process.A numerical tool using AUTODYN hydrocode is applied in the study.The numerical results on both deceleration-time history and depth of penetration of projectiles are in good agreement with experimental data,which demonstrate the feasibility of the numerical model in these conditions.Based on the numerical model with a two-staged pre-drilled hole,the rigid projectile penetration in tunneling stage is studied for concrete targets with different strengths in a wide range of impact velocities.The results show that the penetration in tunnel stage can be divided into two different cases in terms of initial impact velocity.In the first case,when the impact velocity is approximately less than 600 m/s,the deceleration depends on initial impact velocity.In the second case,when the impact velocity is greater than 600 m/s,the effect of target inertia becomes apparent,which agrees with commonly used concrete penetration resistance equations based on cavity expansion model.