加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是基于循证医学证据的多模式围术期优化措施,旨在促进患者早日康复。根据患者个体化需求,ERAS提倡通过缩短禁食禁饮时间、取消机械性肠道准备、改良手术技术、优化麻醉方案、减少阿...加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是基于循证医学证据的多模式围术期优化措施,旨在促进患者早日康复。根据患者个体化需求,ERAS提倡通过缩短禁食禁饮时间、取消机械性肠道准备、改良手术技术、优化麻醉方案、减少阿片类止痛药的使用等围术期优化措施减轻患者手术应激反应,降低术后并发症发生率。其中术前胃肠道准备方案的变革是ERAS的焦点问题,该理念提倡术前6 h禁食,术前2 h禁饮,非肠道手术取消机械性肠道准备,这与多年来的传统观念相悖,在临床实践中遇到一定阻碍。文章现对近几年ERAS术前胃肠道准备方案在国内外的应用现状,以及临床实践中遇到的问题与对策进行综述。展开更多
The(001) oriented BiFeO_3 thin film was deposited on the Nb: SrTiO_3 substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology, and the bipolar resistive switching effect was observed in the BiFeO_3/Nb: SrTiO_3 het...The(001) oriented BiFeO_3 thin film was deposited on the Nb: SrTiO_3 substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology, and the bipolar resistive switching effect was observed in the BiFeO_3/Nb: SrTiO_3 heterostructure. The results showed that the ratio between the high resistance and low resistance was more than two orders at a reading pulse of-0.5 V and it exhibited excellent retention over 3600 s. The current density-voltage characteristic was dominated by the space-charge-limited conduction. The resistive switching effect of the structure was attributed to the trapping/detrapping of the charge carriers.展开更多
The main purpose of this paper is using the analytic methods to study a limit problem involving the F Smarandache square complementary number Ssc(n), and obtain its limit value.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61201046 and 61306057)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.4162013,2132023 and 4164082)+2 种基金the Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation(No.2015ZZ-33)the Scientific Research Project of Beijing Educational Committee(No.KM201610005005)the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry
文摘The(001) oriented BiFeO_3 thin film was deposited on the Nb: SrTiO_3 substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology, and the bipolar resistive switching effect was observed in the BiFeO_3/Nb: SrTiO_3 heterostructure. The results showed that the ratio between the high resistance and low resistance was more than two orders at a reading pulse of-0.5 V and it exhibited excellent retention over 3600 s. The current density-voltage characteristic was dominated by the space-charge-limited conduction. The resistive switching effect of the structure was attributed to the trapping/detrapping of the charge carriers.
基金Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10671055)
文摘The main purpose of this paper is using the analytic methods to study a limit problem involving the F Smarandache square complementary number Ssc(n), and obtain its limit value.