目的分析人HIV阳性与HIV阴性猴痘患者的临床和影像特征,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2023年6月1日至11月30日首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院收治住院的36例确诊猴痘患者的临床和影像资料,按照是否合并HIV感染分为HIV阳性组和HIV...目的分析人HIV阳性与HIV阴性猴痘患者的临床和影像特征,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2023年6月1日至11月30日首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院收治住院的36例确诊猴痘患者的临床和影像资料,按照是否合并HIV感染分为HIV阳性组和HIV阴性组。观察比较两组人群临床和影像特征。结果36例猴痘患者均为男性且为男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM),平均年龄(31.5±6.4)岁;HIV阳性组28例,HIV阴性组8例。主要表现为皮疹、发热、淋巴结肿大。皮疹的首发部位(24例,66.7%)和最主要的分布部位(30例,83.3%)均为生殖器和肛门,以丘疹和脓疱疹为主。合并其他性传播性疾病14例(38.9%,14/36);合并细菌感染21例(58.3%,21/36),主要为皮肤软组织感染和肛周感染。影像检查结果异常者均为HIV阳性组患者。4例(11.1%,4/36)肺炎CT表现以磨玻璃影、实变、多发结节为主;2例并发肠梗阻,影像表现以胃肠道扩张为主,2例直肠炎表现为直肠壁增厚,肠腔狭窄。两组患者的流行病学资料、临床特征、皮疹分布及性质和实验室检查结果比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论36例猴痘患者以青壮年MSM人群为主,且多为HIV感染者;生殖器和肛周是皮疹首发和最多发部位,溃疡样皮疹仅见于HIV感染者;轻症患者预后良好,重症患者可合并细菌性感染、肠梗阻和直肠炎。并发肺炎者CT主要表现为实变和磨玻璃影,并可见两肺多发、随机分布的实性结节。展开更多
藏东-川西生态维护水源涵养区位于西南高山峡谷区北部,是中国典型的生态脆弱区,生态系统抗干扰能力差,对气候变化的反应敏感。产水量是生态系统服务中的一项重要功能,研究产水量空间分布特征及其影响因子对该地区水资源保护、涵养,开发...藏东-川西生态维护水源涵养区位于西南高山峡谷区北部,是中国典型的生态脆弱区,生态系统抗干扰能力差,对气候变化的反应敏感。产水量是生态系统服务中的一项重要功能,研究产水量空间分布特征及其影响因子对该地区水资源保护、涵养,开发和利用有重要意义。基于2000—2020年地表覆盖产品、气候、基岩深度、土壤和地形等数据,运用InVEST模型Annual Water Yield模块模拟了藏东-川西地区产水量;结合地理探测器(GDM)分析了造成产水量空间分异的各因子的解释能力;对q>0.1的因子引入多尺度地理加权回归(MGWR)分析它们对研究区不同地理位置产水量的影响程度,并运用Theil-Sen趋势分析、Mann-Kendall显著性检验得到了产水量及其主导因素时空变化特征;同时利用Hurst指数预测了未来短期内产水量上升或下降趋势和评估了研究时段内产水量在不同空间位置的波动水平。结果表明:1)降水量和产水量空间分布在研究区内呈现“东西高,中部低”的分布格局,岷江流域降水量为最大,金沙江流域蒸散水平最高,怒江流域产水量领先其余三个流域;2)除降水量和蒸散发外,藏东-川西地区产水量主要影响因子有气候因子(年均湿度和年均风速)、地形因子(高程)、土壤类型、植被因子(归一化植被指数和净初级生产力)与社会因子(地表覆盖类型和人类活动强度指数);其中降水量、蒸散发、高程、归一化植被指数、净初级生产力和地表覆盖类型是产水量的主导影响因素。3)降水、高程与人类活动强度指数对产水服务的影响有较强的正向作用,而蒸散发、归一化植被指数和净初级生产力展现出较强的负向作用。4)研究区南部区域产水量波动水平高。在未来短期内,研究区95.30%的区域有下降趋势。5)藏东-川西地区不应将盲目提升人工植被覆盖度作为提高产水量首要方案,应注意对天然林的保护和预防石漠化。展开更多
The adsorption and separation of diols from dilute aqueous solution using hydrophobic materials is very challenging due to the strong diol-water hydrogen-bonding interactions. Herein, we screened hydrophobic zeolitic ...The adsorption and separation of diols from dilute aqueous solution using hydrophobic materials is very challenging due to the strong diol-water hydrogen-bonding interactions. Herein, we screened hydrophobic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs) with chabazite(CHA) topology for separation of 2,3-butanediol(2,3-BDO) and 1,3-propanediol(1,3-PDO), which had junctional and hydrophobic traps matching the two end methyl groups of the 2,3-BDO molecule. Based on CHA-ZIFs with the same small-sized ligand 2-methylimidazole(mIm) and different large-sized ligand benzimidazole derivatives(RbIm),CHA-ZIFs with larger surface areas were obtained by the addition of excess small-sized ligand mIm in the synthesis process. We showed that all of the hydrophobic CHA-ZIFs preferentially adsorbed 2,3-BDO over 1,3-PDO by static batch adsorption and dynamic column adsorption experiments. But ZIF-301 and ZIF-300 with halogen groups exhibited better adsorptive separation performance for 2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO than ZIF-302 with methyl groups. For a typical ZIF-301, its adsorption capacity for 2,3-BDO was 116.4 mg·g^(-1)and selectivity for 2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO was 3.8 in dynamic column adsorption of the binary-component system(2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO: 50 g·L^(-1)/50 g·L^(-1)). Computational simulations revealed that 2,3-BDO preferentially adsorbed in a trap at the junction between the cha and d6r cages of CHA-ZIFs,meaning the strong host-guest interactions. Therefore, the hydrophobic CHA-ZIFs with a junctional trap were promising candidate materials for adsorbing 2,3-BDO, which also provided a new perspective for separating diols in dilute aqueous solutions.展开更多
The driving effects of climate change and human activities on vegetation change have always been a focal point of research.However,the coupling mechanisms of these driving factors across different temporal and spatial...The driving effects of climate change and human activities on vegetation change have always been a focal point of research.However,the coupling mechanisms of these driving factors across different temporal and spatial scales remain controversial.The Southwestern Alpine Canyon Region of China(SACR),as an ecologically fragile area,is highly sensitive to the impacts of climate change and human activities.This study constructed a vegetation cover dataset for the SACR based on the Enhanced Vegetation Index(EVI)from 2000 to 2020.Spatial autocorrelation,Theil-Sen trend,and Mann-Kendall tests were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of vegetation cover changes.The main drivers of spatial heterogeneity in vegetation cover were identified using the optimal parameter geographic detector,and an improved residual analysis model was employed to quantify the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to interannual vegetation cover changes.The main findings are as follows:Spatially,vegetation cover exceeds 60%in most areas,especially in the southern part of the study area.However,the border area between Linzhi and Changdu exhibits lower vegetation cover.Climate factors are the primary drivers of spatial heterogeneity in vegetation cover,with temperature having the most significant influence,as indicated by its q-value,which far exceeds that of other factors.Additionally,the interaction q-value between the two factors significantly increases,showing a relationship of bivariate enhancement and nonlinear enhancement.In terms of temporal changes,vegetation cover shows an overall improving trend from 2000 to 2020,with significant increases observed in 68.93%of the study area.Among these,human activities are the main factors driving vegetation cover change,with a relative contribution rate of 41.31%,while climate change and residual factors contribute 35.66%and 23.53%,respectively.By thoroughly exploring the coupled mechanisms of vegetation change,this study provides important references for the sustainable management and conservation of the vegetation ecosystem in the SACR.展开更多
The early diagnosis of cancer is vital for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Tumor biomarkers, which can be used for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cancer, have emerged as a top...The early diagnosis of cancer is vital for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Tumor biomarkers, which can be used for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cancer, have emerged as a topic of intense research interest in recent years. Nucleic acid, as a type of tumor biomarker, contains vital genetic information, which is of great significance for the occurrence and development of cancer. Currently, living cell nucleic acid probes, which enable the in situ imaging and dynamic monitoring of nucleic acids, have become a rapidly developing field. This review focuses on living cell nucleic acid probes that can be used for the early diagnosis of tumors. We describe the fundamental design of the probe in terms of three units and focus on the roles of different nanomaterials in probe delivery.展开更多
文摘目的分析人HIV阳性与HIV阴性猴痘患者的临床和影像特征,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析2023年6月1日至11月30日首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院收治住院的36例确诊猴痘患者的临床和影像资料,按照是否合并HIV感染分为HIV阳性组和HIV阴性组。观察比较两组人群临床和影像特征。结果36例猴痘患者均为男性且为男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM),平均年龄(31.5±6.4)岁;HIV阳性组28例,HIV阴性组8例。主要表现为皮疹、发热、淋巴结肿大。皮疹的首发部位(24例,66.7%)和最主要的分布部位(30例,83.3%)均为生殖器和肛门,以丘疹和脓疱疹为主。合并其他性传播性疾病14例(38.9%,14/36);合并细菌感染21例(58.3%,21/36),主要为皮肤软组织感染和肛周感染。影像检查结果异常者均为HIV阳性组患者。4例(11.1%,4/36)肺炎CT表现以磨玻璃影、实变、多发结节为主;2例并发肠梗阻,影像表现以胃肠道扩张为主,2例直肠炎表现为直肠壁增厚,肠腔狭窄。两组患者的流行病学资料、临床特征、皮疹分布及性质和实验室检查结果比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论36例猴痘患者以青壮年MSM人群为主,且多为HIV感染者;生殖器和肛周是皮疹首发和最多发部位,溃疡样皮疹仅见于HIV感染者;轻症患者预后良好,重症患者可合并细菌性感染、肠梗阻和直肠炎。并发肺炎者CT主要表现为实变和磨玻璃影,并可见两肺多发、随机分布的实性结节。
文摘藏东-川西生态维护水源涵养区位于西南高山峡谷区北部,是中国典型的生态脆弱区,生态系统抗干扰能力差,对气候变化的反应敏感。产水量是生态系统服务中的一项重要功能,研究产水量空间分布特征及其影响因子对该地区水资源保护、涵养,开发和利用有重要意义。基于2000—2020年地表覆盖产品、气候、基岩深度、土壤和地形等数据,运用InVEST模型Annual Water Yield模块模拟了藏东-川西地区产水量;结合地理探测器(GDM)分析了造成产水量空间分异的各因子的解释能力;对q>0.1的因子引入多尺度地理加权回归(MGWR)分析它们对研究区不同地理位置产水量的影响程度,并运用Theil-Sen趋势分析、Mann-Kendall显著性检验得到了产水量及其主导因素时空变化特征;同时利用Hurst指数预测了未来短期内产水量上升或下降趋势和评估了研究时段内产水量在不同空间位置的波动水平。结果表明:1)降水量和产水量空间分布在研究区内呈现“东西高,中部低”的分布格局,岷江流域降水量为最大,金沙江流域蒸散水平最高,怒江流域产水量领先其余三个流域;2)除降水量和蒸散发外,藏东-川西地区产水量主要影响因子有气候因子(年均湿度和年均风速)、地形因子(高程)、土壤类型、植被因子(归一化植被指数和净初级生产力)与社会因子(地表覆盖类型和人类活动强度指数);其中降水量、蒸散发、高程、归一化植被指数、净初级生产力和地表覆盖类型是产水量的主导影响因素。3)降水、高程与人类活动强度指数对产水服务的影响有较强的正向作用,而蒸散发、归一化植被指数和净初级生产力展现出较强的负向作用。4)研究区南部区域产水量波动水平高。在未来短期内,研究区95.30%的区域有下降趋势。5)藏东-川西地区不应将盲目提升人工植被覆盖度作为提高产水量首要方案,应注意对天然林的保护和预防石漠化。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278289 and 21822808)the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar of Shanxi Province(202303021223002)the Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province(202204051001009).
文摘The adsorption and separation of diols from dilute aqueous solution using hydrophobic materials is very challenging due to the strong diol-water hydrogen-bonding interactions. Herein, we screened hydrophobic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIFs) with chabazite(CHA) topology for separation of 2,3-butanediol(2,3-BDO) and 1,3-propanediol(1,3-PDO), which had junctional and hydrophobic traps matching the two end methyl groups of the 2,3-BDO molecule. Based on CHA-ZIFs with the same small-sized ligand 2-methylimidazole(mIm) and different large-sized ligand benzimidazole derivatives(RbIm),CHA-ZIFs with larger surface areas were obtained by the addition of excess small-sized ligand mIm in the synthesis process. We showed that all of the hydrophobic CHA-ZIFs preferentially adsorbed 2,3-BDO over 1,3-PDO by static batch adsorption and dynamic column adsorption experiments. But ZIF-301 and ZIF-300 with halogen groups exhibited better adsorptive separation performance for 2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO than ZIF-302 with methyl groups. For a typical ZIF-301, its adsorption capacity for 2,3-BDO was 116.4 mg·g^(-1)and selectivity for 2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO was 3.8 in dynamic column adsorption of the binary-component system(2,3-BDO/1,3-PDO: 50 g·L^(-1)/50 g·L^(-1)). Computational simulations revealed that 2,3-BDO preferentially adsorbed in a trap at the junction between the cha and d6r cages of CHA-ZIFs,meaning the strong host-guest interactions. Therefore, the hydrophobic CHA-ZIFs with a junctional trap were promising candidate materials for adsorbing 2,3-BDO, which also provided a new perspective for separating diols in dilute aqueous solutions.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF1302903).
文摘The driving effects of climate change and human activities on vegetation change have always been a focal point of research.However,the coupling mechanisms of these driving factors across different temporal and spatial scales remain controversial.The Southwestern Alpine Canyon Region of China(SACR),as an ecologically fragile area,is highly sensitive to the impacts of climate change and human activities.This study constructed a vegetation cover dataset for the SACR based on the Enhanced Vegetation Index(EVI)from 2000 to 2020.Spatial autocorrelation,Theil-Sen trend,and Mann-Kendall tests were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of vegetation cover changes.The main drivers of spatial heterogeneity in vegetation cover were identified using the optimal parameter geographic detector,and an improved residual analysis model was employed to quantify the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to interannual vegetation cover changes.The main findings are as follows:Spatially,vegetation cover exceeds 60%in most areas,especially in the southern part of the study area.However,the border area between Linzhi and Changdu exhibits lower vegetation cover.Climate factors are the primary drivers of spatial heterogeneity in vegetation cover,with temperature having the most significant influence,as indicated by its q-value,which far exceeds that of other factors.Additionally,the interaction q-value between the two factors significantly increases,showing a relationship of bivariate enhancement and nonlinear enhancement.In terms of temporal changes,vegetation cover shows an overall improving trend from 2000 to 2020,with significant increases observed in 68.93%of the study area.Among these,human activities are the main factors driving vegetation cover change,with a relative contribution rate of 41.31%,while climate change and residual factors contribute 35.66%and 23.53%,respectively.By thoroughly exploring the coupled mechanisms of vegetation change,this study provides important references for the sustainable management and conservation of the vegetation ecosystem in the SACR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52373161,51973217)Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program (20200201330JC, 20200201075JC, JJKH20201029KJ)The First Hospital of Jilin University Cross Disciplinary Program (2022YYGFZJC002)。
文摘The early diagnosis of cancer is vital for effective treatment and improved prognosis. Tumor biomarkers, which can be used for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cancer, have emerged as a topic of intense research interest in recent years. Nucleic acid, as a type of tumor biomarker, contains vital genetic information, which is of great significance for the occurrence and development of cancer. Currently, living cell nucleic acid probes, which enable the in situ imaging and dynamic monitoring of nucleic acids, have become a rapidly developing field. This review focuses on living cell nucleic acid probes that can be used for the early diagnosis of tumors. We describe the fundamental design of the probe in terms of three units and focus on the roles of different nanomaterials in probe delivery.
