采用数据独立采集蛋白质组学技术分析4℃冷藏6 d的原料乳差异蛋白质组成及其生物学功能。冷藏过程中,共鉴定到902种蛋白质。其中,冷藏前期(d 0 vs d 3)和冷藏后期(d 3 vs d 6)分别筛选出70种和71种差异表达蛋白。生物信息学分析发现冷...采用数据独立采集蛋白质组学技术分析4℃冷藏6 d的原料乳差异蛋白质组成及其生物学功能。冷藏过程中,共鉴定到902种蛋白质。其中,冷藏前期(d 0 vs d 3)和冷藏后期(d 3 vs d 6)分别筛选出70种和71种差异表达蛋白。生物信息学分析发现冷藏前期差异蛋白具有对神经生长因子的刺激反应和细胞组织的调控等功能,主要参与了细胞的生物学过程;冷藏后期差异蛋白具有碳水化合物代谢过程和RNA代谢过程的调节等功能,主要参与了糖代谢途径。蛋白-蛋白互作网络分析表明,细胞分裂控制蛋白42同源物(CDC42)是两个冷藏阶段共有的关键节点蛋白,该蛋白与细胞的吞噬作用密切相关。上述结果揭示了冷藏过程中的蛋白质组成差异和功能的多样性,为原料乳的冷藏提供了理论依据,对原料乳的质量控制具有重要意义。展开更多
Lithium sulfur(Li-S)battery is a kind of burgeoning energy storage system with high energy density.However,the electrolyte-soluble intermediate lithium polysulfides(Li PSs)undergo notorious shuttle effect,which seriou...Lithium sulfur(Li-S)battery is a kind of burgeoning energy storage system with high energy density.However,the electrolyte-soluble intermediate lithium polysulfides(Li PSs)undergo notorious shuttle effect,which seriously hinders the commercialization of Li-S batteries.Herein,a unique VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterostructure with local built-in electric field was rationally engineered from V_(2)C parent via a facile thermal selenization process.It exquisitely synergizes the strong affinity of V_(2)C with the effective electrocatalytic activity of VSe_(2).More importantly,the local built-in electric field at the heterointerface can sufficiently promote the electron/ion transport ability and eventually boost the conversion kinetics of sulfur species.The Li-S battery equipped with VSe_(2)/V_(2)C-CNTs-PP separator achieved an outstanding initial specific capacity of 1439.1 m A h g^(-1)with a high capacity retention of 73%after 100 cycles at0.1 C.More impressively,a wonderful capacity of 571.6 mA h g^(-1)was effectively maintained after 600cycles at 2 C with a capacity decay rate of 0.07%.Even under a sulfur loading of 4.8 mg cm^(-2),areal capacity still can be up to 5.6 m A h cm^(-2).In-situ Raman tests explicitly illustrate the effectiveness of VSe_(2)/V_(2)C-CNTs modifier in restricting Li PSs shuttle.Combined with density functional theory calculations,the underlying mechanism of VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterostructure for remedying Li PSs shuttling and conversion kinetics was deciphered.The strategy of constructing VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterocatalyst in this work proposes a universal protocol to design metal selenide-based separator modifier for Li-S battery.Besides,it opens an efficient avenue for the separator engineering of Li-S batteries.展开更多
The complex permittivity of baijiu varies with frequency,and dielectric spectroscopy has been used to evaluate the quality.To simplify the analysis and reduce the number of the parameters,a dielectric relaxation model...The complex permittivity of baijiu varies with frequency,and dielectric spectroscopy has been used to evaluate the quality.To simplify the analysis and reduce the number of the parameters,a dielectric relaxation model is often used to fit the permittivity data.However,existing fitting methods such as the least squares and particle swarm optimization methods are often computationally complex and require preset initial values.Therefore,a simpler calculation method of the relaxation parameters considering the geometric characteristics of the permittivity spectrum is proposed.It is based on the relationship between the Cole-Cole relaxation parameters and the Cole-Cole diagram,which is fitted by a geometric method.First,the concepts of the Cole-Cole parameters and the diagram are introduced,and then the process of obtaining the parameters from the complex permittivity measurement data is explained.Taking baijiu with 56%alcohol by volume(ABV)as an example,the fitting is better than the least squares method and similar to the particle swarm optimization.This method is then used for the parameter fitting of baijiu with ABV of 42-52%,and the average error is less than 1%,demonstrating its wider applicability.Finally,a prediction model is used for baijiu with 53%ABV,and the error is only 1.51%.Hence,the method can be applied to the measurement of ABV of baijiu.展开更多
文摘采用数据独立采集蛋白质组学技术分析4℃冷藏6 d的原料乳差异蛋白质组成及其生物学功能。冷藏过程中,共鉴定到902种蛋白质。其中,冷藏前期(d 0 vs d 3)和冷藏后期(d 3 vs d 6)分别筛选出70种和71种差异表达蛋白。生物信息学分析发现冷藏前期差异蛋白具有对神经生长因子的刺激反应和细胞组织的调控等功能,主要参与了细胞的生物学过程;冷藏后期差异蛋白具有碳水化合物代谢过程和RNA代谢过程的调节等功能,主要参与了糖代谢途径。蛋白-蛋白互作网络分析表明,细胞分裂控制蛋白42同源物(CDC42)是两个冷藏阶段共有的关键节点蛋白,该蛋白与细胞的吞噬作用密切相关。上述结果揭示了冷藏过程中的蛋白质组成差异和功能的多样性,为原料乳的冷藏提供了理论依据,对原料乳的质量控制具有重要意义。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072099)the Joint Guidance Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.LH2022E093)the Team Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.TD2021E005)。
文摘Lithium sulfur(Li-S)battery is a kind of burgeoning energy storage system with high energy density.However,the electrolyte-soluble intermediate lithium polysulfides(Li PSs)undergo notorious shuttle effect,which seriously hinders the commercialization of Li-S batteries.Herein,a unique VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterostructure with local built-in electric field was rationally engineered from V_(2)C parent via a facile thermal selenization process.It exquisitely synergizes the strong affinity of V_(2)C with the effective electrocatalytic activity of VSe_(2).More importantly,the local built-in electric field at the heterointerface can sufficiently promote the electron/ion transport ability and eventually boost the conversion kinetics of sulfur species.The Li-S battery equipped with VSe_(2)/V_(2)C-CNTs-PP separator achieved an outstanding initial specific capacity of 1439.1 m A h g^(-1)with a high capacity retention of 73%after 100 cycles at0.1 C.More impressively,a wonderful capacity of 571.6 mA h g^(-1)was effectively maintained after 600cycles at 2 C with a capacity decay rate of 0.07%.Even under a sulfur loading of 4.8 mg cm^(-2),areal capacity still can be up to 5.6 m A h cm^(-2).In-situ Raman tests explicitly illustrate the effectiveness of VSe_(2)/V_(2)C-CNTs modifier in restricting Li PSs shuttle.Combined with density functional theory calculations,the underlying mechanism of VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterostructure for remedying Li PSs shuttling and conversion kinetics was deciphered.The strategy of constructing VSe_(2)/V_(2)C heterocatalyst in this work proposes a universal protocol to design metal selenide-based separator modifier for Li-S battery.Besides,it opens an efficient avenue for the separator engineering of Li-S batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(31801194)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital(CY2017-QN05),China.
基金financially supported by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.SJCX23_0099)。
文摘The complex permittivity of baijiu varies with frequency,and dielectric spectroscopy has been used to evaluate the quality.To simplify the analysis and reduce the number of the parameters,a dielectric relaxation model is often used to fit the permittivity data.However,existing fitting methods such as the least squares and particle swarm optimization methods are often computationally complex and require preset initial values.Therefore,a simpler calculation method of the relaxation parameters considering the geometric characteristics of the permittivity spectrum is proposed.It is based on the relationship between the Cole-Cole relaxation parameters and the Cole-Cole diagram,which is fitted by a geometric method.First,the concepts of the Cole-Cole parameters and the diagram are introduced,and then the process of obtaining the parameters from the complex permittivity measurement data is explained.Taking baijiu with 56%alcohol by volume(ABV)as an example,the fitting is better than the least squares method and similar to the particle swarm optimization.This method is then used for the parameter fitting of baijiu with ABV of 42-52%,and the average error is less than 1%,demonstrating its wider applicability.Finally,a prediction model is used for baijiu with 53%ABV,and the error is only 1.51%.Hence,the method can be applied to the measurement of ABV of baijiu.
