井下筒仓围岩整体结构加固拱的研究

冲击地压和高动能矸石冲击会导致井底原煤仓仓壁防护衬板损毁、钢筋混凝土失效和围岩塌陷。为解决大块矸石对衬板造成的损害,设计了预应力金属微晶陶瓷复合衬板,并与微膨胀高强度灌浆料以及围岩锚杆形成整体结构加固拱。这种设计不仅改善了锚固区域围岩的力学性能和应力状态,还控制了围岩的变形和破坏,并有效地抵御了冲击地压引起的剪涨扩容和围岩塌陷。通过建立膨胀应力与高强灌浆料膨胀率以及膨胀介质厚度因子之间的数学模型,为膨胀应力可设计性提供了一种方法。

Prostate cancer in Asia:A collaborative report

The incidence of prostate cancer(PCa)within Asian population used to be much lower than in the Western population;however,in recent years the incidence and mortality rate of PCa in some Asian countries have grown rapidly.This collaborative report summarized the latest epidemiology information,risk factors,and racial differences in PCa diagnosis,current status and new trends in surgery management and novel agents for castration-resistant prostate cancer.We believe such information would be helpful in clinical decision making for urologists and oncologists,health-care ministries and medical researchers.

Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha upregulates vascular endothelial growth factor C to promote lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in breast cancer patients

Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha （HIF-1α） affects many effector molecules and regulates tumor lymphangio- genesis and angiogenesis during hypoxia. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of HIF-1α in the regu- lation of vascular endothelial growth factor C （VEGF-C） expression and its effect on lymphangiogenesis and an- giogenesis in breast cancer. Lymphatic vessel density （LVD）, microvessel density （MVD） and the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF-C proteins were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 75 breast cancer samples. There was a significant correlation between HIF-1α and VEGF-C （P = 0.014, r = 0.273, Spearman＇s coefficient of correlation）. HIF-1α and VEGF-C overexpression was significantly correlated with higher LVD （P = 0.003 and P = 0.017, re- spectively）, regional lymph nodal involvement （P = 0.002 and P = 0.004, respectively） and advanced tumor, node, metastasis （TNM） classification （P = 0.001 and P = 0.01, respectively）. Higher MVD was observed in the group expressing higher levels of HIF-1α and VEGF-C （P = 0.033 and P = 0.037, respectively）. Univariate analysis showed shorter survival time in patients expressing higher levels of HIF-1α and VEGF-C. HIF-1α was also found to be an independent prognostic factor of overall survival in multivariate analysis. The results suggest that HIF-1α may affect VEGF-C expression, thus acting as a crucial regulator of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in breast cancer. This study highlights promising potential of HIF- 1α as a therapeutic target against tumor lymph node me- tastasis.

STAT3 mediates resistance of CD44^+CD24^(-/low) breast cancer stem cells to tamoxifen in vitro

We sought to determine whether STAT3 mediated tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer stem cells in vitro.The capacities for mammosphere formation and STAT3 expression of CD44＋CD24-/low MCF-7 and MCF-7 were observed.The CD44＋CD24-/low subpopulation ratio and its sensitivity to adriamycin were analyzed in MCF-7 and TAM resistant（TAM-R） cells.Cell cycle,apoptosis,STAT3 and phospho-STAT3 changes were observed af-ter treatment with tamoxifen.Small interference RNA-mediated knockdown of STAT3 in TAM-R cells was also performed.CD44＋CD24-/low MCF-7 showed higher capacities for mammosphere formation and STAT3 expression than total MCF-7.The CD44＋CD24-/low subpopulation was also upregulated in TAM-R cells with less sensitivity to adriamycin than MCF-7.Cell cycle changes,anti-apoptotic effects and STAT3 changes were also found.Mean-while,the knock-down of STAT3 in TAM-R resulted in an increase in sensitivity to tamoxifen.It is concluded that STAT3 plays an essential role in breast cancer stem cells,which correlated with tamoxifen resistance.

Molecular Design of Conjugated Small Molecule Nanoparticles for Synergistically Enhanced PTT/PDT

Simultaneous photothermal therapy(PTT)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)is beneficial for enhanced cancer therapy due to the synergistic effect.Conventional materials developed for synergistic PTT/PDT are generally multicomponent agents that need complicated preparation procedures and be activated by multiple laser sources.The emerging monocomponent diketopyrrolopyrrole(DPP)-based conjugated small molecular agents enable dual PTT/PDT under a single laser irradiation,but suffer from low singlet oxygen quantum yield,which severely restricts the therapeutic efficacy.Herein,we report acceptor-oriented molecular design of a donor-acceptor-donor(D-A-D)conjugated small molecule(IID-ThTPA)-based phototheranostic agent,with isoindigo(IID)as selective acceptor and triphenylamine(TPA)as donor.The strong D-A strength and narrow singlet-triplet energy gap endow IID-ThTPA nanoparticles(IID-ThTPA NPs)high mass extinction coefficient(18.2 L g^-1 cm^-1),competitive photothermal conversion efficiency(35.4%),and a dramatically enhanced singlet oxygen quantum yield(84.0%)comparing with previously reported monocomponent PTT/PDT agents.Such a high PTT/PDT performance of IID-ThTPA NPs achieved superior tumor cooperative eradicating capability in vitro and in vivo.

Air entrainment in a vertical dropshaft with limited air supply

Dropshafts are vertical structures widely used in urban drainage systems and buildings for water transportation.In this paper,a physical model study was conducted to investigate the air entrainment in the dropshaft under various flow regimes with and without air ventilation.Observed from the experiments,the air entrainment mechanisms varied with the water flow regimes in the dropshaft.When there was no water plug formed in the dropshaft,air could be supplied directly from downstream.Once the water plug was formed,while without venting,the air was replenished only from downstream intermittently and then in the form of large air bubble traveling upwards to the airspace at the top;while with venting,air was mainly replenished from the dropshaft top and no large air bubble was observed.The experimental results also showed that the amount of entrained air in the dropshaft with venting was greater than that without venting.

TRPA1 channel mediates organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy

OBJECTIVE We want to investigate the mechanism of organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy(OPIDN) and find appropriate therapeutic medicine.OPIDN,often leads to paresthesias,ataxia and paralysis,occurs in the late-stage of acute poisoning or after repeated exposures to organophosphate(OP) insecticides or nerve agents,and may contribute to the Gulf War Syndrome.METHODS FDSS Ca2^(+)-influx assays,single-cell calcium imaging and patch-clamp electrophysiology were the major testing techniques.Transfected HEK293 cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons were used to evaluate the effects of compounds.Wild type and trpa1 knockout mice and adult hyline brown hens were used to evaluate the neuropathological damages caused by the OPs.Transmission electron microscopy imaging was used to observe the nerve injuries ultrastructurally.High-throughput screen for TRPA1 inhibitors was accomplished by Ion Works Barracuda(IWB) automated electrophysiology assay.RESULTS TRPA1(Transient receptor potential cation channel,member A1) channel mediates OPIDN.A variety of OPs,exemplified by malathion,activates TRPA1 but not other neuronal TRP channels.Malathion increases the intracellular calcium levels and upregulates the excitability of mouse DRG neurons in vitro.Mice with repeated exposures to malathion also develop local tissue nerve injuries and pain-related behaviors,which resembles the early symptoms of OPIDN.Both the neuropathological changes and the nocifensive behaviors can be attenuated by treatment of TRPA1 antagonist HC030031 or abolished by knockout of Trpa1 gene.In the classic hens OPIDN model,malathion causes nerve injuries and ataxia to a similar level as the positive inducer tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate(TOCP),which also activates TRPA1 channel.Treatment with HC030031 reduces the damages caused by malathion or TOCP.Duloxetine and Ketotifen,two commercially available drugs exhibiting TRPA1 inhibitory activity,show neuroprotective effects against OPIDN and might be used in emergency situations.CONCLUSION TRPA1 is the major mediator of OPIDN and targeting TRPA1 is an effective way for the treatment of OPIDN.

Free Vibration Analysis of Rectangular Plate with Cutouts under Elastic Boundary Conditions in Independent Coordinate Coupling Method

Based on Kirchhoff plate theory and the Rayleigh-Ritz method,the model for free vibration of rectangular plate with rectangular cutouts under arbitrary elastic boundary conditions is established by using the improved Fourier series in combination with the independent coordinate coupling method(ICCM).The effect of the cutout is taken into account by subtracting the energies of the cutouts from the total energies of the whole plate.The vibration displacement function of the hole domain is based on the coordinate system of the hole domain in this method.From the continuity condition of the vibration displacement function at the cutout,the transition matrix between the two coordinate systems is constructed,and the mass and stiffness matrices are completely obtained.As a result,the calculation is simplified and the computational efficiency of the solution is improved.In this paper,numerical examples and modal experiments are presented to validate the effectiveness of the modeling methods,and parameters related to influencing factors of the rectangular plate are analyzed to study the vibration characteristics.

Optimization of Minimum Power Output for Combined Heat and Power Units Considering Peak Load Regulation Ability

Northern China has rich wind power and photovoltaic renewable resources. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Units to meet the load demand and limit its peaking capacity in winter, to a certain extent, it results in structural problems of wind-solar power and thermoelectric. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a plurality of units together to ensure supply of heat load on the premise, by building a thermoelectric power peaking considering thermal load unit group dynamic scheduling model, to achieve the potential of different thermoelectric properties peaking units of the excavation. Simulation examples show, if the unit group exists obvious relationship thermoelectric individual differences, the thermal load dynamic scheduling can be more significantly improved overall performance peaking unit group, effectively increase clean energy consumptive.

Novel Flexibilizer for Cement Rotary Kiln Bricks

A new type of magnesia spinel brick containing a novel flexibilizer was developed.The publication presents an investigation on its chemical composition,physical properties and cement clinker resistance.Compared to conventional magnesia spinel bricks,the new brick type shows reduced amounts of alumina,significantly improved hot properties and resistance against cement clinker attack whilst keeping its textural flexibility on the same level.Field trials revealed satisfactory results and confirmed the novel flexibilizer concept.

Natural evidence of coronaviral 2′-O-methyltransferase activity affecting viral pathogenesis via improved substrate RNA binding

Previous studies through targeted mutagenesis of K-D-K-E motif have demonstrated that 2′-O-MTase activity is essential for efficient viral replication and immune evasion.However,the K-D-K-E catalytic motif of 2′-O-MTase is highly conserved across numerous viruses,including flaviviruses,vaccinia viruses,coronaviruses,and extends even to mammals.Here,we observed a stronger 2′-O-MTase activity in SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV,despite the presence of a consistently active catalytic center.We further identified critical residues(Leu-36,Asn-138 and Ile-153)which served as determinants of discrepancy in 2′-O-MTase activity between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV.These residues significantly enhanced the RNA binding affinity of 2′-O-MTase and boosted its versatility toward RNA substrates.Of interest,a triple substitution(Leu^(36)→Ile^(36),Asn^(138)→His^(138),Ile^(153)→Leu^(153),from SARS-CoV-2 to SARS-CoV)within nsp16 resulted in a proportional reduction in viral 2′-O-methylation and impaired viral replication.Furthermore,it led to a significant upregulation of type I interferon(IFN-I)and proinflammatory cytokines both in vitro and vivo,relying on the cooperative sensing of melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5(MDA5)and laboratory of genetics and physiology 2(LGP2).In conclusion,our findings demonstrated that alterations in residues other than K-D-K-E of 2′-O-MTase may affect viral replication and subsequently influence pathogenesis.Monitoring changes in nsp16 residues is crucial as it may aid in identifying and assessing future alteration in viral pathogenicity resulting from natural mutations occurring in nsp16.

全基因组关联研究发现中国人群前列腺癌两个新易感位点9q31.2和19q13.4

0前言在全球范围内，前列腺癌的发病率和病死率存在着巨大差异。该病在西方发达国家发病率最高，在非裔美国人群病死率最高，而在亚洲人群中发病率及病死率均为全球最低，提示不同人种在前列腺癌的遗传方面存在异质性。在欧美和日本人群中，全基因组关联研究（GWAS）技术已经被用于检测前列腺癌的遗传易感性位点，但至今尚无关于GWAS检测中国人群前列腺癌易感位点的报道。

鄂尔多斯盆地J县西南部地区延9和延10油层组储层特征研究

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地J县西南部地区延安组延9、延10油层组砂岩岩矿特征分析表明:砂岩主要为长石砂岩和岩屑质长石砂岩;岩屑以沉积岩岩屑为主;砂岩中填隙物总含量相对较少,各填隙物含量之间存在差异,主要以泥质杂基和胶结物为主,胶结物中方解石含量最高。扫描电镜及铸体薄片分析表明,该区砂岩主要孔隙类型为粒间孔及粒内溶蚀孔隙。根据压汞参数分析,区内砂岩储集层孔隙结构具有较强非均质性,为中低孔、中渗储层。

Fast Calculation Method of Energy Flow for Combined Electro-Thermal System and Its Application

In recent years, Combined electro-thermal system has developed rapidly. In order to provide the initial data for the analysis of the combined electro-thermal system, a practical energy flow calculation method for the combined electro-thermal system is proposed in this paper. Based on the detailed analysis of the topology structure of the heating network and its hydraulic and thermodynamic model, the forward-backward sweep method for the heat flow of the heating network is established, which is more suitable for the actual radial heating network. The electric and thermal coupling model for heating source, such as thermoelectric unit and electric boiler is established, and the heat flow of heating network and the power flow of power grid are calculated orderly, thus a fast calculation method for the combined electro-thermal system is formed. What’s more, a combined electro-thermal system with two-stage peak-shaving electric boiler is used as the example system. This paper validates the effectiveness and rapidity of this method through the example system, and analyzes the influence for the energy flow of combined electro-thermal system caused by the operating parameters such as the installation location of electric boiler, the outlet water temperature of heat source and the outlet flow rate, etc.

Day-Ahead Probabilistic Load Flow Analysis Considering Wind Power Forecast Error Correlation

Short-term power flow analysis has a significant influence on day-ahead generation schedule. This paper proposes a time series model and prediction error distribution model of wind power output. With the consideration of wind speed and wind power output forecast error’s correlation, the probabilistic distributions of transmission line flows during tomorrow’s 96 time intervals are obtained using cumulants combined Gram-Charlier expansion method. The probability density function and cumulative distribution function of transmission lines on each time interval could provide scheduling planners with more accurate and comprehensive information. Simulation in IEEE 39-bus system demonstrates effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.

Production data-based facies analysis for well placement in thinlayered reservoir

The exploitation of a thin-layered reservoir with thickness less than 5 m(16 ft)needs to rely upon sedimentary facies analysis,due to the low resolution of seismic data and sparse well data.However,the ambiguity of facies interpretation creates uncertainty in facies and reservoir mapping.The study aims to better define facies distribution,predict sand-body architecture,and consequently reduce risks in planning development wells,by integrating production data(dynamic)with conceptual geological models(static).An example is shown from the M1 Member of the Napo Formation in the B and G Oilfields(Block J),Oriente Basin,Ecuador.The M1 reservoir is a thin-layered sandstone reservoir below seismic resolution.Core and well-log facies interpretation indicates depositional facies of a tidedominated estuary.Production data during the water injection phase of field development can delineate the detailed geometry of the sand bodies.The injector-producer rate responses can determine the connectivity of sand bodies.Well performance during primary recovery can capture the scale of single reservoirs because the initial production rates and the cumulative oil production of individual wells are generally proportional to the size of sand bodies.A facies model was thereby generated.Two step-out wells were planned using this model and drilled successfully.The results demonstrate that the integration of dynamic and static data is critical to understanding reservoir facies distribution.

基于三种被动式采集方法采集的宁夏贺兰山甲虫标本照片数据集

本文提供了2021年7月7日至10月7日从中国宁夏贺兰山采集的甲虫标本信息数据集。通过3种被动式采集方法来获得样本,即飞行阻隔器法(flight interception trap,FIT)、马氏网法(Malaise trap,MT)和罐诱法(pitfall trap,PT)。数据集共涉及20个采样点,每个采样点布设1个FIT、1个MT和10个PT。共收集到9,984头甲虫样本,经鉴定分属30科191种。本数据集包括:(1)采样点的816张甲虫集体照原图;(2)标注了形态种编号的甲虫标本集体照;(3)甲虫标本数量统计表;(4)形态种鉴定图;(5)采集样点的经纬度和海拔数据的信息表;(6)样本收集的时间表及样点的野外照片。该数据集为甲虫的采集提供了有效可行的方法,同时也对贺兰山甲虫多样性进行了评估,从而丰富了相关研究。

基于多块和自注意TCN结合的冷水机组故障诊断

针对冷水机组故障运行数据特征参数耦合且时序特征难以提取的问题,提出一种基于多块和自注意时间卷积网络(Multiblock Self-attention Temporal Convolutional Networks,MB-SATCN)的故障诊断模型。该模型根据冷水机组传感器与系统结构的物理关系将变量划分为多个子块,在子块中使用TCN挖掘冷水机组运行数据的特征信息,并通过自注意力层加强关键特征对故障诊断结果的影响权重,然后将各子块模型输出的局部特征利用自注意力机制加权融合以构建全局特征,并使用softmax函数进行分类。与对照方法相比,MB-SATCN方法在冷水机组常见故障诊断方面表现更优,对系统故障识别能力更强,平均故障诊断精确率和平均召回率均在97%以上。

Drupacine as a potent SARS-CoV-2 replication inhibitor in vitro

Despite the availability of vaccines and antiviral treatments,the continued emergence of severe acute respira-tory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants and breakthrough infections underscores the need for new,potent antiviral therapies.In a previous study,we established a transcription and replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle(trVLP)system that recapitulates the complete viral life cycle.In this study,we combined high-content screening(HCS)with the SARS-CoV-2 trVLP cell culture system,providing a powerful phenotype-oriented approach to assess the antiviral potential of compounds on a large scale.We screened a library of 3,200 natural compounds and identified drupacine as a potential candidate against SARS-CoV-2 infection.Furthermore,we utilized a SARS-CoV-2 replicon system to demonstrate that drupacine could inhibit viral genome transcription and replication.However,in vitro,enzymatic assays revealed that the inhibition could not be attributed to conventional antiviral targets,such as the viral non-structural proteins nsp5(MPro)or nsp12(RdRp).In conclusion,our findings position drupacine as a promising antiviral candidate against SARS-CoV-2,providing a novel scaffold for developing anti-coronavirus disease 2019 therapeutics.Further investigation is required to pinpoint its precise target and mechanism of action.

昆虫多样性三十年研究进展

当前,全球昆虫数量和多样性均处于下降趋势,而导致这一趋势的原因主要包括人为干扰及气候变化。本文基于森林、草地、农业、水生和土壤生态系统,以植食性、访花、捕食性、寄生性、食果以及食腐昆虫为重点功能昆虫群,综述了近三十年来国内外昆虫多样性研究领域的主要进展,并分析了发展趋势。近年来,昆虫多样性的研究维度不断拓展,形态多样性研究不断深入,系统发生多样性、功能多样性和遗传多样性等研究也显著加强。此外,昆虫多样性研究的空间尺度也逐步扩大,大尺度区域性研究甚至全球范围的调查持续增长。昆虫进化历史也被引入多样性格局研究中,并随着系统发生信息学方法的普及而被整合到生态系统建成和生物多样性形成机制研究中。未来需要加强关键昆虫类群整合分类学研究、功能性状多样性、林冠昆虫多样性、互作网络结构等方向的研究。