Epicatechin attenuates lead(Pb)-induced cognitive impairment in mice:regulation on Nrf2 signaling pathway,and interference on the interaction between Pb with albumin

Epicatechin(EC)was used in this study to antagonize the cognitive dysfunction caused by lead(Pb)exposure in mice.Eight-week-old male Kunming mice were treated with PbCl_(2)(20 mg/kg)and/or EC(50 mg/kg)by gavage administration for 4 weeks.Morris water maze test showed that EC could improve memory dysfunction induced by Pb.EC antagonized Ca^(2+)overload,activated Nrf2 signaling pathway and reduced the accumulation of Pb in the brain and serum,which suggested that EC might alter Pb distribution in mice.In vitro,spectroscopic analysis,potentiometric titration and docking studies were applied to inquiry into the interaction between bovine serum albumin(BSA)and Pb^(2+)in presence or absence of EC.EC was proved to chelate Pb^(2+)and reduced the interaction between BSA and Pb^(2+).In summary,EC might protect Pb-induced cognitive impairment by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway,and suppressing Pb accumulation via interference on the binding of Pb to albumin.

A Binder-Free Amorphous Manganese Dioxide for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery

Aqueous zinc-ion battery has attracted much attention due to its low price, high safety, and high theoretical specific capacity. However, most of their performances are limited by the unsatisfied architecture of cathodes. Herein, we fabricated amorphous manganese dioxide by an in situ deposition method. The amorphous manganese dioxide can directly serve as the cathode of an aqueous zinc-ion battery without a binder. The resultant cathode exhibits a high specific capacity of 133.9 mAh/g at 200 mA/g and a capacity retention of 82% over 50 cycles at 1 A/g.

聚乙烯亚胺修饰氧化石墨烯改性水性聚氨酯的制备及抗菌性能

采用改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯(GO),用聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)还原GO得到了PEI-GO复合材料,再通过共混法制备出PEI-GO改性的水性聚氨酯(PGWPU)复合材料。红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱和X射线多晶体衍射测试表征了PEI的成功引入。由于PEI-GO的加入,使得PGWPU复合胶膜的力学性能得到了很大提高,加入1.0%的PEI-GO后,PGWPU的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率较纯水性聚氨酯分别提高了131.88%和62.55%。以大肠杆菌(E.coil)为测试菌种,通过贴膜法表征了胶膜的抗菌性。结果表明,当PEI-GO质量分数为0.2%时,胶膜对大肠杆菌的抗菌率为99.9%。

Synthesis of BiVO_4 nanosheets-graphene composites toward improved visible light photoactivity

Two-dimensional （2-D） BiVO4 nanosheets-graphene （GR） composites with different weight addition ratios of GR have been prepared via a facile wet chemistry process. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Raman spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectra （XPS）, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）, field-emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, transient photocurrent response and photoluminescence （PL） spectra were employed to determine the properties of the samples. It is found that BiVO4 nanosheets could pave well on the surface of graphene sheets. BiVO4 nanosheets-GR composites with a proper addition amount of GR exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than bare BiVO4 nanosheets toward liquid-phase degradation of rhodamine B （RhB） and methyl orange （MO） under visible light irradiation. The enhancement of photocatalytic activities of BiVO4 nanosheets-GR composites can be attributed to the effective separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs. This work not only provides a simple strategy for fabricating specific 2-D semiconductor-2-D GR composites, but also opens a new window of such 2-D semiconductor-2-D GR composites as visible light photocatalysts toward an improved visible light photoactivity in purifying polluted water resources.

Arg462Gln and Asp541Glu polymorphisms in ribonuclease L and prostate cancer risk:a meta-analysis

Objective：The association between ribonuclease L（RNASEL）gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk has been widely reported,but the results of these studies remained controversial and underpowered.We performed a meta-analysis of 28 studies to evaluate the association between Arg462Gln and Asp541Glu polymorphisms in the RNASEL gene and prostate cancer risk.Methods：Odds ratios（ORs）with 95%confidence intervals（CIs） were estimated to assess the association between RNASEL polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk.Results：A significantly increased prostate cancer risk was found for the Arg462Gln polymorphism in Africans（Gln/Gln vs Arg/Arg：OR=2.50,95%CI=1.28-4.87;Gln/Gln vs Gln/Arg＋Arg/Arg：OR=2.54,95%CI=1.30-4.95）,but not in Europeans and Asians.Additionally,the Asp541Glu polymorphism was associated with increased total prostate cancer risk（Glu-allele vs Asp-allele：OR=1.04,95%CI=1.01-1.07;Glu/Glu vs Asp/Asp：OR=1.22,95%CI= 1.03-1.46;Glu/Glu vs Glu/Asp＋Asp/Asp：OR=1.09,95%CI=1.02-1.16）.In the stratified analysis for the Asp541Glu polymorphism,there was a significantly increased prostate cancer risk in Africans and Europeans,and in hospital-based prostate cancer cases.Conclusion：The meta-analysis results showed evidence that RNASEL Arg462Gln and Asp541Glu polymorphisms are associated with prostate cancer risk and could be low-penetrance prostate cancer susceptibility biomarkers.

Impact of Survival Rate and Safety Analysis of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Recurrent Cervical Cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on the survival rate and safety of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 107 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were treated in our hospital from March 2016 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into the control group(n=53)and the observation group(n=54)and treated conventionally.On this basis,the control group was treated with radiotherapy,and the observation group was treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The clinical efficacy,cellular immune index,survival rate and rate of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the total effective rate of 79.25%in the control group,the observation group was 94.44%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of NK,CD3+,and CD4+in the two groups were higher than before the treatment,and the observation group was higher than the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the adverse reaction rate of 18.87%in the control group,the observation group was 11.11%,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for patients with recurrent cervical cancer has a significant effect,which not only can effectively improve the cellular immune index and the survival rate of patients,but also have high safety.

Engineered polymer nanoparticles incorporating L-amino acid groups as affinity reagents for fibrinogen

Synthetic polymer hydrogel nanoparticles(NPs)were developed to function as abiotic affinity reagents for fibrinogen.These NPs were made using both temperature-sensitive N-isopropyl acrylamide(NIPAm)and L-amino acid monomers.Five kinds of L-amino acids were acryloylated to obtain functional monomers:L-phenylalanine(Phe)and L-leucine(Leu)with hydrophobic side chains,L-glutamic acid(Glu)with negative charges,and L-lysine(Lys)and L-arginine(Arg)with positive charges.After incubating the NPs with fibrinogen,g-globulin,and human serum albumin(HSA)respectively,the NPs that incorporated Nacryloyl-Arg monomers(AArg@NPs)showed the strongest and most specific binding affinity to fibrinogen,when compared with g-globulin and HSA.Additionally,the fibrinogen-AArg binding model had the best docking scores,and this may be due to the interaction of positively charged AArg@NPs and the negatively charged fibrinogen D domain and the hydrophobic interaction between them.The specific adsorption of AArg@NPs to fibrinogen was also confirmed by the immunoprecipitation assay,as the AArg@NPs selectively trapped the fibrinogen from a human plasma protein mixture.AArg@NPs had a strong selectivity for,and specificity to,fibrinogen and may be developed as a potential human fibrinogen-specific affinity reagent.

Association between p53 Pro72Arg polymorphism and prostate cancer risk:a meta-analysis

The tumor suppressor gene p53 appears to be important in the development of many human cancers, such as prostate cancer. The association of p53 codon72 polymorphism with prostate cancer has been widely reported; however, the results are inconsistent. To derive a more precise estimation of this relationship, we performed an updated meta-analysis from 10 case-control studies. We conducted a search in the PubMed database without a language limitation, covering all papers published until July 2010. Risk ratios （RR） with 95% confidence intervals （CIs） were used to assess the strength of the association. Ten studies including 1,196 cases and 1,704 controls were selected. Overall, no significant differences of total prostate cancer risk and p53 codon polymorphism was found （Pro/Pro vs Arg/Arg, RR = 1.12, 95%CI=0.74-1.70, P heterogeneity = 0.016, I 2 = 55.8%; Pro/Pro＋Pro/Arg vs Arg/ Arg, RR = 1.05, 95%CI=1.00-1.11, P heterogeneity = 0.077, I 2 = 51.1%）. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the same results were found. However, in the control subgroup, there was a modest decreased association between prostate cancer risk and population-based control subjects under the recessive genetic model （RR = 0.31, 95%CI=0.10- 0.91, P heterogeneity = 0.110, I 2 =60.8%）. This meta-analysis suggested that p53 codon Pro72Arg polymorphism could be weakly associated with prostate cancer risk.

Common toxicities and objective response rate in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with irinotecan based regimens

Objective： The aim of our study was to investigate if common toxicities are correlated to objective response rate （ORR） in metastatic colorectal cancer （mCRC） patients treated by irinotecan based regimens. Methods： Univadate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate correlations between common toxicities and binary ORR in 106 mCRC patients from a prospective cohort treated with irinotecan based regimens. Results： The most frequent severe toxicities （Grade 3/4） were as follows： neutropenia （27.4%）, diarrhea （16.9%）, leucopenia （12.6%）, vomiting （3.2%） and thrombocytopenia （2.1%）. Thrombocytosis was observed in 25 （26.3%） patients. ORR was 25.3%. Thrombocytopenia （P = 0.014）, line of chemotherapy （P = 0.028） and thrembocytosis （P = 0.033） were correlated with ORR in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, thrombocytopenia （odds ratio [OR] = 8.600, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.705-43.385, P = 0.009） and first line chemotherapy （OR = 5.155, 95% CI = 1.153-23.256, P = 0.032） positively related to ORR. Conclusion： Threm- bocytopenia may be an indicator of ORR in mCRC patients treated by irinotecan plus 5-fluorouracil/capecitabine. Evidence is not strong enough to prove that irinotecan based regimens-induced diarrhea, leucopenia, neutropenia or vomiting is associ- ated with ORR.

Outcomes of palliative local treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy plus bevacizumab

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the value of palliative local treatment of incurable metastatic lesions in colorectal cancer(CRC) patients receiving chemotherapy plus bevacizumab.Methods Data of 105 patients with histologically confirmed synchronous or metachronous metastatic CRC who received bevacizumab treatment from January 1, 2011 to January 31, 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Sixteen(15%) patients who were treated with bevacizumab for less than 4 cycles were excluded, and finally, 89(85%) patients were enrolled. Among them, 33(37%) patients who received palliative local treatment were categorized into the palliative local treatment group, and the remaining 56(63%) patients were categorized into the chemotherapy plus bevacizumab group. The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS), which was calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Factors possibly influencing survival were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Adverse events(AEs) were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0. Grades 1–2 and 3–4 AEs of the two groups were compared and analyzed using the Fisher's exact test and χ~2 analysis.Results The median follow-up period was 20.4 months, ranging from 1 to 60 months. The median OS in the palliative local treatment group was 36.3 months(95% CI, 33.5–39.2), and that in the chemotherapy plus bevacizumab group was 20.5 months(95% CI, 17.6–23.4). Both the univariate(HR 0.13, 95% CI, 0.05–0.30, P < 0.001) and multivariate(HR 0.16, 95% CI, 0.07–0.39, P < 0.001) analyses showed that the addition of palliative local treatment could prolong survival compared with chemotherapy plus bevacizumab alone. There were no significant differences in the rates of common chemotherapy-or bevacizumab-related AEs between the two groups.Conclusion These findings suggest palliative local treatment is an effective and safe method for treating patients with incurable metastatic CRC receiving chemotherapy plus bevacizumab.

EDGE non-invasive radiosurgery for gastric neuroendocrine hepatic portal lymph node metastases:a case report

Treating metastatic gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms （gNENs） is challenging, especially for those with progressive disease during somatostatin analog processing. In this report, we present a case of a welldifferentiated grade 2, type 3 gNEN with metastatic hepatic portal lymph nodes. EDGE non-invasive radiosurgery （800 cGy x 5 F） was performed to radiate the metastatic hepatic portal lymph nodes. Three months after the hyperfractionated radiotherapy, no signs of metastatic hepatic portal lymph nodes were observed using 8Ga-dotatate positron emission tomography-computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, EDGE non-invasive radiosurgery could be a potential option for treating local metastatic nodes.

某市家庭医生服务签约居民的就诊体验研究

目的评价和分析签约居民在基层医疗机构的就医体验, 为进一步改善家庭医生签约服务质量提供依据。方法利用汉化版的基本医疗质量评估量表(primary care assessment tools, PCAT), 于2020年5—6月对某市9所社区卫生服务中心和9所乡镇卫生院的1 400名家庭医生服务签约居民进行入户调查, 分析其在基层医疗机构的就诊体验。同时对机构管理人员及家庭医生团队进行访谈。运用描述性统计与单因素方差分析进行数据分析。结果共回收有效问卷1 333份, 有效回收率为95.2%。PCAT量表总得分25.17分, 其中首诊、连续性、协调性、综合性、以患者和家庭为中心、社区为导向及文化胜任力7个维度的得分依次为3.57分、3.68分、3.54分、3.40分、3.72分、3.67分和3.59分;372人(47.1%)在去上级医院或专科医院之前未经过签约机构转诊;不同机构类型、年龄、学历、职业和收入的居民在首诊、连续性、协调性与综合性4个核心维度的评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论该市家庭医生签约服务工作取得了一定成效, 但仍有提升空间, 建议进一步完善服务的综合性、协调性和可及性, 推动家庭医生签约服务的高质量发展。

某市基层医疗机构医防融合现状分析

目的了解某市基层医疗机构医防融合现状, 分析医防融合过程中的问题, 提出优化建议。方法 2020年6—7月, 以某市169所基层医疗卫生机构作为调查对象, 对机构的基本信息和医防融合评价指标进行问卷调查, 其中医防融合评价指标分为事实性调查和感受性调查两部分。此外, 就基层医疗机构医防融合的现状对32位相关人员进行个人访谈。对数据资料进行信度和效度检验, 描述性分析和分类提取分析。结果经信效度检验, 调查数据的可靠性良好;事实性调查提取3个公因子, 分别为组织管理、信息管理与绩效考核分配;感受性调查提取2个公因子, 分别为工作方式和人员培训。某市在组织管理和工作方式方面医防融合程度较低, 其中, 已制定医防融合规范的机构占比为53.8%, 居民健康信息共享很及时的机构占比仅为41.4%。结论某市基层医疗机构的医防融合程度仍需进一步提高, 未来应重点加强顶层设计, 建立医防融合工作规范和协作机制, 提升医务人员的医防融合意识, 提高信息化水平, 搭建疾病预防、医疗救治和健康管理三位一体的新服务模式。

Temperature‑Regulating Phase Change Fiber Scaffold Toward Mild Photothermal–Chemotherapy

Photothermal therapy(PTT)is a treatment that increases the temperature of tumors to 42–48℃,or even higher for tumor ablation.PTT has sparked a lot of attention due to its ability to induce apoptosis or increase sensitivity to chemotherapy.Excessive heat not only kills the tumor cells,but also damages the surrounding healthy tissue,reducing therapeutic accuracy and increasing the possible side effects.Herein,a phase change fiber(PCF)scaffold serving as a thermal trigger in mild photothermal–chemo tumor therapy is developed to regulate temperature and control drug release.These prepared PCFs,comprised of hollow carbon fibers(HCFs)loaded with lauric acid as a phase change material(PCM),can effectively store and release any excess heat generated by irradiating with a near-infrared(NIR)laser through the reversible solid–liquid transition process of the PCM.With this feature,the optimal PTT temperature of implanted PCF-based composite scaffolds was identified for tumor therapy with minimal normal tissue damage.In addition,controlled release of chemotherapeutic drugs and heat shock protein(HSP)inhibitors from the PCF-based composite scaffolds have been shown to improve the efficacy of mild PTT.The developed PCF-based scaffold sheds light on the development of a new generation of therapeutic scaffolds for thermal therapy.

Pressure field characteristics of petroliferous sags in Bohai Bay Basin: Implication for hydrocarbon enrichment

Pressure fields of different sags in a petroliferous basin were significantly different,and it was related to hydrocarbon enrichment.Based on pressure data of different sags in Bohai Bay Basin,types of pressure field and its distribution characteristics were well discussed,and relationships between overpressure and hydrocarbon generation,pressure field and hydrocarbon enrichment were also investigated.Results showed that the Paleogene pressure fields of different sags in Bohai Bay Basin could be divided into three types:normal pressure type,single overpressure type and double overpressure type.These three types of pressure fields had the zoned features in their distributions.The normal pressure fields were mostly distributed in peripheral sags of the basin,while the single overpressure fields were widespread in the basin,and the double overpressure fields were concentrated in the areas around the Bohai Sea.Hydrocarbon generation had a significant effect on overpressure formation,thus overpressure horizons generally were corresponded to major source rock horizons,and differences of filling evolution history and main hydrocarbon-generation strata of different sags might be important factors for the formation of these three types of pressure fields.Overpressure in source rock horizons was closely related to hydrocarbon enrichment.Horizontally,hydrocarbons were mainly distributed around the overpressure center,and the secondary migration distance of hydrocarbons was affected by the degree of overpressure.Vertically,hydrocarbon distributionwas controlled by the type of pressure fields.Hydrocarbons in the normal pressure sags were mainly enriched in the major hydrocarbon-generation horizons and their adjacent horizons,hydrocarbons in the single overpressure sags were mainly distributed in the hydrocarbon-generation horizons and its upper and lower horizons,while in the double overpressure sags,the hydrocarbon enrichment degree in Neogene was high.Hydrocarbon enrichment in sags was controlled by the degree of overpressure in hydrocarbon-generation horizons,and these oil-rich sags had relatively large overpressure degree.

Reduction behaviors of permanganate by microbial cells and concomitant accumulation of divalent cations of Mg2+, Zn2+, and Co2+

Permanganate treatment is widely used for disinfection of bacteria in surface-contaminated water.In this paper,the fate of the dissolved permanganate in aqueous solution after contact with cells of Pseudomonas fluorescens was studied.Concomitant accumulation of divalent cations of Mg2+,Zn2+,and Co2+during precipitation of Mn oxides was also studied.The time course of the Mn concentration in solution showed an abrupt decrease after contact of Mn(VII)with microbial cells,followed by an increase after^24 hr.XRD analysis of the precipitated Mn oxides,called biomass Mn oxides,showed the formation of low-crystalline birnessite.Visible spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES)analyses indicated that dissolved Mn(VII)was reduced to form biomass Mn oxides involving Mn(IV)and Mn(III),followed by reduction to soluble Mn(II).The numbers of electron transferred from microbial cells to permanganate and to biomass Mn oxides for 24 hr after the contact indicated that the numbers of electron transfer from microbial cell was approximately 50 times higher to dissolved permanganate than to the biomass Mn oxides in present experimental conditions.The 24 hr accumulation of divalent cations during formation of biomass Mn oxides was in the order of Co2+>Zn2+>Mg2+.XANES analysis of Co showed that oxidation of Co2+to Co3+resulted in higher accumulation of Co than Zn and Mg.Thus,treatment of surface water by KMnO4 solution is effective not only for disinfection of microorganisms,but also for the elimination of metal cations from surface water.

Biotechnological and food synthetic biology potential of platform strain:Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus licheniformis is one of the most characteristic Gram-positive bacteria.Its unique genetic background and safety characteristics make it have important biologic applications in the food industry,including,the biosyn-thesis of high value-added bioproducts,probiotic functions,biological treatment of wastes derived from food production,etc.In this review,these recent advances are summarized and presented systematically for the first time.In addition,we highlight synthetic biology strategies as a potential driver of developing this strain for wider and more efficient application in the food industry.Finally,we present the current challenges faced and provide our unique perspective on relevant future research directions.In summary,this review will provide an illumi-nating and comprehensive perspective that will allow an in-depth understanding of B.licheniformis and promote its more effective development in the food industry.