Flexible planar micro supercapacitor diode

Supercapacitor diode is a novel ion device that performs both supercapacitor energy storage and ion diode rectification functions.However,previously reported devices are limited by their large size and complex processes.In this work,we demonstrate a screen-printed micro supercapacitor diode(MCAPode)that based on the insertion of a finger mode with spinel ZnCo_(2)O_(4) as cathode and activated carbon as anode for the first time,and featuring an excellent area specific capacitance(1.21 mF cm^(-2)at 10 mV s^(-1))and high rectification characteristics(rectification ratioⅠof 11.99 at 40 mV s^(-1)).Taking advantage of the ionic gel electrolyte,which provides excellent stability during repeated flexing and at high temperatures.In addition,MCAPode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and rectification capability in"AND"and"OR"logic gates.These findings provide practical solutions for future expansion of micro supercapacitor diode applications.

A molecular framework for seasonal growth-dormancy regulation in perennial plants

The timing of the onset and release of dormancy impacts the survival,productivity and spatial distribution of temperate horticultural and forestry perennials and is mediated by at least three main regulatory programs involving signal perception and processing by phytochromes(PHYs)and PHY-interacting transcription factors(PIFs).PIF4 functions as a key regulator of plant growth in response to both external and internal signals.In poplar,the expression of PIF4 and PIF3-LIKE1 is upregulated in response to short days,while PHYA and PHYB are not regulated at the transcriptional level.Integration of light and environmental signals is achieved by gating the expression and transcriptional activity of PIF4.During this annual cycle,auxin promotes the degradation of Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors through the SKP–Cullin-F–boxTIR1 complex,relieving the repression of auxin-responsive genes by allowing auxin response factors(ARFs)to activate the transcription of auxin-responsive genes involved in growth responses.Analyses of transcriptome changes during dormancy transitions have identified MADS-box transcription factors associated with endodormancy induction.Previous studies show that poplar dormancy-associated MADS-box(DAM)genes PtMADS7 and PtMADS21 are differentially regulated during the growth-dormancy cycle.Endodormancy may be regulated by internal factors,which are specifically localized in buds.PtMADS7/PtMADS21 may function as an internal regulator in poplar.The control of flowering time shares certain regulatory hierarchies with control of the dormancy/growth cycle.However,the particularities of different stages of the dormancy/growth cycle warrant comprehensive approaches to identify the causative genes for the entire cycle.A growing body of knowledge also indicates epigenetic regulation plays a role in these processes in perennial horticultural and forestry plants.The increased knowledge contributes to better understanding of the dormancy process and consequently to precise manipulation of dormancy-related horticultural traits,such as flowering time.

Understanding Pseudocapacitance Mechanisms by Synchrotron X-ray Analytical Techniques

Pseudocapacitive materials that store charges via reversible surface or near-surface faradaic reactions are capable of overcoming the capacity limitations of electrical double-layer capacitors.Revealing the structure–activity relationship between the microstructural features of pseudocapacitive materials and their electrochemical performance on the atomic scale is the key to build high-performance capacitor-type devices containing ideal pseudocapacitance effect.Currently,the high brightness(flux),and spectral and coherent nature of synchrotron X-ray analytical techniques make it a powerful tool for probing the structure–property relationship of pseudocapacitive materials.Herein,we report a comprehensive and systematic review of four typical characterization techniques(synchrotron X-ray diffraction,pair distribution function[PDF]analysis,soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy,and hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy)for the study of pseudocapacitance mechanisms.In addition,we offered significant insights for understanding and identifying pseudocapacitance mechanisms(surface redox pseudocapacitance,intercalation pseudocapacitance,and the extrinsic pseudocapacitance phenomenon in battery materials)by combining in situ hard XAS and electrochemical analyses.Finally,a perspective for further depth of understanding into the pseudocapacitance mechanism using synchrotron X-ray analytical techniques is proposed.

Development and Application of Methane Leakage Monitoring System for Gas Transmission Pipeline

Oil and gas pipeline transportation,as a relatively safe way of oil and gas transportation,undertakes most of the transportation tasks of crude oil and natural gas.Oil and gas pipeline accidents affect a wide range of consequences.Therefore,the oil and gas pipeline leakage detection is paid more and more attention.In this paper,ultra-low power methane gas sensor is selected to collect methane gas concentration in the air,and wireless network technology is used to build a wireless network sensor system with 4G function.Through the sensor distribution along the pipeline,it can intuitively and accurately judge whether there is a micro-leakage in the pipeline,and understand the diffusion situation after the leakage.The sensor system has high reliability and stability,and has high value of popularization and application.

Sin1/mTORC2 regulate B cell growth and metabolism by activating mTORC1 and Myc

Proper control of B cell growth and metabolism is crucial for B-cell-mediated immunity,but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.In this study,Sin1,a key component of mTOR complex 2(mTORC2),specifically regulates B cell growth and metabolism.Genetic ablation of Sin1 in B cells reduces the cell size at either the transitional stage or upon antigen stimulation and severely impairs metabolism.Sin1 deficiency also severely impairs B-cell proliferation,antibody responses,and anti-viral immunity.At the molecular level,Sin1 controls the expression and stability of the c-Myc protein and maintains the activity of mTORC1 through the Akt-dependent inactivation of GSK3 and TSC1/2,respectively.Therefore,our study reveals a novel and specific role for Sin1 in coordinating the activation of mTORC2 and mTORC1 to control B cell growth and metabolism.