目的 总结经皮穴位电刺激及其相关技术治疗术后疼痛的证据,为临床实践提供依据。方法 系统检索BMJ Best Practice、JBI、UpToDate、GIN、NICE、SIGN、RNAO、医脉通、梅斯医学网站、国家中医药管理局、Epistemonikos、Cochrane Library、...目的 总结经皮穴位电刺激及其相关技术治疗术后疼痛的证据,为临床实践提供依据。方法 系统检索BMJ Best Practice、JBI、UpToDate、GIN、NICE、SIGN、RNAO、医脉通、梅斯医学网站、国家中医药管理局、Epistemonikos、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CBM、CNKI、万方、维普和中华医学期刊全文数据库中关于经皮穴位电刺激及其相关技术治疗术后疼痛的证据,由经过循证培训的小组成员对文献质量进行评价,对证据进行提取、汇总并分级。结果 共纳入13篇文献,包括1篇指南,3篇系统评价和9篇随机对照试验。从治疗适应证、治疗获益、刺激参数、干预时机、穴位选择和操作者资质6个方面汇总了24条证据。结论 经皮穴位电刺激治疗可以缓解术后疼痛,不同的刺激参数、干预时机及穴位选择会影响疗效,建议临床应用时结合各医院科室的实际情况,有针对性地选择证据,以提升其有效性。展开更多
Foam concrete is a prospective material in defense engineering to protect structures due to its high energy absorption capability resulted from the long plateau stage.However,stress enhancement rather than stress miti...Foam concrete is a prospective material in defense engineering to protect structures due to its high energy absorption capability resulted from the long plateau stage.However,stress enhancement rather than stress mitigation may happen when foam concrete is used as sacrificial claddings placed in the path of an incoming blast load.To investigate this interesting phenomenon,a one-dimensional difference model for blast wave propagation in foam concrete is firstly proposed and numerically solved by improving the second-order Godunov method.The difference model and numerical algorithm are validated against experimental results including both the stress mitigation and the stress enhancement.The difference model is then used to numerically analyze the blast wave propagation and deformation of material in which the effects of blast loads,stress-strain relation and length of foam concrete are considered.In particular,the concept of minimum thickness of foam concrete to avoid stress enhancement is proposed.Finally,non-dimensional analysis on the minimum thickness is conducted and an empirical formula is proposed by curve-fitting the numerical data,which can provide a reference for the application of foam concrete in defense engineering.展开更多
文摘目的 总结经皮穴位电刺激及其相关技术治疗术后疼痛的证据,为临床实践提供依据。方法 系统检索BMJ Best Practice、JBI、UpToDate、GIN、NICE、SIGN、RNAO、医脉通、梅斯医学网站、国家中医药管理局、Epistemonikos、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CBM、CNKI、万方、维普和中华医学期刊全文数据库中关于经皮穴位电刺激及其相关技术治疗术后疼痛的证据,由经过循证培训的小组成员对文献质量进行评价,对证据进行提取、汇总并分级。结果 共纳入13篇文献,包括1篇指南,3篇系统评价和9篇随机对照试验。从治疗适应证、治疗获益、刺激参数、干预时机、穴位选择和操作者资质6个方面汇总了24条证据。结论 经皮穴位电刺激治疗可以缓解术后疼痛,不同的刺激参数、干预时机及穴位选择会影响疗效,建议临床应用时结合各医院科室的实际情况,有针对性地选择证据,以提升其有效性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52178515)。
文摘Foam concrete is a prospective material in defense engineering to protect structures due to its high energy absorption capability resulted from the long plateau stage.However,stress enhancement rather than stress mitigation may happen when foam concrete is used as sacrificial claddings placed in the path of an incoming blast load.To investigate this interesting phenomenon,a one-dimensional difference model for blast wave propagation in foam concrete is firstly proposed and numerically solved by improving the second-order Godunov method.The difference model and numerical algorithm are validated against experimental results including both the stress mitigation and the stress enhancement.The difference model is then used to numerically analyze the blast wave propagation and deformation of material in which the effects of blast loads,stress-strain relation and length of foam concrete are considered.In particular,the concept of minimum thickness of foam concrete to avoid stress enhancement is proposed.Finally,non-dimensional analysis on the minimum thickness is conducted and an empirical formula is proposed by curve-fitting the numerical data,which can provide a reference for the application of foam concrete in defense engineering.
