Moderating effect of corporate financialization on the impact of climate policy on corporate green innovation:Evidence from China

With intensifying global climate change,humanity is confronted with unparalleled environmental challenges and risks.This study employs the staggered difference-in-difference model to examine the relationship between climate policy and green innovation in the corporate financialization context.Using Chinese-listed company data from 2008 to 2020,our analysis reveals a favorable correlation between China’s carbon emission trading policy(CCTP)and advancements in green innovation.Furthermore,we find that the level of corporate financialization moderates this correlation,diminishing the driving effect of CCTP on green innovation.Additionally,results of heterogeneity analysis show that this moderating consequence is more evident in non-state owned and low-digitization enterprises compared with state-owned and high-digitization ones.Our findings contribute to the existing literature by clarifying the interaction between CCTP,green innovation,and corporate financialization.Our research provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to strengthen climate policies and encourages green innovation in different types of businesses.

冷冻切片结合细胞学涂片在卵巢肿瘤病理诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨冷冻切片结合细胞学涂片在卵巢肿瘤病理诊断中的应用价值。方法随机抽取2014年3月-2015年10月在我院择期实施卵巢肿瘤手术的患者100例,全部患者在手术过程中留取肿瘤标本,然后分别实施细胞学涂片检测与冷冻切片检测,再在手术结束实施石蜡切片检测,比较不同检测方法的准确性。结果细胞学涂片检测(94.00%)与冷冻切片检测两种方法的准确性(93.00%)之间没有统计学差异(P>0.05),而两种检测方法联合判断的准确性(99.00%)比单独一种方法明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在卵巢肿瘤的临床诊断中,应用细胞学涂片检测与冷冻切片检测两者联合方法的准确程度更高,值得在临床诊断中广泛实施。

Facile synthesis of high electrical conductive CoP via solid-state synthetic routes for supercapacitors

Co-P precursor was prepared by a mechanical alloying method and then is controlled to synthesis of CoP phase through an annealing method. The optimal conditions of ball milling and annealing temperature are investigated. The CoP exhibits higher electrical conductivity than graphite and cobalt oxide, showing excellent pseudocapacitive properties due its high electrical conductivity which can result in a fast electron transfer in high rate charge-discharge possess. The as-obtained CoP electrode achieves a high specific capacitance of 447.5 Fig at 1 Aug, and displays an excellent rate capability as well as good cycling stability. Besides, the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) based on the CoP as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode was assembled and displayed a high rate capability (60% of the capacitance is retained when the current density increased from 1 Aug to 12 Aug), excellent cycling stability (96.7% of the initial capacitance is retained after 5000 cycles), and a superior specific energy of 19 Wh/kg at a power density of 350.8 W/kg. The results, suggest that the CoP electrode materials have a great potential for developing high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices. (C) 2016 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.

Open-circuit Fault-tolerant Control Strategy Based on Five-level Power Converter for SRM System

Switched reluctance motor power converters are prone to open-circuit faults because it need to withstand large voltages and currents.Due to the small number of traditional asymmetrical half bridge topology switches,it is difficult to carry out fault tolerant control when power converters has an open-circuit fault,resulting in larger output torque ripple.This paper presents a five-level power converter based on the traditional asymmetric half-bridge power converter.The five-level topology has more switching states and can work in multi-level mode.Based on the topology,different excitation and demagnetization voltages can be choose at different speeds.A fault-tolerance strategy is developed to decrease the influence of the open-circuit fault.The five-level power converter has four switches per phase,and two of them will be used in one of the operating mode.So the remaining two of the switches can be used for safe backup,enabling fault-tolerant control when an open-circuit occur.Since each phase of the five-level power converter proposed in this paper is independent of each other,a reasonable control strategy can be used to avoid the unbalance of the midpoint potential.Finally,the topology and fault-tolerant strategy proposed in this paper are verified by simulation and experiment.

Facile synthesis of MoS_2/graphite intercalated composite with enhanced electrochemical performance for sodium ion battery

MoS2 is a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries owing to its two-dimensional layered structure and high specific capacity. But it still exhibits a poor cycle stability and limited rate capability for Na＋ storage because of its poor electrical conductivity and structural instability. In this work, MoS2/graphite composite is fabricated by mechanically delaminated and restacked MoS2 and graphite to form two-dimensional composite layers. The graphite sheets will improve electrical conductivity and prevent the aggregation as well as structure collapse of the MoS2 layers during charge-discharge process. The MoS2/graphite composite exhibits excellent Na＋ storage properties. It delivers a high discharge specific capacity of 358.2 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA]g in the first discharge process and with capacity retention of 68.1% after 800 cycles （retains 244 mAh/g）. The average discharge specific capacities retain 250.9 and 225.4 mAh/g corresponding to the current densities of 100 and 1000 mA]g, showing excellent rate capability. The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the improved electrical conductivity and structural stability after composition of graphite sheets. The study demonstrates a new research strategy for improving sodium ion storage properties of Mo52.

Multifunctional stimuli responsive polymer-gated iron and gold-embedded silica nano golf balls:Nanoshuttles for targeted on-demand theranostics

Multi-functional nanoshuttles for remotely targeted and on-demand delivery of therapeutic molecules and imaging to defined tissues and organs hold great potentials in personalized medicine, including precise early diagnosis, efficient prevention and therapy without toxicity. Yet, in spite of 25 years of research, there are still no such shuttles available. To this end, we have designed magnetic and gold nanoparticles （NP）-embedded silica nanoshuttles （MGNSs） with nanopores on their surface. Fluorescently labeled Doxombicin （DOX）, a cancer drug, was loaded in the MGNSs as a payload. DOX loaded MGNSs were encapsulated in heat and pH sensitive polymer P（NIPAM-co- MAA） to enable controlled release of the payload. Magnetically-guided transport of MGNSs was examined in： （a） a glass capillary tube to simulate their delivery via blood vessels; and （b） porous hydrogels to simulate their transport in composite human tissues, including bone, cartilage, tendon, muscles and blood-brain barrier {BBB）. The viscoelastic properties of hydrogels were examined by atomic force microscopy （AFM）. Cellular uptake of DOX- loaded MGNSs and the subsequent pH and temperature-mediated release were demonstrated in differentiated human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） as well as epithelial HeLa cells. The presence of embedded iron and gold NPs in silica shells and polymer-coating are supported by SEM and TEM. Fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy documented DOX loading in the MGNSs. Time-dependent transport of MGNSs guided by an external magnetic field was observed in both glass capillary tubes and in the porous hydrogel. AFM results affirmed that the stiffness of the hydrogels model the rigidity range from soft tissues to bone. pH and temperature-dependent drug release analysis showed stimuli responsive and gradual drug release. Cells＇ viability MTT assays showed that MGNSs are non-toxic. The cell death from on-demand DOX release was observed in both neurons and epithelial cells even though the drug release efficiency was higher in neurons. Therefore, development of smart nanoshuttles have significant translational potential for controlled delivery of theranostics＇ payloads and precisely guided transport in specified tissues and organs （for example, bone, cartilage, tendon, bone marrow, heart, lung, liver, kidney, and brain） for highly efficient personalized medicine applications.

Serotonin enrichment of rice endosperm by metabolic engineering

In animals,serotonin is a neurotransmitter and mood regulator.In plants,serotonin functions in energy acquisition,tissue maintenance,delay of senescence,and response to biotic and abiotic stresses.In this study,we examined the effect of serotonin enrichment of rice endosperm on plant growth,endosperm development,and grain quality.To do so,TDCs and T5H were selected as targets for serotonin fortification.Overexpression of TDC1 or TDC3 increased serotonin accumulation relative to overexpression of T5H in rice grain.Transgenic lines of target genes driven by the Gt1 promoter showed better field performance than those driven by the Ubi promoter.Overexpression of T5H showed little effect on plant growth or grain physicochemical quality.In neuronal cell culture assays,serotonin induced neuroprotective action against apoptosis.Breeding of rice cultivars with high serotonin content may be beneficial for health and nutrition.

DDA Simulations of Large Flume Tests and Large Landslides Triggered by the Wenchuan Earthquake

This paper presents some numerical simulations using Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA). First, DDA was applied to reproduce a series of granular flows released in a large flume. The comparison between simulated velocity and that measured in the tests demonstrates the effectiveness of DDA on description of kinematic behavior of blocky assembly. Simulated results were highly sensitive to the shape and angularity of blocky elements. Employing unrealistic block might result in different behavior from real situation. Second, three large landslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake were simulated. A well agreement with field data was obtained if apparent friction coefficient determined by post-analysis was adopted.

A New Heptamethine Cyanine-Based Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Divalent Copper Ions with High Selectivity

A new near-infrared fluorophore 2-(2-Aminoethyl) pyridine-tricarbocyanine (1) was rationally designed and synthe-sized as a fluorescent probe for detection of Cu2+ with high selectivity. The response of Probe 1 is based on the fluorescence quenching upon binding to Cu2+. The sensing performance of the proposed Cu2+-sensitive Probe 1 was then investigated. The probe can be applied to the quantification detection of Cu2+ with a linear concentration range covering from 4.8 × 10-7 to 1.6 × 10-4 mol/L and a detection limit of 9.3 × 10-8 mol/L. The experimental results showed that the response of 1 to Cu2+ was independent of pH in medium condition (pH 6.0-8.0), and exhibited excellent selectivity towards Cu2+ over other common metal cations.

Analysis on the medication rule of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19 patients

Objective: To describe patterns of utilization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods: Adult patients with COVID-19 who received TCM treatment were divided into a non-serious group(mild and moderate types) and a serious group(severe and critical types) according to their admission conditions. The medical records and prescriptions of these patients were investigated to determine their TCM utilization patterns.Results: In all, 3,872 COVID-19 patients were included. Oral Chinese traditional patent medicine(CPM) was the most commonly used type of TCM(83.2%), fol owed by decoction(64.4%). As for medication pattern, the proportion of multi-drug combinations was higher than single drug use(55.0% vs. 45.0%). Decoction combined with oral CPM was the most common combination(39.1%,1,514/3,872). Oral y administered, injected, and external y applied CPM were significantly more common in the serious group than in the non-serious, while decoction and non-drug TCM treatments were more common in the non-serious than in the serious group.Multi-drug combinations were used for the majority of patients in both groups, mainly in the form of decoction combined with oral CPM.Serious patients were analysed by three groups of different prognoses and outcomes, including discharged after improvement,discharged after relapse and improvement, died final y. The two most common medication patterns were decoction combined with oral CPM and oral CPM alone in the two final y discharged groups. Oral CPM alone or used in combination with injected CPM were seen most commonly in the death group. Significant differences were established in medication patterns among patients in these three groups.Conclusions: Oral CPM was the mainly used TCM for COVID-19 patients, followed by decoction. More common medication pattern was multi-drug combination, especially decoction combined with oral CPM. The treatment measures and medication patterns of TCM commonly used in COVID-19 patients with the range of conditions found in this study should be further explored in the future to provide a more complete reference for COVID-19 treatment.

Transcriptome and chemical analyses identify candidate genes associated with flower color shift in a natural mutant of Chrysanthemum × morifolium

Flower color variation in Chrysanthemum×morifolium is an important horticultural trait.This study identifies a natural bud sprout mutant of chrysanthemum cultivar Hanluhong(HLH)which normally produces red flowers.In the mutant(hlh),the tip of the petals turn golden yellow and gradually turn yellow from tip to the base.After two years of consecutive propagation through cuttings,the mutant traits were stable.Here,the contents of carotenoids and anthocyanidins were determined by HPLC-MS/MS.Compared to HLH,the hlh displayed significantly higher contents of lutein.Then we comparatively analyzed the transcriptome of the ray florets tissues during three flower developmental stages.Higher number of stage specific DEGs were found in mutant cultivar as compared to wild type.About 200 DEGs were filtered related to the metabolism of flavonoids,carotenoids,terpenoids,and anthocyanins.Combined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)and qRT-PCR verification,CHI,DFR,ANS and CCD4 genes involved in anthocyanins biosynthesis and carotenoids degradation were identified as candidate genes.Among the transcription factors,MYB,bHLH and WD40 members showed significant expression variations between the two cultivars.These results improve our understanding of flower color variation especially red and yellow color transition in chrysanthemum.

Public Policy Qualities and Training of New Engineering Talents in China-Based on the Practice and Enlightenment of EPP Professional Talent Training at Carnegie Mellon University

As a measure for higher engineering education in the new era to deal with a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial reform,China,s new engineering construction is an important strategic deployment to cultivate diversified and innovative engineering talents.In order to promote the new engineering construction in an all-rounded wa%talent training is the key.Compared with traditional engineering talents,new engineering talents need to have richer values and normative knowledge,especially public policy qualities,which is the ability that new engineering talents should have in this complex and changeable environment.The EPP(Engineering and Public Policy)professional training model at Carnegie Mellon University provides useful practical experience for the cultivation of public policy qualities of new engineering talents.

Transcriptomic and Macroscopic Architectures of Multimodal Covariance Network Reveal Molecular–Structural–Functional Co-alterations

Human cognition is usually underpinned by intrinsic structure and functional neural co-activation in spatially distributed brain regions.Owing to lacking an effective approach to quantifying the covarying of structure and functional responses,how the structural–functional circuits interact and how genes encode the relationships,to deepen our knowledge of human cognition and disease,are still unclear.Here,we propose a multimodal covariance network(MCN)construction approach to capture interregional covarying of the structural skeleton and transient functional activities for a single individual.We further explored the potential association between brain-wide gene expression patterns and structural–functional covarying in individuals involved in a gambling task and individuals with major depression disorder(MDD),adopting multimodal data from a publicly available human brain transcriptomic atlas and 2 independent cohorts.MCN analysis showed a replicable cortical structural–functional fine map in healthy individuals,and the expression of cognition-and disease phenotype-related genes was found to be spatially correlated with the corresponding MCN differences.Further analysis of cell type-specific signature genes suggests that the excitatory and inhibitory neuron transcriptomic changes could account for most of the observed correlation with task-evoked MCN differences.

热激活延迟荧光材料的光物理行为及性能预测

热激活延迟荧光(Thermally activated delayed fluorescence,TADF)材料由于三线态激子可通过反系间窜越(Reverse intersystem crossing,RISC)转换为单线态激子,在有机发光二极管(Organic light-emitting diodes,OLEDs)中理论上可达到100%的激子利用率而被广泛关注。但实验上开发设计高性能TADF材料较为复杂且研究周期较长,理论研究可以从本质上建立材料结构-性能的关系,预测材料的性质并提供一定的分子设计策略。本文围绕高性能TADF材料的开发,从发光原理出发,系统阐述了分子的设计策略及光物理参数如材料单-三线态能级差(Single-triplet energy gap,ΔE_(ST))、系间/反系间窜越速率、吸收/发射光谱、辐射/非辐射速率等的计算原理、计算方法和研究进展。最后我们探讨了TADF材料理论研究面临的机遇和挑战,通过对TADF材料的理论研究综述和研究前景的展望,期待吸引更多的研究工作者,推动该领域的发展和突破。

Advances in green synthesis and applications of graphene

Green synthesis has grabbed appreciable attention to eliminate the negative effects associated with various chemical processes. Due to the unparalleled electrical, mechanical, thermal and excellent physical properties, graphene, as the thinnest two-dimensional material with high surface area, has the unfathomable potential in the domain of green chemistry in terms of both synthesis and application. In this regard, we present an overview of the research progresses on the greener synthesis of graphene, including micromechanical exfoliation, chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO), chemical vapor synthesis and popping of GO. Meanwhile, various applications of graphene pertinent to sustainable developments, such as energy storage, catalysis, electrochemistry, fuel cell, supercapacitor and biomedicine have also been highlighted.

Self-assembled FeS-based cascade bioreactor with enhanced tumor penetration and synergistic treatments to trigger robust cancer immunotherapy

Major challenges for cancer treatment are how to effectively eliminate primary tumor and sufficiently induce immunogenic cell death(ICD)to provoke a robust immune response for metastasis control.Here,a self-assembled cascade bioreactor was developed to improve cancer treatment with enhanced tumor penetration and synergistic therapy of starvation,chemodynamic(CDT)and photothermal therapy.Ultrasmall Fe S-GOx nanodots were synthesized with glucose oxidase(GOx)as template and induced by paclitaxel(PTX)to form self-assembling Fe S-GOx@PTX(FGP)via hydrophobic interaction.After accumulated at tumor sites,FGP disassembles to smaller Fe S-GOx for enhanced deep tumor penetration.GOx maintains high enzymatic activity to catalyze glucose with assistant of oxygen to generate hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)as starvation therapy.Fenton reaction involving the regenerated H_(2)O_(2) in turn produced more hydroxyl radicals for enhanced CDT.Following near-infrared laser at 808 nm,FGPs displayed pronounced tumor inhibition in vitro and in vivo by the combination therapy.The consequent increased exposure to calreticulin amplified ICD and promoted dendritic cells maturation.In combination with anti-CTLA4 checkpoint blockade,FGP can absolutely eliminate primary tumor and avidly inhibit distant tumors due to the enhanced intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.Our work presents a promising strategy for primary tumor and metastasis inhibition.

Preparation of ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) high oxygen resistant coating using nonequilibrium state powders by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

To achieve high oxygen blocking structure of the ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) coating applied on carbon structural material,ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) coating was prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)method utilizing ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) composite powders synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS)technique as raw materials.The oxygen blocking mechanism of the ZrB_(2)-MoSi_(2) coatings at 1973 K was investigated.Compared with commercial powders,the coatings prepared by SHS powders exhibited superior density and inferior oxidation activity,which significantly heightened the structural oxygen blocking ability of the coatings in the active oxidation stage,thus characterizing higher oxidation protection efficiency.The rise of MoSi_(2) content facilitated the dispersion of transition metal oxide nanocrystals(5-20 nm)in the SiO_(2) glass layer and conduced to the increasing viscosity,thus strengthening the inerting impact of the compound glass layer in the inert oxidation stage.Nevertheless,the ZrB_(2)-40 vol% MoSi_(2) coating sample prepared by SHS powders presented the lowest oxygen permeability of 0.3% and carbon loss rate of 0.29×10^(6)g·cm^(-2)·s^(-1).Owing to the gradient oxygen partial pressure inside the coatings,the Si-depleted layer was developed under the compound glass layer,which brought about acute oxygen erosion.

Magic-sized CdSe nanoclusters for efficient visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution

Semiconductor magic-sized nanoclusters have got tremendous interests owing to their distinct chemical and photophysical properties,however,researches concerning their applications are still quite limited.Herein,we employ magic-sized CdSe nanoclusters as the light absorber for hydrogen photogeneration,which exhibits much better photocatalytic performance as compared to other conventional semiconductor quantum dots,such as CdS,CdSe,CdS/CdSe,and CdSe/CdS under identical conditions.Photoluminescence lifetime and transient absorption studies indicated that the superior activity is mainly ascribed to the longer exciton lifetime and fast electron transfer from nanoclusters to cocatalyst.Moreover,the issue of instability during reaction could be significantly inhibited by anchoring Zn2+onto the surface of nanoclusters,which gives the average efficacy of hydrogen evolution at 0.61±0.07 mL·h^(-1)·mgcatalyst^(-1),i.e.,27.3±2.9 mmol·h^(-1)·g_(catalyst)^(-1)(420 nm)with maintained 95.2%of original activity over 12 h illumination.

Solution-processed multi-resonance organic light-emitting diodes with high efficiency and narrowband emission

With excellent color purity(full-width half maximum(FWHM)<40 nm)and high quantum yield,multiresonance(MR)molecules can harvest both singlet and triplet excitons for highly efficient narrowband organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)owing to their thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)nature.However,the highly rigid molecular skeleton with the oppositely positioned bo ron and nitrogen in generating MR effects results in the intrinsic difficulties in the solution-processing of MR-OLEDs.Here,we demonstrate a facile strategy to increase the solubility,enhance the efficiencies and modulate emission color of MR-TADF molecules by extending aromatic rings and introducing tert-butyls into the MR backbone.Two MR-TADF emitters with smaller singlet-triplet splitting energies(ΔE~(ST))and larger oscillator strengths were prepared conveniently,and the solution-processed MR-OLEDs were fabricated for the first time,exhibiting efficient bluish-green electroluminescence with narrow FWHM of 32 nm and external quantum efficiency of 16.3%,which are even comparable to the state-of-the-art performances of the vacuum-evaporated devices.These results prove the feasibility of designing efficient solutionprocessible MR molecules,offering important clues in developing high-performance solution-processed MR-OLEDs with high efficiency and color purity.

Vector Control Strategy of a T-type Three-level Converter Driving a Switched Reluctance Motor

A novel 12 voltage vector control strategy for switched reluctance motors(SRM)with a T-type three-level converter is proposed in this study.Based on a causal analysis of torque ripple under the control of conventional six voltage vectors,six new voltage vectors are added for further reduction of torque ripple.An optimized control rule is adopted based on the division method of the 12 new voltage vectors.A zero-voltage vector is used to adjust the duration of the 12 voltage vectors,the time of which is varied at different parts of the vector sectors according to the torque error.In addition,the windings are connected in a delta configuration,therefore,the number of connections between the converter and SRM is reduced.Finally,the results of MATLAB/Simulink and RT-LAB are presented to verify the validity of the proposed scheme.