Logopenic变异型原发性进行性失语病例报道1例

目的:Logopenic变异型原发性进行性失语(logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia,lvPPA)临床较为少见,大部分lvPPA与阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)具有典型的病理改变,相较以记忆障碍起病的典型AD,以非遗忘综合征起病的不典型AD容易被误诊或漏诊。分享1例以非流利型口语障碍为首发症状的不典型AD-Logopenic变异型原发性进行性失语患者,以期为临床医生提供非典型AD的临床诊治经验。方法:报告1例非典型阿尔茨海默病lvPPA患者的临床、影像学、实验室检查等特点,并结合文献进行复习。结果:早非典型AD-Logopenic变异型原发性进行性失语主要表现为早期出现的自发语言和命名过程中单个词语的取词困难及语句复述能力下降。详细地询问病史,体格检查,及生物标记物的检测、PET或基因检测可助于早期诊断。

Effects of surface chlorine atoms on charge distribution and reaction barriers for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction

Photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction to produce high value-added carbon-based fuel has been proposed as a promising approach to mitigate global warming issues.However,the conversion efficiency and product selectivity are still low due to the sluggish dynamics of transfer processes involved in proton-assisted multi-electron reactions.Lowering the formation energy barriers of intermediate products is an effective method to enhance the selectivity and productivity of final products.In this study,we aim to regulate the surface electronic structure of Bi_(2)WO_(6)by doping surface chlorine atoms to achieve effective photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.Surface Cl atoms can enhance the absorption ability of light,affect its energy band structure and promote charge separation.Combined with DFT calculations,it is revealed that surface Cl atoms can not only change the surface charge distribution which affects the competitive adsorption of H_(2)O and CO_(2),but also lower the formation energy barrier of intermediate products to generate more intermediate*COOH,thus facilitating CO production.Overall,this study demonstrates a promising surface halogenation strategy to enhance the photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction activity of a layered structure Bi-based catalyst.

Progress of Immunotherapy Combined with Anti-Angiogenesis Therapy in Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is the most prevalent and fatal cancer in China and even around the world, and many patients are found in the late stage of lung cancer. For the treatment of advanced lung cancer, in addition to traditional chemotherapy modalities, many emerging treatments are increasingly significant, such as immunotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy, and targeted therapy. An increasing number of studies have now shown that anti-angiogenic therapy improves the immune microenvironment by enhancing tumor immunity through normalization of tumor vessels. Immunization combined with anti-angiogenic therapy can exert synergistic effects and improve the prognosis of patients. This article summarizes the extent of benefit, current clinical study data, and future prospects of immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic agents in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Efficacy and Safety of Primary Radiotherapy in Combination with EGFR-TKIs for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring EGFR Mutation

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKI with the radiotherapy in EGFR mutant metastatic NSCLC. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 72 patients with stage IV lung cancer with EGFR-sensitive mutation. Patients in the A group were treated with the first-generation EGFR-TKI (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor) combined with radiotherapy for primary tumors (34 cases). The B group was treated with the first-generation EGFR-TKI alone until the disease progressed (38 cases). PFS, OS, pulmonary infection and hematological toxicity during treatment were commented in both groups. Results: The objective remission rate was 47.1% (16/34) in the A group and 21.1% (8/38) in the B group. There was a significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference in hematological toxicity between the A group and the B group. There were 10 patients (29.4%) with degree II pulmonary infection in the A group and 3 patients (7.9%) in the B group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant, suggesting that the incidence of pneumonia in the A group was higher than that in the B group. The median PFS (Progression-Free Survival)) and OS (Overall Survival) of the A group were significantly longer than those of the B group (16.5 months vs 9 months) and the median OS (36 months vs 19 months). The PFS and OS in the A group were significantly longer than those in the B group. Conclusion: EGFR-TKI combined with primary radiotherapy can significantly prolong the drug resistance time of EGFR mutant metastatic NSCLC.

The ubiquity and coexistence of two FBPases in chloroplasts of photosynthetic eukaryotes and its evolutionary and functional implications

In photosynthetic eukaryotes,there are two well-characterized fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases(FBPases):the redox-insensitive cytosolic FBPase(cyFBPase),which participates in gluconeogenesis,and the redoxsensitive chloroplastic FBPase(cpFBPasel),which is a critical enzyme in the Calvin cycle.Recent studies have identified a new chloroplastic FBPase,cpFBPase2;however,its phylogenetic distribution,evolutionary origin,and physiological function remain unclear.In this study,we identified and characterized these three FBPase isoforms in diverse,representative photosynthetic lineages and analyzed their phylogeny.In contrast to previous hypotheses,we found that cpFBPase2 is ubiquitous in photo synthetic eukaryotes.Additionally,all cpFBPase2 s from diverse lineages form a monophyly,suggesting cpFBPase2 is not a recently evolved enzyme restricted to land plants but rather evolved early in the evolution of photo synthetic organisms,and most likely,in the common ancestor of photosynthetic eukaryotes.cyFBPase was probably first duplicated to produce cpFBPase2,and then the latter duplicated to produce cpFBPase1.The ubiquitous coexistence of these two cpFBPases in chloroplasts is most likely the consequence of adaptation to different redox conditions of photosynthesis,especially those caused by recurrent changes in light conditions.

Effect of drag reducing riblet surface on coherent structure in turbulent boundary layer

The characteristics of turbulent boundary layer over streamwise aligned drag reducing riblet surface under zero-pressure gradient are investigated using particle image velocimetry. The formation and distribution of large-scale coherent structures and their effect on momentum partition are analyzed using two-point correlation and probability density function. Compared with smooth surface, the streamwise riblets reduce the friction velocity and Reynolds stress in the turbulent boundary layer, indicating the drag reduction effect. Strong correlation has been found between the occurrence of hairpin vortices and the momentum distribution. The number and streamwise length scale of hairpin vortices decrease over streamwise riblet surface. The correlation between number of uniform momentum zones and Reynolds number remains the same as smooth surface.

Recent process in developing advanced heterogeneous diatomic-site metal catalysts for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction

Diatomic-site catalysts(DASCs)have emerged as a kind of promising heterogeneous candidate catalysts for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(ECR),which is considered to retain the advantage of single-atom catalysts(SACs)but also introduce opportunities to exceed the limit of single-atom catalysts.In the past few years,tremendous progress has been achieved in this field.Herein,the recent progress in ECR on DASCs has been summarized.It will start with the classification of DASCs.Then the challenges in the precise fabrication and characterization of DASCs have been emphasized.By introducing the advanced ECR performance on DASCs,superior to that on SACs,the synergistic effects of the dual metal atoms are highlighted,as this origin of the advanced ECR performance on DASCs is comprehensively summarized.Finally,the major challenges and perspectives of DASCs have been proposed to shed light on the development of DASCs for ECR application.

Indium-based electrocatalysts for CO_(2) reduction to C1 products

Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction at mild conditions is a promising strategy to transform greenhouse gases into fuels or value-added chemicals to solve the increasingly serious environmental and energy problems.The most crucial factor in determining the CO_(2) reduction performance is to develop efficient electrocatalysts with high selectivity and stability.Among the various electrocatalysts,indium-based catalysts have attracted extensive attention due to their non-toxicity,low cost,and high formic acid/formate selectivity.In this work,we comprehensively review the recent development and research progress of indium-based electrocatalysts for CO_(2)RR.The reaction mechanism,reaction pathways,structure-activity relationship,and strategies to enhance the activity of CO_(2)RR on indium-based catalysts have also been briefly presented and discussed.Finally,the existing challenges and future developments for indium-based highperformance catalysts for CO_(2)RR are proposed.

基于权限的移动应用程序隐私风险量化

移动设备的普及带来了移动应用程序市场的蓬勃发展,各类服务提供商通过移动应用程序的权限大量收集用户数据,而数据收集过程往往不为用户所知,因此给用户带来极大的隐私风险.对移动应用程序进行隐私风险评估,不仅有助于规范第三方移动应用市场,而且可帮助用户规避潜在的隐私风险,而如何评估移动应用程序可能带来的最大隐私风险则是当前面临的重大挑战.本文通过研究移动应用程序最大化的数据泄露场景,基于权限请求特征和权限分析原则构建隐私风险最大值量化模型.该模型基于权限敏感度、权限类别异常度、权限使用率和权限调用者数量4个参数,对移动应用程序的潜在隐私风险进行评估.在隐私风险量化和恶意应用检测中,对比当前同类型方法,该模型在真实数据集上效果均较优,说明模型的有效性.实验结果进一步表明,该模型可用于改善现有第三方移动应用市场的隐私风险预警机制,进而保护移动用户的隐私.