通用型指数加权移动平均控制图的设计

为提高质量控制图监测微小到中等过程偏移的灵敏度,文章提出一种新的用于过程均值监控的通用型指数加权移动平均(UEWMA)控制图,该控制图是EWMA控制图的一般性推广,根据数据特征,自定义选取平滑系数λ_(1),λ_(2),…,λ_(s),使控制效果达到最优;给出UEWMA控制图的均值与控制限的求取方法,并推导出平均运行长度(ARL)和运行长度标准偏差(SDRL);最后,研究平滑系数对该控制图性能的影响,并将其与现有控制图监测微小到中等过程偏移的灵敏度进行比较。研究结果表明,UEWMA控制图通过数据特征设计平滑系数,具有灵活性好、灵敏度高、扩展性强和控制效果好的特点。

A polarization mismatched p-GaN/p-Al_(0.25)Ga_(0.75)N/p-GaN structure to improve the hole injection for GaN based micro-LED with secondary etched mesa

A low hole injection efficiency for InGaN/GaN micro-light-emitting diodes(μLEDs) has become one of the main bottlenecks affecting the improvement of the external quantum efficiency(EQE) and the optical power. In this work, we propose and fabricate a polarization mismatched p-GaN/p-Al_(0.25)Ga_(0.75)N/p-GaN structure for 445 nm GaN-based μLEDs with the size of 40 × 40 μm^(2), which serves as the hole injection layer. The polarization-induced electric field in the p-GaN/p-Al_(0.25)Ga_(0.75)N/p-GaN structure provides holes with more energy and can facilitate the non-equilibrium holes to transport into the active region for radiative recombination. Meanwhile, a secondary etched mesa for μLEDs is also designed, which can effectively keep the holes apart from the defected region of the mesa sidewalls, and the surface nonradiative recombination can be suppressed. Therefore, the proposed μLED with the secondary etched mesa and the p-GaN/p-Al_(0.25)Ga_(0.75)N/p-GaN structure has the enhanced EQE and the improved optical power density when compared with the μLED without such designs.

Numerical simulation of flow field characteristics and the improvement of pressure oscillation of rotating detonation engine

Due to the inherent working mode of rotating detonation engine(RDE),the detonation flow field has the characteristics of pressure oscillation and axial kinetic energy loss,which makes it difficult to design nozzle and improve propulsion performance.Therefore,in order to improve the characteristics of detonation flow field,the three-dimensional numerical simulation of annular chamber and hollow chamber is carried out with premixed hydrogen/air as fuel in this paper,and then tries to combine the two chambers to weaken the oscillation characteristics of detonation flow field through the interaction of detonation flow field,which is a new method to regulate the detonation flow field.The results show that there are four states of velocity vectors at the outlet of annular chamber and hollow chamber,which makes RDE be affected by rolling moment and results in the loss of axial kinetic energy.In the external flow field of combined chamber,the phenomenon of cyclic reflection of expansion wave and compression wave on the free boundary is observed,which results in Mach disk structure.Moreover,the pressure monitoring points are set at the external flow field.The pressure signal shows that the high-frequency pressure oscillation at the external flow field of the combined chamber has been greatly weakened.Compared to the annular chamber,the relative standard deviation(RSD) has been reduced from 14.6% to5.6%.The results thus demonstrate that this method is feasible to adjust the pressure oscillation characteristics of the detonation flow field,and is of great significance to promote the potential of RDE and nozzle design.

Two Families of Multipoint Root-Solvers Using Inverse Interpolation with Memory

In this paper, a general family of derivative-free n + 1-point iterative methods using n + 1 evaluations of the function and a general family of n-point iterative methods using n evaluations of the function and only one evaluation of its derivative are constructed by the inverse interpolation with the memory on the previous step for solving the simple root of a nonlinear equation. The order and order of convergence of them are proved respectively. Finally, the proposed methods and the basins of attraction are demonstrated by the numerical examples.

Numerical Solution of Quasilinear Singularly Perturbed Problems by the Principle of Equidistribution

In this paper, the numerical solution and its error analysis of quasilinear singular perturbation two-point boundary value problems based on the principle of equidistribution are given. On the non-uniform grid of the uniformly distributed arc-length monitor function, the solution of the simple upwind scheme is obtained. It is proved that the adaptive simple upwind scheme based on the principle of equidistribution has uniform convergence for small perturbation parameters. Numerical experiments are carried out and the error analysis are confirmed.

面向大规模定制的改进型AEWMAQ控制图应用研究

针对大规模定制(MC)生产模式下产品质量特征值不足、参数情况未知、监测不灵敏等因素造成的过程质量控制难以实施的问题,提出基于Q统计量的改进型自适应移动加权平均控制图(AEWMAQ)。通过成组技术形成产品族,利用Q统计量将相似产品的质量特征值标准化;利用标准化后的数据绘制改进型AEWMA控制图。该方法能够解决不同参数条件下数据源不足的问题,并可改善控制图对微小、中等和较大偏移监测灵敏度不足的情况,使得控制效果得到显著提升。结果表明:与传统方法相比,AEWMAQ控制图具有更好的灵敏性、更强的检测能力。

Experimental Research on the Propagation Process of Continuous Rotating Detonation Wave

In order to study the propagation mechanism of continuous rotating detonation wave,the H2/air continuous rotating detonation engine ignited by tangentially installed H2/O2pre-detonation tube is studied experimentally using a tilt slot injector structure.The experimental results show that the stable rotating detonation wave can be gained successfully with the equivalent ratio of 0.93.The propagation frequency and velocity of rotating detonation wave range from 5200 to 5500 Hz and from 1518.5 to 1606.1 m/s,respectively.Three propagation modes,such as rotation,reversal and bifurcation,of detonation wave are verified through the analysis of propagation mechanism of rotating detonation wave.

Experimental research on the instability propagation characteristics of liquid kerosene rotating detonation wave

In order to study the instability propagation characteristics of the liquid kerosene rotating detonation wave(RDW),a series of experimental tests were carried out on the rotating detonation combustor(RDC)with air-heater.The fuel and oxidizer are room-temperature liquid kerosene and preheated oxygenenriched air,respectively.The experimental tests keep the equivalence ratio of 0.81 and the oxygen mass fraction of 35%unchanged,and the total mass flow rate is maintained at about 1000 g/s,changing the total temperature of the oxygen-enriched air from 620 K to 860 K.Three different types of instability were observed in the experiments:temporal and spatial instability,mode transition and re-initiation.The interaction between RDW and supply plenum may be the main reason for the fluctuations of detonation wave velocity and pressure peaks with time.Moreover,the inconsistent mixing of fuel and oxidizer at different circumferential positions is related to RDW oscillate spatially.The phenomenon of single-double-single wave transition is analyzed.During the transition,the initial RDW weakens until disappears,and the compression wave strengthens until it becomes a new RDWand propagates steadily.The increased deflagration between the detonation products and the fresh gas layer caused by excessively high temperature is one of the reasons for the RDC quenching and re-initiation.

DERL3影响肺腺癌细胞A549增殖、侵袭转移的机制

背景与目的内质网蛋白降解3(Derlin 3,DERL3)的表达水平与结直肠癌患者的淋巴转移与远处转移密切相关,然而其在肺腺癌中的表达和生物学行为研究甚少。本研究旨在探讨DERL3在肺腺癌组织中的异位表达及其对肺腺癌A549细胞系侵袭转移的影响,以揭示其影响肺腺癌侵袭转移的可能机制。方法肺腺癌微阵列基因芯片分析有无淋巴结转移肺腺癌组织各3例。GEDS与Kaplan-Meier plot查询DERL3在癌症中表达情况与生存曲线。采用Western blot检测细胞中DERL3表达与质粒转染效率。敲低DERL3基因后,采用Transwell检测肺腺癌细胞穿过小室基底膜的数量。采用5-乙炔基-2′脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(EDU)检测细胞增殖能力。采用Western blot方法检测与上皮间质转化相关的E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和波形蛋白(Vimentin)的表达情况。结果微阵列基因芯片结果显示有淋巴结转移的肺腺癌组织中总共有400个表达下调的mRNAs、1,314个上调的mRNAs。DERL3在肺腺癌组织中明显上调(P<0.05)。生存曲线结果显示DERL3高表达肺癌患者的预后差(P<0.05)。Western blot结果提示质粒敲除成功。敲低DERL3后细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭能力受到抑制(P<0.05)。敲低DERL3后,Vimentin表达水平下降,E-cadherin表达上升(P<0.05)。结论敲低DERL3基因可抑制A549细胞系的增殖、侵袭与转移能力。

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper,the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE)are numerically investigated,and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation,instabilities,and propulsive performance.A hybrid MPI t OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC)systems.A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa,1.5 MPa,2 MPa,and the equivalence ratio of 0.9,1,1.4 are simulated.On one hand,the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves.The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure(1 MPa)and weakened with the increase of the total pressure.The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse.On the other hand,the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities,while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit.It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition.Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9,1,and 1.4.The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases,which is around 2700 s.The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.

Influence of propagation direction on operation performance of rotating detonation combustor with turbine guide vane

Due to the pressure gain combustion characteristics,the rotating detonation combustor(RDC)can enhance thermodynamic cycle efficiency.Therefore,the performance of gas-turbine engine can be further improved with this combustion technology.In the present study,the RDC operation performance with a turbine guide vane(TGV)is experimentally investigated.Hydrogen and air are used as propellants while hydrogen and air mass flow rate are about 16.1 g/s and 500 g/s and the equivalence ratio is about 1.0.A pre-detonator is used to ignite the mixture.High-frequency dynamic pressure transducers and silicon pressure sensors are employed to measure pressure oscillations and static pressure in the combustion chamber.The experimental results show that the steady propagation of rotating detonation wave(RDW)is observed in the combustion chamber and the mean propagation velocity is above 1650 m/s,reaching over 84%of theoretical Chapman-Jouguet detonation velocity.Clockwise and counterclockwise propagation directions of RDW are obtained.For clockwise propagation direction,the static pressure is about 15%higher in the combustor compared with counterclockwise propagation direction,but the RDW dominant frequency is lower.When the oblique shock wave propagates across the TGV,the pressure oscillations reduces significantly.In addition,as the detonation products flow through the TGV,the static pressure drops up to 32%and 43%for clockwise and counterclockwise propagation process respectively.

膨胀土-光纤界面力学性质试验

通过室内光纤拉拔试验,分别研究不同影响因素(土体干密度、土体含水量和土体上覆压力)下膨胀土-光纤界面的力学特性。试验结果表明,各组膨胀土光纤界面的位移-拉力曲线具有相似的规律,即拉力随位移先线性增大至峰值,然后逐步降低,最后趋于稳定。基于描述光纤-膨胀土界面位移-拉力的3段式拉拔模型分析得出,在相同条件下,光纤土体界面剪切强度与土体干密度、上覆压力成正相关,与土体含水率成负相关。

Perfect pair,scopes unite—laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical gastroscopy for gallbladder-preserving polypectomy:A case report

BACKGROUND Gallbladder polyps are one indication for cholecystectomy,but this procedure carries some disadvantages,including the potential for severe injury and high risk of post-operative complications.Laparoscopy combined with endoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive treatment option.We herein report a young patient with a gallbladder polyp who was successfully discharged from the hospital after laparoscopic-assisted endoscopy.This procedure may offer an alternative in the management of such lesions.CASE SUMMARY A 24-year-old female patient was hospitalized primarily for a gallbladder polyp.Due to the surgical risk associated with cholecystectomy and the low postoperative quality of life,the woman underwent laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical gastroscopy for gallbladder-preserving polypectomy under endotracheal intubation and general anaesthesia.The operation went smoothly.CONCLUSION We conclude laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical gastroscopy for gallbladderpreserving polypectomy is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of gallbladder polyps.

基于Excel/Minitab的大规模定制开放式交互质量控制系统设计

大规模定制生产的质量控制体系建立在全面质量管理基础上,针对制造型企业采用大规模定制生产模式的特点,为提高质量控制系统的效率,提出改进型AEWMAQ控制图。使用TURNSIM仿真系统模拟相关数据,通过VBA创建用户自定义动态数据交换对Excel/Minitab交互系统进行二次开发,实现数据实时共享。通过实验验证了此交互系统的可行性,且AEWMAQ控制图较传统控制图具有更高的灵敏性和预测能力。将该系统运用于大规模定制生产的过程质量控制中,提升了质量监控的便捷性,同时降低了企业的生产成本。

肝硬化患者外周血单核细胞绝对值检测的临床意义

目的:探讨肝硬化患者外周血单核细胞绝对值检测的临床意义。方法:分别检测216例健康体检者和5 058例肝硬化患者的外周血单核细胞绝对值,分析外周血单核细胞绝对值变化与肝硬化患者的预后、肝功能损害程度以及并发症的关系。结果:观察组外周血单核细胞绝对值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肝硬化死亡组外周血单核细胞绝对值高于肝硬化存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。外周血单核细胞绝对值与肝功能分级的相关系数0.35。结论:肝硬化患者外周血单核细胞绝对值明显升高,并与肝硬化患者的预后、肝功能损害程度、是否并发肝性脑病及上消化道出血等因素有密切关系。

Baseline optimization for scalar magnetometer array and its application in magnetic target localization

Generally, a magnetic target can be described with six parameters, three describing the position and three describing the magnetic moment. Due to a lack of sufficient components from one magnetometer, we need more than one magnetometer when locating the magnetic target. Thus, a magnetometer array should be designed. The baseline of the array is an important factor that affects the localization accuracy of the target. In this paper, we focus on the localization of a static target by using a scalar magnetometer array. We present the scalar magnetometer array with a cross-shaped structure.We propose a method of determining the optimal baseline according to the parameters of the magnetometer and detection requirements. In the method, we use the traditional signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） as a performance index, and obtain the optimal baseline of the array by using the Monte Carlo method. The proposed method of determining the optimal baseline is verified in simulation. The arrays with different baselines are used to locate a static magnetic target. The results show that the location performance is better when using the array with the optimal baseline determined by the proposed method.

The uniform convergence of upwind schemes on layer-adapted meshes for a singularly perturbed Robin BVP

In this paper, we discuss the uniform convergence of the simple upwind scheme on the Shishkin mesh and the Bakhvalov-Shishkin mesh for solving a singularly perturbed Robin boundary value problem, and investigate the midpoint upwind scheme on the Shishkin mesh and the Bakhvalov-Shishkin mesh to achieve better uniform convergence. The elaborate ε-uniform pointwise estimates are proved by using the comparison principle and barrier functions. The numerical experiments support the theoretical results for the schemes on the meshes.

Self-accelerating two-step Steffensen-type methods with memory and their applications on the solution of nonlinear BVPs

In this paper, seven self-accelerating iterative methods with memory are derived from an optimal two-step Steffensen-type method without memory for solving nonlinear equations, their orders of convergence are proved to be increased,?numerical examples are demonstrat-ed demonstrated to verify the theoretical results, and applications for solving systems of nonlinear equations and BVPs of nonlinear ODEs are illustrated.

Effects of terbutaline combined with methylprednisolone on pulmonary function, blood gas analysis and inflammatory factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective: To investigate the effects of terbutaline combined with methylprednisolone on pulmonary function, blood gas analysis and inflammatory factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A total of 100 patients with COPD were randomly divided into control group (n=50) and observation group (n=50) according to the lottery method. Both groups were treated with conventional therapy. On this basis, the control group was given inhalation of terbutaline. The observation group was given terbutaline inhalation and combination therapy with methylprednisolone. The changes of lung function, changes of blood gas analysis and inflammatory factors were measured before and after treatment in both groups. Results: There were no significant differences in lung function between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of FVC and FEV1 in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and that of the observation group was higher than those of the control group. Before treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups. After treatment, PaO2 levels in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and that of the observation group was higher than those of the control group. After treatment, PaCO2 levels in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group after treatment. There were no significant differences in the levels of inflammatory factors between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of PCT and TNF-α in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and those of the observation group was lower than those of the control group after treatment. Conclusion: The effect of Terbutaline combined with methylprednisolone treatment of COPD is better, which can significantly improve lung function, stable blood gas analysis, reduce the concentration of inflammatory factors, and be a potential effective treatment programs.

Research Progress of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Evaluation of Early Cholangiocarcinoma

Epidemiological data show that the incidence rate of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)has been increasing over the past 20 years.Due to its concealment of clinical manifestations,most patients are diagnosed with CCA at a late stage.On this premise,this review not only discusses the research progress related to CCA diagnosis,but also focuses on the concept of circulating tumor cell(CTC),its evaluation value,application,and prospects for the early diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.