A Selective‑Response Hypersensitive Bio‑Inspired Strain Sensor Enabled by Hysteresis Effect and Parallel Through‑Slits Structures

Flexible strain sensors are promising in sensing minuscule mechanical signals,and thereby widely used in various advanced fields.However,the effective integration of hypersensitivity and highly selective response into one flexible strain sensor remains a huge challenge.Herein,inspired by the hysteresis strategy of the scorpion slit receptor,a bio-inspired flexible strain sensor(BFSS)with parallel through-slit arrays is designed and fabricated.Specifically,BFSS consists of conductive monolayer graphene and viscoelastic styrene–isoprene–styrene block copolymer.Under the synergistic effect of the bio-inspired slit structures and flexible viscoelastic materials,BFSS can achieve both hypersensitivity and highly selective frequency response.Remarkably,the BFSS exhibits a high gage factor of 657.36,and a precise identification of vibration frequencies at a resolution of 0.2 Hz through undergoing different morphological changes to high-frequency vibration and low-frequency vibration.Moreover,the BFSS possesses a wide frequency detection range(103 Hz)and stable durability(1000 cycles).It can sense and recognize vibration signals with different characteristics,including the frequency,amplitude,and waveform.This work,which turns the hysteresis effect into a"treasure,"can provide new design ideas for sensors for potential applications including human–computer interaction and health monitoring of mechanical equipment.

Generalized Quantum Measurement in Spin-Correlated Hyperon-Antihyperon Decays

The rapid developments of quantum information science(QIS)have opened up new avenues for exploring fundamental physics.Quantum nonlocality,a key aspect for distinguishing quantum information from classical one,has undergone extensive examinations in particles’decays through the violation of Bell-type inequalities.Despite these advancements,a comprehensive framework based on quantum information theory for particle interaction is still lacking.Trying to close this gap,we introduce a generalized quantum measurement description for decay processes of spin-1/2 hyperons.We validate this approach by aligning it with established theoretical calculations and apply it to the joint decay of ΛΛ pairs.We employ quantum simulation to observe the violation of Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequalities in η_(c)/χ_(c0)→ΛΛˉprocesses.Our generalized measurement description is adaptable and can be extended to a variety of high energy processes,including decays of vector mesons,J/ψ,ψ(2S)→ΛΛ,in the Beijing Spectrometer Ⅲ(BESⅢ)experiment at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider(BEPC).The methodology developed in this study can be applied to quantum correlation and information processing in fundamental interactions.

学科交叉视域下化学创新人才培养的探索

新时代出现知识生产多元性、学科交叉性和创新协同性特征,工科院校理科人才培养机制迫切需要随时代发展改革创新、与时俱进。哈尔滨工业大学理科材料化学专业在二十年的建设和发展中,对接国家航天重大战略需求,探索出了独具航天国防特色、与国家一流专业相适应“三位一体,多维融合”的多学科交叉的“大化学”的理科专业培养模式,对其形成过程、内涵、模块化知识体系构建和“三导三实”跨界整合实践能力培养进行了系统研究和实施。

Expert consensus on the technical specifications of the in vitro skin penetration test of cosmetic product by Franz diffusion cell

Background:Diffusion cell test is one of the most commonly used in vitro model to detect the percutaneous absorption of cosmetic ingredients.Although PRC State Administration of Quality Supervision and Quarantine has issued the guideline for the in vitro test method for the percutaneous absorption of drug molecules,there is still a lack of guideline for the percutaneous absorption test of cosmetic components.Objective:In order to improve the standardized level and make the in vitro percutaneous absorption test of cosmetic ingredients more comparable,based on the international and domestic experience,Transdermal Drug Delivery Committee of the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies organized the experts to discuss and formed this consensus as reference for the percutaneous absorption test of cosmetic components.Materials and Methods:To standardize the in vitro diffusion cell test technique for transdermal penetration of functional cosmetic ingredients,the Transdermal Drug Delivery Professional Committee of the World Federation of Societies of Traditional Chinese Medicine has organized many discussions among experts.

Perturbation Analysis for the Matrix-Scaled Total Least Squares Problem

In this paper, we extend matrix scaled total least squares (MSTLS) problem with a single right-hand side to the case of multiple right-hand sides. Firstly, under some mild conditions, this paper gives an explicit expression of the minimum norm solution of MSTLS problem with multiple right-hand sides. Then, we present the Kronecker-product-based formulae for the normwise, mixed and componentwise condition numbers of the MSTLS problem. For easy estimation, we also exhibit Kronecker-product-free upper bounds for these condition numbers. All these results can reduce to those of the total least squares (TLS) problem which were given by Zheng et al. Finally, two numerical experiments are performed to illustrate our results.

ILK SiRNA对TGF-β_2诱导的人Tenon囊成纤维细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨小干扰RNA(the small interference RNA,SiRNA)沉默整合素链接激酶(integrin-linked kinase,ILK)基因对转化生长因子-β_2(transforming growth factor beta 2,TGF-β_2)诱导的人Tenon囊成纤维细胞(human Tenon fibroblasts,HTFs)增殖和凋亡的影响。方法:体外培养HTFs细胞,波形蛋白(Vimentin)和角蛋白(keratin)免疫荧光染色进行鉴定。实验分组包括NC组:正常对照HTFs;H+T组:HTFs+5μg/L TGF-β_2;H+T+NC SiRNA组:HTFs+5μg/L TGF-β_2+50nmol/L阴性对照SiRNA;H+T+ILK SiRNA组:HTFs+5μg/L TGF-β_2+50nmol/L ILK SiRNA。50nmol/L ILK SiRNA转染HTFs细胞,5μg/LTGF-β_2刺激后,分别利用Western-blot检测细胞内ILK的蛋白表达,CCK-8检测细胞增殖能力,Hoechst33342/PI双染检测细胞凋亡。结果:Western-blot结果显示,TGF-β_2可以明显上调HTFs细胞内ILK的表达,ILK SiRNA可以明显抑制TGF-β_2诱导的ILK蛋白表达(P<0.05)。CCK-8检测结果显示,5μg/L TGF-β_2可以促进HTFs细胞增殖,ILK SiRNA转染后48h,细胞的增殖明显受到抑制,且低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。Hoechst 33342/PI双染结果显示,TGF-β_2并不诱导HTFs细胞发生凋亡(P>0.05),但ILK SiRNA可以诱导HTFs细胞发生明显凋亡,并出现少量坏死细胞(P<0.05)。结论:ILK SiRNA可以抑制TGF-β_2诱导的HTFs增殖,并诱导HTFs细胞发生凋亡。

Effects of over-expressing resistin on glucose and lipid metabolism in mice

Resistin,a newly discovered peptide hormone mainly secreted by adipose tissues,is present at high levels in serum of obese mice and may be a potential link between obesity and insulin resistance in rodents. However,some studies of rat and mouse models have associated insulin resistance and obesity with decreased resistin expression. In humans,no relationship between resistin level and insulin resistance or adiposity was observed. This suggests that additional studies are necessary to determine the specific role of resistin in the regulation of energy metabolism and adipogenesis. In the present study,we investigated the effect of resistin in vivo on glucose and lipid metabolism by over-expressing resistin in mice by intramuscular injection of a recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-Retn encoding porcine resistin gene. After injection,serum resistin and serum glucose (GLU) levels were significantly increased in the pcDNA3.1-Retn-treated mice; there was an obvious difference in total cholesterol (TC) level between the experiment and the control groups on Day 30. In pcDNA3.1-Retn-treated mice,both free fatty acid (FFA) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were markedly lower than those of control,whereas HDL cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels did not differ between the two groups. Furthermore,lipase activity was expressly lower on Day 20. Our data suggest that resistin over-expressed in mice might be responsible for insulin resistance and parameters related to glucose and lipid metabolism were changed accordingly.

Effects of a nurse-led heart failure clinic on hospital readmission and mortality in Hong Kong

Background Heart failure （HF） is a physically and socially debilitating disease that carries the burden of hospital re-admission and mortality. As an aging society, Hong Kong urgently needs to find ways to reduce the hospital readmission of HF patients. This study evaluates the effects of a nurse-led HF clinic on the hospital readmission and mortality rates among older HF patients in Hong Kong. Methods This study is a retrospective data analysis that compares HF patient in a nurse-led HF clinic in Hong Kong compared with HF patients who did not attend the clinic. The nurses of this clinic provide education on lifestyle modification and symptom monitoring, as well as titrate the medications and measure biochemical markers by following established protocols. This analysis used the socio-demographic and clinical data of HF patients who were aged 〉 65 years old and stayed in the clinic over a six-month period. Results The data of a total of 78 HF patients were included in this data analysis. The mean age of the patients was 77.38 ± 6.80 years. Approximately half of the HF patients were male （51.3%）, almost half were smokers （46.2%）, and the majority received 〈 six years of formal education. Most of the HF patients （87.2%） belonged to classes II and III of the New York Heart Association Functional Classification, with a mean ejection fraction of 47.15± 20.31 mL. The HF patients who attended the clinic （n = 38, 75.13 ± 5.89 years） were significantly younger than those who did not attend the clinic （n = 40, 79.53 ± 6.96 years） （P = 0.04）, and had lower recorded blood pressure. No other statistically significant difference existed between the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups. The HF patients who did not attend the nurse-led HF clinic demonstrated a significantly higher risk of hospital readmission [odd ratio （OR）： 7.40; P 〈 0.01] than those who attended after adjusting for the effect of age and blood pressure. In addition, HF patients who attended the clinic had lower mortality （n = 4） than those who did not attend （n = 14）. However, such a difference did not reach statistical significance when the effects of age and blood pressure were adjusted. A signifi- cant reduction in systolic blood pressure IF （2, 94） = 3.39, P = 0.04] and diastolic blood pressure [F （2, 94） = 8.48, P 〈 0.01] was observed among the HF patients who attended the clinic during the six-month period. Conclusions The finding of this study suggests the important role of nurse-led HF clinics in reducing healthcare burden and improving patient outcomes among HF patients in Hong Kong.

Recent developments in chiral and spin polarization effects in heavy-ion collisions

We give a brief overview of recent theoretical and experimental results on the chiral magnetic effect and spin polarization effect in heavy-ion collisions.We present updated experimental results for the chiral magnetic effect and related phenomena.The time evolution of the magnetic fields in different models is discussed.The newly developed quantum kinetic theory for massive fermions is reviewed.We present theoretical and experimental results for the polarization of K hyperons and the q00 value of vector mesons.

Treatment of upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage with personal stage nutrition support

AIM： To investigate the feasibility of treatment for upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage with personal stage nutrition support. METHODS： Forty-three patients with upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in group A were treated with personal stage nutrition support and patients in group B were treated with total parental nutrition （TPN） in combination with operation. Nutritional states of the candidates were evaluated by detecting albumin （AIb） and pre-AIb. The balance between nutrition and hepatic function was evaluated by measurement of aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and total bilirubin （Tbill） before and after operation. At the same time their complications and hospitalized time were surveyed. RESULTS： Personal stage nutrition support improved upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage. The nutrition state and hepatic function were better in patients who received personal stage nutrition support than in those who did not receive TPN. There was no significant difference in the complication and hospitalized time in the two groups of patients. CONCLUSION： Upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage can be treated with personal stage nutrition support which is more beneficial for the post-operation recovery and more economic than surgical operation.

High Resolution SAR Image Algorithm with Sample Length Constraints for the Range Direction

The traditional Range Doppler(RD)algorithm is unable to meet practical needs owing to the limit of resolution.The order of fractional Fourier Transform(FrFT)and the length of sampling signals affect SAR imaging performance when FrFT is applied to RD algorithm.To overcome the above shortcomings,the purpose of this paper is to propose a high-resolution SAR image algorithm by using the optimal order of FrFT and the sample length constraints for the range direction.The expression of the optimal order of SAR range signals via FrFT is deduced in detail.The initial sample length and its constraints are proposed to obtain the best sample length of SAR range signals.Experimental results demonstrate that,when the range sampling-length changes in a certain interval,the best sampling-length will be obtained,which the best values of the range resolution,PSLR and ISLR,will be derived respectively.Compared with traditional RD algorithm,the main-lobe width of the peak-point target of the proposed algorithm is narrow in the range direction.While the peak amplitude of the first side-lobe is reduced significantly,those of other side-lobes also drop in various degrees.

Heterostructured Mn_(3)O_(4)-MnS Multi-Shelled Hollow Spheres for Enhanced Polysulfide Regulation in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Constructing heterojunctions and hollow multi-shelled structures can render materials with fascinating physicochemical properties,and have been regarded as two promising strategies to overcome the severe shuttling and sluggish kinetics of polysulfide in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.However,a single strategy can only take limited effect.Modulating catalytic hosts with synergistic effects are urgently desired.Herein,Mn_(3)O_(4)-MnS heterogeneous multi-shelled hollow spheres are meticulously designed by controlled sulfuration of Mn2O3 hollow spheres,and then applied as advanced encapsulation hosts for Li-S batteries.Benefiting from the separated spatial confinement by hollow multi-shelled structure,ample exposed active sites and built-in electric field by heterogeneous interface,and synergistic effects between Mn_(3)O_(4)(strong adsorption)and MnS(fast conversion)components,the assembled battery achieves prominent rate capability and decent cyclability(0.016%decay per cycle at 2 C,1000 cycles).More crucially,satisfactory areal capacity reaches up to 7.1 mAh cm^(-2)even with high sulfur loading(8.0 mg cm^(-2))and lean electrolyte(E/S=4.0 pL mg^(-1))conditions.This work will provide inspiration for the rational design of hollow multi-shelled heterostructure for various electrocatalysis applications.

Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 Alleviates Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Prevents Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis:A Randomized,Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled,Pilot Clinical Trial

Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea(IBS-D)is chronic intestinal dysfunction with diarrhea and othercomplicated clinical symptoms,and it has a great impact on the daily life and mental state of patients.Some studies have reported that ingestion of probiotics can significantly alleviate a variety of intestinaldiseases.The pupose of this study was to investigate the IBS-D-alleviating effects of a probiotic strain,lactobacillus plantarum(L.plantarum)CCFM8610,with multiple health-promoting effects.The studywas a 12-week,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,pilot clinical trial.Seventy-five patientswere randomly assigned to receive the placebo,oligosaccharides,or L.plantarum CCFM8610(1×10^(10) colony-forming units(CFU)per day),with a 2-week run-in period,an 8-week intervention period,anda 2-week follow-up observation period.The patients'clinical symptoms and quality of life were exam-ined by the IBS symptom severity scale(IBS-SsS)and the IlBS quality of life scale(IBS-QOL).Changes ingut microbiota composition and diversity were measured at the end of the intervention period.The oraladministration of L.plantarum CCFM8610 significantly decreased the IBS-SSS and IBS-QOL scores,reduced IBS-D symptom severity,recovered gut microbiota diversity,decreased the relative abundanceof bloating-related genus Methanobrevibacter,and increased the relative abundance of butyric acid-producing genera,including Anaerostipes,Anaerotruncus,Bifidobacterium,Butyricimonas,andOdoribacter.These findings suggest that ingestion of L.plantarum CCFM8610 can significantly alleviate clinical symptoms and gut microbiota dysbiosis in IBS-D patients.The IBS-D-alleviating effect of L.plan-tarum CCFM8610 may be related to theincrease in the relative abundance of butyric acid-producing genera in the intestine.

A PSO-SVM Model for Short-Term Travel Time Prediction Based on Bluetooth Technology

The accurate prediction of travel time along roadway provides valuable traffic information for travelers and traffic managers. Aiming at short-term travel time forecasting on urban arterials,a prediction model( PSOSVM) combining support vector machine( SVM) and particle swarm optimization( PSO) is developed. Travel time data collected with Bluetooth devices are used to calibrate the proposed model. Field experiments show that the PSO-SVM model 's error indicators are lower than the single SVM model and the BP neural network( BPNN) model. Particularly,the mean-absolute percentage error( MAPE) of PSO-SVM is only 9. 453 4 %which is less than that of the single SVM model( 12. 230 2 %) and the BPNN model( 15. 314 7 %). The results indicate that the proposed PSO-SVM model is feasible and more effective than other models for shortterm travel time prediction on urban arterials.

Online Computation Offloading and Trajectory Scheduling for UAV-Enabled Wireless Powered Mobile Edge Computing

The unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-enabled mobile edge computing(MEC) architecture is expected to be a powerful technique to facilitate 5 G and beyond ubiquitous wireless connectivity and diverse vertical applications and services, anytime and anywhere. Wireless power transfer(WPT) is another promising technology to prolong the operation time of low-power wireless devices in the era of Internet of Things(IoT). However, the integration of WPT and UAV-enabled MEC systems is far from being well studied, especially in dynamic environments. In order to tackle this issue, this paper aims to investigate the stochastic computation offloading and trajectory scheduling for the UAV-enabled wireless powered MEC system. A UAV offers both RF wireless power transmission and computation services for IoT devices. Considering the stochastic task arrivals and random channel conditions, a long-term average energyefficiency(EE) minimization problem is formulated.Due to non-convexity and the time domain coupling of the variables in the formulated problem, a lowcomplexity online computation offloading and trajectory scheduling algorithm(OCOTSA) is proposed by exploiting Lyapunov optimization. Simulation results verify that there exists a balance between EE and the service delay, and demonstrate that the system EE performance obtained by the proposed scheme outperforms other benchmark schemes.

Tuning the phase evolution pathway of LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4) synthesis from binary intermediates to ternary intermediates with thermal regulating agent

Transition metal cation ordering is essential for controlling the electrochemical performance of cubic spinel LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)(LNMO),which is conventionally adjusted by optimizing the high temperature sintering and annealing procedures.In this present work,multiple characterization techniques,including 6,7Li NMR,XRD and HRTEM,have been combined to trace the phase transformation and morphology evolution during synthesis.It has been illustrated that simultaneous formation of LiMn_(2)O_(4)(LMO)and LiNiO_(2)(LNO)binary oxides and their conversion into highly reactive LixNi^(3+)_(y)Mn_(3.5+)_(z)O ternary intermediate is a thermal dynamically difficult but crucial step in the synthesis of LNMO ternary oxide.A new strategy of modifying the intermediates formation pathway from binary mode to ternary mode using thermal regulating agent has been adopted.LNMO synthesized with thermal regulating agent exhibits supreme rate capability,long-cycling performance(even at elevated temperature)and excellent capacity efficiency.At a high rate of 100 C,the assembled battery delivers a discharge capacity of 99 mAh g^(-1).This study provides a way to control the formation pathway of complex oxides using thermal regulating agent.

Ideal Spin Hydrodynamics from the Wigner Function Approach

Based on the Wigner function in local equilibrium, we derive hydrodynamical quantities for a system of polarized spin-1/2 particles: the particle number current density, the energy-momentum tensor, the spin tensor, and the dipole moment tensor. Compared with ideal hydrodynamics without spin, additional terms at the first and second orders in the Knudsen number Κ_(n) and the average spin polarization Χ_(s) have been derived. The Wigner function can be expressed in terms of matrix-valued distributions, whose equilibrium forms are characterized by thermodynamical parameters in quantum statistics. The equations of motion for these parameters are derived by conservation laws at the leading and next-to-leading order Κ_(n) and Χ_(s).

Cooperative effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone and HPMC E5 on dissolution and bioavailability of nimodipine solid dispersions and tablets

Solid dispersion(SD)systems have been extensively used to increase the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.To circumvent the limitations of polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)dispersions,HPMC E5 was applied in the formulation process and scaling-up techniques,simultaneously.In this study,SD of nimodipine(NMP)and corresponding tablets were prepared through solvent method and fluid bed granulating one step technique,respectively.Discriminatory dissolution media were used to obtain reliable dissolution results.Meanwhile,the stability study of SDs was investigated with storage under high temperature and humidity conditions.Moreover,the solubility of SDs was measured to explore the effect of carriers.The preparations were characterized by DSC,PXRD,and FTIR.Dramatical improvements in the dissolution rate of NMP were achieved by the ingenious combination of the two polymers.Binary NMP/PVP/HPMC-SDs released steadily,while the dissolution of single NMP/PVP-SDs decreased rapidly in water.The fluid-bed tablets(FB-T)possessed a similar dissolution behavior to the commercial Nimotop TM tablets.The characterization patterns implied that NMP existed in an amorphous state in our SDs.Furthermore,the results of stability tests suggested a better stability of the binary SDs.A special cooperative effect of PVP and HPMC was discovered on dissolution characteristics of NMP SDs and tablets,which could be extended to other drugs henceforth.Finally,the bioavailability of FB-T was evaluated in beagle dogs with Nimotop TM as the reference,and the results showed a higher AUC 0–12h value for FB-T.

新工科视角下分析化学类课程科研型教学模式的构建与实践

基于“新工科”建设背景,哈尔滨工业大学分析化学类课程积极构建科研型教学模式。根据授课各专业的特点结合最新科研进展更新教学内容,打通课堂教学与科研成果的通道,改进教学方法,更新实践教学资源,开放表界面材料分析化学实验室,以学科竞赛及创新创业项目为载体,激发学生创新思维,开阔学生国际视野。

Evolvement of left ventricular assist device： the implications on heart failure management

Heart failure （HF） is a potentially fatal disease that affects increasing number of people worldwide. Although heart transplant is the ＂gold standard＂ therapy for HF, due to the limited availability of organs, many patients died when waiting for the transplant. Left ventricular assist device （LVAD）, as a mechanical circulatory support, has become a new light for patients with HF. With the technical advancements, LVADs work not only as a bridge to transplant, but also assist heart recovery and even as a destination therapy in long-term treatment. This observation paper reviewed the development of LVAD and its clinical roles. The challenges and possible solutions in nursing care for pa- tients with LVAD at different stage of implantation were discussed. The healthcare professionals could obtain a better understanding about the LVAD treatment for HF patients.