Wheat germplasm is a fundamental resource for basic research,applied studies,and wheat breeding,which can be enriched normally by several paths,such as collecting natural lines,accumulating breeding lines,and introduc...Wheat germplasm is a fundamental resource for basic research,applied studies,and wheat breeding,which can be enriched normally by several paths,such as collecting natural lines,accumulating breeding lines,and introducing mutagenesis materials.Ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)is an alkylating agent that can effectively introduce genetic variations in a wide variety of plant species.In this study,we created a million-scale EMS population(MEP)that started with the Chinese wheat cultivars‘Luyan 128’,‘Jimai 38’,‘Jimai 44’,and‘Shannong 30’.In the M1 generation,the MEP had numerous phenotypical variations,such as>3,000 chlorophyll-deficient mutants,2,519 compact spikes,and 1,692 male sterile spikes.There were also rare mutations,including 30 independent tillers each with double heads.Some M1 variations of chlorophyll-deficiency and compact spikes were inheritable,appearing in the M2 or M3 generations.To advance the entire MEP to higher generations,we adopted a single-seed descendent(SSD)approach.All other seed composites of M2 were used to screen other agronomically important traits,such as the tolerance to herbicide quizalofop-P-methyl.The MEP is available for collaborative projects,and provides a valuable toolbox for wheat genetics and breeding for sustainable agriculture.展开更多
A barley mutant,194,was observed to exhibit a leaf spot phenotype over the whole course of its growing period.In this study,the phenotype and antioxidant competence were studied in the lesion mimic mutant 194.Plant he...A barley mutant,194,was observed to exhibit a leaf spot phenotype over the whole course of its growing period.In this study,the phenotype and antioxidant competence were studied in the lesion mimic mutant 194.Plant height was slightly higher in mutant 194 than in the wild type(WT).In addition,leaf spot per plant in mutant 194 was significantly higher than in WT.Antioxidant competence,as indicated by reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activity,and the expression of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes was also assessed in mutant 194.Compared to the WT,mutant 194 displayed a relatively higher accumulation of ROS,accompanied by lower activities of some antioxidant enzymes and downregulation of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes.This demonstrated reduced antioxidant competence in mutant 194.The results suggested that this lower antioxidant competence of mutant 194 could lead to the accumulation of excessive ROS.This excess of ROS could induce programmed cell death and has the potential to promote disease resistance in mutant 194.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1002300)the Quancheng‘5150’Talent Program,China(07962021047)the Agriculture Applied Technology Initiative of Jinan Government,China(CX202113).
文摘Wheat germplasm is a fundamental resource for basic research,applied studies,and wheat breeding,which can be enriched normally by several paths,such as collecting natural lines,accumulating breeding lines,and introducing mutagenesis materials.Ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)is an alkylating agent that can effectively introduce genetic variations in a wide variety of plant species.In this study,we created a million-scale EMS population(MEP)that started with the Chinese wheat cultivars‘Luyan 128’,‘Jimai 38’,‘Jimai 44’,and‘Shannong 30’.In the M1 generation,the MEP had numerous phenotypical variations,such as>3,000 chlorophyll-deficient mutants,2,519 compact spikes,and 1,692 male sterile spikes.There were also rare mutations,including 30 independent tillers each with double heads.Some M1 variations of chlorophyll-deficiency and compact spikes were inheritable,appearing in the M2 or M3 generations.To advance the entire MEP to higher generations,we adopted a single-seed descendent(SSD)approach.All other seed composites of M2 were used to screen other agronomically important traits,such as the tolerance to herbicide quizalofop-P-methyl.The MEP is available for collaborative projects,and provides a valuable toolbox for wheat genetics and breeding for sustainable agriculture.
文摘A barley mutant,194,was observed to exhibit a leaf spot phenotype over the whole course of its growing period.In this study,the phenotype and antioxidant competence were studied in the lesion mimic mutant 194.Plant height was slightly higher in mutant 194 than in the wild type(WT).In addition,leaf spot per plant in mutant 194 was significantly higher than in WT.Antioxidant competence,as indicated by reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activity,and the expression of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes was also assessed in mutant 194.Compared to the WT,mutant 194 displayed a relatively higher accumulation of ROS,accompanied by lower activities of some antioxidant enzymes and downregulation of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes.This demonstrated reduced antioxidant competence in mutant 194.The results suggested that this lower antioxidant competence of mutant 194 could lead to the accumulation of excessive ROS.This excess of ROS could induce programmed cell death and has the potential to promote disease resistance in mutant 194.
