钴酸锂与钴白合金废料协同浸出试验研究

废锂离子电池不仅富含锂、钴、镍等重要金属资源,还含有重金属、有机污染物等,现有文献的协同浸出方案通常会引入磷、稀土等杂质元素,使金属分离过程更加复杂。本研究以具有氧化性的钴酸锂废料和还原性的钴白合金废料为研究对象,开展了钴酸锂废料-钴白合金协同浸出的试验研究,考察了钴白合金和钴酸锂废料质量比、硫酸浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间等因素对协同浸出的影响,探讨浸出过程机理。结果表明,在质量比0.25、硫酸浓度1 mol/L、浸出温度60℃、浸出时间1 h、固液比50 g/L、搅拌速率375 r/min条件下,Li、Co、Cu和Fe浸出效率分别可达99.83%、97.51%、95.36%和75.6%;协同浸出过程钴白合金溶解产生的Fe2+起还原作用,促进LiCoO_(2)的溶解,同时产生的Fe3+可以形成FeOOH沉淀。该方法在实现协同浸出的同时,还减少了化学试剂的引入,为废锂离子电池和钴白合金的清洁高效利用提供了理论和技术支持。

Negative pressure device-assisted autologous fat grafting: A case report

This report describes a novel technique for improving depressed scars using negative pressure suction-assisted autologous fat grafting.A 35-year-old woman presented with a 20-year history of bilateral central buttock con-cavities,causing aesthetic concerns.To maximize fat graft survival and enhance tissue volume,we implemented intermittent negative pressure suction on the recipient area for one month preoperatively.The patient expressed satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome,and a three-month follow-up confirmed a significantly improved fat graft survival rate.This minimally invasive,cost-effective,and easily reproducible technique offers a promising clinical strategy for treating depressed scars.

An Improved Biometric Fuzzy Signature with Timestamp of Blockchain Technology for Electrical Equipment Maintenance

The power infrastructure of the power system is massive in size and dispersed throughout the system.Therefore,how to protect the information security in the operation and maintenance of power equipment is a difficult problem.This paper proposes an improved time-stamped blockchain technology biometric fuzzy feature for electrical equipment maintenance.Compared with previous blockchain transactions,the time-stamped fuzzy biometric signature proposed in this paper overcomes the difficulty that the key is easy to be stolen by hackers and can protect the security of information during operation and maintenance.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiments.

Balanced Polysulfide Containment and Lithium Ion Transport in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries via Nitrogen-doped Carbon Hollow Multi-shelled Structures on Modified Separators

Representing the next-generation technology in lithium-ion batteries,lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries offer increased specific energy without relying on scarce metals like nickel and cobalt,but suffer from a low practical specific energy due to poor conductivity and a short lifespan due to the shuttle effect of polysulfides.Balancing the confinement of polysulfides and the transport of lithium ions requires highly elaborate modifiers for separators.Hollow multi-shelled structures(HoMSs)show promise as hierarchical mesostructures for separators,offering multiple shell layers and internal cavities that effectively inhibit polysulfide shuttle.Thoughtful design of these structures is crucial to address these challenges effectively.In this study,nitrogen-doped carbon HoMS(NC HoMS)was created using polymer templates through a precisely controlled polymerization process.Batteries featuring NC HoMS-modified separators exhibit improved capacity and cycling stability in comparison to those utilizing commercial separators.Especially,triple-shelled NC HoMS strikes a balance in polysulfide containment and lithium ion transport.Featuring a sulfur loading of 6.34 mg/cm^(2),the Li-S battery can consistently complete 100 charge-discharge cycles,starting with a discharge capacity of 966.4 mA·h/g with a 75.8%capacity retention rate.NC HoMS holds potential as the separator modifier in addressing the polysulfide shuttle problem and facilitating the Li-ion transportation for advanced Li-S batteries.

硫化镍矿中镍提取技术研究进展

作为一种战略金属,镍广泛应用于不锈钢、特殊金属合金、二次电池等领域。近年来,随着新能源汽车产业的快速发展以及动力电池正极材料“无钴高镍”发展趋势,对镍的需求量持续攀升。然而,我国镍资源的对外依存度高达86%,供需矛盾日益突出。针对镍冶炼主要原料的硫化镍矿开采、富集较为困难,传统冶炼方法存在回收率低、环境风险高等瓶颈问题,本研究在分析硫化镍矿矿物学特性的基础上,系统综述了硫化镍矿中镍提取技术的研究进展及存在的问题,综合考虑镍的回收率、物质和能量消耗、环境影响等因素,提出了强化硫化镍矿中镍提取技术研发的建议,同时对硫化镍矿中镍提取技术发展趋势进行了展望。

光学相干断层扫描血管成像在糖尿病性视网膜病变临床应用研究进展

光学相干断层扫描血管成像(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)作为一项近年来兴起的新型成像技术,具有非侵入性、快速、高分辨率等特点。相比于传统的造影检查,OCTA更加快速、安全且避免了传统造影剂带来的副作用和风险。如今OCTA已经逐渐应用于眼科疾病的诊疗与随访。通过对视网膜脉络膜血管的实时成像,可以用于观察疾病如糖尿病视网膜病变、脉络膜新生血管等的进展。本文就OCTA在糖尿病视网膜病变的临床应用研究进展进行综述。

Metasurface-based nanoprinting: principle, design and advances

Metasurface-based nanoprinting(meta-nanoprinting)has fully demonstrated its advantages in ultrahigh-density gray-scale/color image recording and display.A typical meta-nanoprinting device usually has image resolutions reaching 80 k dots per inch(dpi),far exceeding conventional technology such as gravure printing(typ.5 k dpi).Besides,by fully exploit-ing the design degrees of freedom of nanostructured metasurfaces,meta-nanoprinting has been developed from previ-ous single-channel to multiple-channels,to current multifunctional integration or even dynamic display.In this review,we overview the development of meta-nanoprinting,including the physics of nanoprinting to manipulate optical amplitude and spectrum,single-functional meta-nanoprinting,multichannel meta-nanoprinting,dynamic meta-nanoprinting and mul-tifunctional metasurface integrating nanoprinting with holography or metalens,etc.Applications of meta-nanoprinting such as image display,vortex beam generation,information decoding and hiding,information encryption,high-density optical storage and optical anti-counterfeiting have also been discussed.Finally,we conclude the opportunities and chal-lenges/perspectives in this rapidly developing research field of meta-nanoprinting.

Effectiveness of E-SBIRT intervention in community healthcare institution in China:study proposal for a randomised controlled trial

Background Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Screening,Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment(SBIRT)in addressing substance use problem.However,owing to the shortage of counsellors,it has not been widely used in China.With the development of smart medicine,we developed a web-based electronic SBIRT(E-SBIRT)program and explored the effectiveness of E-SBIRT in reducing substance use in China.Methods A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in primary healthcare institutions.Four primary healthcare institutions will be selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group(each institution will recruit 60 participants,and in total,240 participants will be recruited).The control group will get a pamphlet of drug abuse prevention,and the intervention group will get the E-SBIRT intervention and the pamphlet.Both groups will receive baseline and follow-up assessment at 1 and 3 months after the intervention.The primary outcome is the change in scores on the Alcohol,Smoking and Substance Use Involvement Screening Test,and the secondary outcomes include changes in motivation,depression,anxiety,positive/negative emotion,self-esteem,addiction knowledge and addiction severity index.Conclusions If the‘E-SBIRT’program is found to be effective,it will be an accessible,affordable and widely implementable intervention to help participants at moderate risk of substance use to reduce their consumption.The potential benefit is to provide early intervention to high-risk patients in time and reduce the harmful consequences to individuals and society.

Decorative Wood Fiber/High-Density Polyethylene Composite with Canvas or Polyester Fabric

Wood-plastic composite is an environmentally friendly material,due to its use of recycled thermoplastics and plant fibers.However,its surface lacks attractive aesthetic qualities.In this paper,a method of decorating wood fiber/high-density polyethylene(WF/HDPE)without adding adhesive was explored.Canvas or polyester fabrics were selected as the surface decoration materials.The influence of hot-pressing temperature and WF/HDPE ratio on the adhesion was studied.The surface bonding strength,water resistance,and surface color were evaluated,and observation within the infrared spectrum and under scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the bonding process.The results showed that the fabric and WF/HDPE substrate could be closely laminated together depending on the HDPE layer accumulated on the WF/HDPE surface.The molten HDPE matrix penetrates canvas more easily than polyester fabric,and the canvasveneered composite shows a greater bonding strength than does the polyester fabric-veneered composite.A higher proportion of the thermoplastic component in the substrate improved the bonding.When the hot-pressing temperature exceeded 160°C,the fabric-veneered WF/HDPE panels had greater water resistance,although the canvas fabric changed more obviously in terms of fiber shape and color,compared with the polyester fabric.For the canvas fabric,140°C–160°C was a suitable hot-pressing temperature,whereas 160°C–180°C was more suitable for polyester fabric.The proportion of the thermoplastic component in the composite should be not less than 30%to achieve adequate bonding strength.

Knowledge and prevalence of energy drinks consumption in Shanghai,China:a cross-sectional survey of adolescents

Background In recent years,energy drinks(EDs)have been widely used among young people around the world.The extensive use of EDs also affects the sleep and exercise of adolescents.Aims This study aimed to investigate the consumption of EDs,the knowledge,attitude towards EDs and associated factors of EDs consumption among adolescents in Shanghai,China.Methods A total of 4608 adolescents completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing EDs use history,knowledge and attitude towards EDs.Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist(ASLEC)was used to assess their life events.All participants were divided into two groups based on whether they used them or not.t-test andχ^(2)test were used to compare the differences between the two groups,and binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the related factors for EDs consumption.Results 70.5%of the participants reported having ever used EDs.The main avenues to getting information on EDs were from advertisements.67.56%of them believed that EDs had adverse effects on health.22.09%of the participants and 31.55%of their parents took a negative attitude towards EDs.Compared with the non-consumption group,participants in the consumption group were likely to be male,with older age,identified EDs more correctly and did not believe EDs had adverse effects,with more positive attitude and higher ASLEC score.Logistic regression results showed that gender,age,attitude of parents and themselves,knowledge of EDs and ASLEC score significantly predicted EDs consumption.Conclusion EDs consumption was popular among adolescents in Shanghai,and the tailored intervention programmes need to be developed based on the characteristics of adolescents.

Combination therapy with oncolytic virus and T cells or mRNA vaccine amplifies antitumor effects

Antitumor therapies based on adoptively transferred T cells or oncolytic viruses have made significant progress in recent years,but the limited efficiency of their infiltration into solid tumors makes it difficult to achieve desired antitumor effects when used alone.In this study,an oncolytic virus(rVSV-LCMVG)that is not prone to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies was designed and combined with adoptively transferred T cells.By transforming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment into an immunosensitive one,in B16 tumor-bearing mice,combination therapy showed superior antitumor effects than monotherapy.This occurred whether the OV was administered intratumorally or intravenously.Combination therapy significantly increased cytokine and chemokine levels within tumors and recruited CD8^(+)T cells to the TME to trigger antitumor immune responses.Pretreatment with adoptively transferred T cells and subsequent oncolytic virotherapy sensitizes refractory tumors by boosting T-cell recruitment,downregulating the expression of PD-1,and restoring effector T-cell function.To offer a combination therapy with greater translational value,mRNA vaccines were introduced to induce tumor-specific T cells instead of adoptively transferred T cells.The combination of OVs and mRNA vaccine also displays a significant reduction in tumor burden and prolonged survival.This study proposed a rational combination therapy of OVs with adoptive T-cell transfer or mRNA vaccines encoding tumor-associated antigens,in terms of synergistic efficacy and mechanism.

3D-printed,citrate-based bioresorbable vascular scaffolds for coronary artery angioplasty

Fully bioresorbable vascular scaffolds(BVSs)aim to overcome the limitations of metallic drug-eluting stents(DESs).However,polymer-based BVSs,such as Abbott’s Absorb,the only US FDA-approved BVS,have had limited use due to increased strut thickness(157μm for Absorb),exacerbated tissue inflammation,and increased risk of major cardiac events leading to inferior clinical performance when compared to metallic DESs.Herein we report the development of a drug-eluting BVS(DE-BVS)through the innovative use of a photopolymerizable,citrate-based biomaterial and a high-precision additive manufacturing process.BVS with a clinically relevant strut thickness of 62μm can be produced in a high-throughput manner,i.e.one BVS per minute,and controlled release of the anti-restenosis drug everolimus can be achieved by engineering the structure of polymer coatings to fabricate drug-eluting BVS.We achieved the successful deployment of BVSs and DE-BVSs in swine coronary arteries using a custom-built balloon catheter and BVS delivery system and confirmed BVS safety and efficacy regarding maintenance of vessel patency for 28 days,observing an inflammation profile for BVS and DE-BVS that was comparable to the commercial XIENCE^(TM)DES(Abbott Vascular).

Single-celled metasurface for labeled vortex beam generator

Vortex light is a unique beam characterized by a spiral phase as it propagates. A fundamental parameter of vortex light is the topological charge, which determines the amount of angular momentum and plays a crucial role in tailoring its behavior. However, conventional measurement methods for determining the topological charge, such as those based on interference and phase modulation, tend to be intricate and complex. In this regard, a labeled vortex beam generator is proposed, composed of a metasurface with a single-celled configuration. When the metasurface is illuminated by light of the designed wavelength, the outgoing light exhibits a vortex structure. Furthermore, the topological charge numbers can be directly observed with distinct labeled patterns when the metasurface is placed in an orthogonal-polarized optical path. With advantages such as ultra-compactness, high robustness, and exceptional precision, the proposed metasurface exhibits significant potential for applications in optical communication, light manipulation, optical sensing, etc.

3D Printing Technology for Short-continuous Carbon Fiber Synchronous Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites:A Comparison between Towpreg Extrusion and In Situ Impregnation Processes

Three-dimensional(3D)printing of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites(CFRTPs)provides an ef-fective method for manufacturing the CFRTPs parts with complex structures.To increase the mechanical per-formance of these parts,a 3D printing technology for short-continuous carbon fiber synchronous-reinforced thermoplastic composites(S/C-CFRTPs)has been proposed.However,the synchronous reinforcement that ex-isted only at particular positions led to a limited improvement in the mechanical performance of the 3D-printed S/C-CFRTP part,which made it challenging to meet the engineering requirements.To solve this problem,two methods for achieving synchronous reinforcement at all the positions of the 3D-printed S/C-CFRTP part are pro-posed.To determine a suitable printing process for the S/C-CFRTP part,a comprehensive comparison between the two methods was conducted through theoretical analysis and experimental verification,involving the print-ing mechanism,fiber content,impregnation percentage,and mechanical performance.The results indicated that the towpreg extrusion process was suitable for manufacturing the 3D-printed S/C-CFRTP part.Compared with the in situ impregnation process,the towpreg extrusion process led to a fiber content increase of approximately 7%and void rate reduction of approximately 6%,resulting in 19%and 20%increases in the tensile and flexural strengths of the 3D-printed S/C-CFRTPs,respectively.Additionally,an optimized process parameter setting for fabricating an S/C-CFRTP prepreg filament with excellent mechanical performance was proposed.The findings of this study can provide a new approach for further improving the mechanical performance of the 3D-printed advanced composites.

低聚对位芳纶化学修饰多壁碳纳米管的制备及性能

为改善多壁碳纳米管的表面性能及分散性能,将低聚的氨基为端基的低分子量的对位芳纶(PPTA)与羧基碳纳米管(MWCNTs-COOH)反应,制备了低聚PPTA化学修饰的多壁碳纳米管PPTAMWCNTs-x,并对其结构进行了表征.研究结果表明,与MWCNTs-COOH相比,PPTA-MWCNTs-x在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、氮甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、乙醇等有机溶剂中具有更好的稳定性和分散性,其稳定时间可分别长达216和240 h.本文以廉价的聚氯乙烯(PVC)为样板聚合物,采用浇铸法制备了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料,比较了改性前后多壁碳纳米管对PVC薄膜力学性能的影响,并探讨了其增强机理.结果显示,与纯PVC薄膜相比,当PPTA-MWCNTs-x添加量为0.25 wt%时,可使PVC复合膜的杨氏模量和拉伸强度分别提高44.4%和79.4%;当PPTA-MWCNTs-x添加量为0.05 wt%时,可使PVC复合膜断裂应变提高203.6%.

MicroTom Metabolic Network: Rewiring Tomato Metabolic Regulatory Network throughout the Growth Cycle

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is a major horticultural crop worldwide and has emerged as a preeminent model for metabolic research.Although many research efforts have focused on the analysis of metabolite differences between varieties and species,the dynamics of metabolic changes during the tomato growth cycle and the regulatory networks that underlie these changes are poorly understood.In this study,we integrated high-resolution spatio-temporal metabolome and transcriptome data to systematically explore the metabolic landscape across 20 major tomato tissues and growth stages.In the resulting MicroTom Metabolic Network,the 540 detected metabolites and their co-expressed genes could be divided into 10 distinct clusters based on their biological functions.Using this dataset,we constructed a global map of the major metabolic changes that occur throughout the tomato growth cycle and dissected the underlying regulatory network.In addition to verifying previously well-established regulatory networks for important metabolites,we identified novel transcription factors that regulate the biosynthesis of important secondary metabolites such as steroidal glycoalkaloids and flavonoids.Our findings provide insights into spatiotemporal changes in tomato metabolism and generate a valuable resource for the study of metabolic regulatory processes in model plants.

Spatial Properties of Mismatch Negativity in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness

In recent decades, event-related potentials have been used for the clinical electrophysiological assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness （DOCs）. In this paper, an oddball paradigm with two types of frequencydeviant stimulus （standard stimuli were pure tones of 1000 Hz; small deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1050 Hz; large deviant stimuli were pure tones of 1200 Hz） was applied to elicit mismatch negativity （MMN） in 30 patients with DOCs diagnosed using the JFK Coma Recovery Scale- Revised （CRS-R）. The results showed that the peak amplitudes of MMN elicited by both large and small deviant stimuli were significantly different from baseline. In terms of the spatial properties of MMN, a significant interaction effect between conditions （small and large deviant stimuli） and electrode nodes was centered at the frontocentral area. Furthermore, correlation coefficients were calculated between MMN amplitudes and CRS-R scores for each electrode among all participants to generate topographic maps. Meanwhile, a significant negative correlation between the MMN amplitudes elicited by large deviant stimuli and the CRS-R scores was also found at the frontocentral area. In consequence, our results combine the above spatial properties of MMN in patients with DOCs, and provide a more precise location （frontocentral area） at which to evaluate the correlation between clinical electrophysiological assessment and the level of consciousness.

Next-Generation Plant Metabolic Engineering, Inspired by an Ancient Chinese Irrigation System

Specialized secondary metabolites serve not only to protect plants against abiotic and biotic challenges, but have also been used extensively by humans to combat diseases. Due to the great importance of medicinal plants for health, we need to find new and sustainable ways to improve the production of the specialized metabolites. In addition to direct extraction, recent progress in metabolic engineering of plants offers an alternative supply option. We argue that metabolic engineering for producing the second- ary metabolites in plants may have distinct advantages over microbial production platforms, and thus pro- pose new approaches of plant metabolic engineering, which are inspired by an ancient Chinese irrigation system. Metabolic engineering strategies work at three levels： introducing biosynthetic genes, using tran- scription factors, and improving metabolic flux including increasing the supply of precursors, energy, and reducing power. In addition, recent progress in biotechnology contributes markedly to better engineering, such as the use of specific promoters and the deletion of competing branch pathways. We propose that next-generation plant metabolic engineering will improve current engineering strategies, for the purpose of producing valuable metabolites in plants on industrial scales.

Zero-order-free meta-holograms in a broadband visible range

The unwanted zero-order light accompanied by the birth of diffractive optical elements and caused mainly by fabrication errors and wavelength variations is a key factor that deteriorates the performance of diffraction-related optical devices such as holograms,gratings,beam shapers,beam splitters,optical diffusers,and diffractive microlenses.Here,inspired by the unique characteristic of nano-polarizer-based metasurfaces for both positive and negative amplitude modulation of incident light,we propose a general design paradigm to eliminate zero-order diffraction without burdening the metasurface design and fabrication.The experimentally demonstrated metahologram,which projects a holographic image with a wide angle of 70°×70°in the for field,presents a very low zero-order intensity(only 0.7%of the total energy of the reconstructed image).More importantly,the zero-orderfree meta-hologram has a large tolerance limit for wavelength variations(under a broadband illumination from520 to 660 nm),which brings important technical advances.The strategy proposed could significantly relieve the fabrication difficulty of metasurfaces and be viable for various diffractive-optics-related applications includingholography,laser beam shaping,optical data storage,vortex beam generation,and so on.

Clinical characteristics of fatigued Parkinson’s patients and the response to dopaminergic treatment

Background:Fatigue,which is commonly observed in Parkinson’s disease(PD),can greatly reduce quality of life and is difficult to treat.We here aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of fatigue among PD patients and to explore an effective strategy to treat PD fatigue.Method:This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in northeastern China.We examined fatigue in 222 PD patients from northeastern China using the Parkinson Fatigue Scale-16(PFS-16).The disease severity,depression,sleep and cognitive functioning were assessed with the Hoehn&Yahr staging(H-Y stage),Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale(PDSS)and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)by interview.Results:The frequency of fatigue in PD patients was 59.46%.Fatigued patients had longer disease durations and greater disease severity than nonfatigued patients.Additionally,fatigued PD patients scored significantly higher for all motor symptoms,except for tremor,and had more serious depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances than nonfatigued PD patients did.The sleep disturbance severity was an independent factor for fatigue.Furthermore,43.04% of fatigued patients taking dopaminergic drugs had fatigue remission.Depression severity was identified as an independent factor for dopaminergic drug non-responsive fatigue.Conclusions:PD patients with severe sleep disturbances tend to suffer from fatigue.Levodopa improved fatigue only in PD patients with mild depression or no depression,implying that dopaminergic medication is required,but not sufficient,for fatigue suppression in PD patients with moderate or severe depression.Thus,restoring serotonergic neurotransmission as a combination therapy may offer a better strategy for the treatment of fatigue in these patients.