Characteristics of air pollutants during three types of low-visibility weather in west-central Inner Mongolia were analyzed.The results showed that in the three processes,air pollution was slight during the heavy fog ...Characteristics of air pollutants during three types of low-visibility weather in west-central Inner Mongolia were analyzed.The results showed that in the three processes,air pollution was slight during the heavy fog and serious during the haze and sandstorm.PM 10 concentration had the biggest difference among the six pollutants.During the heavy fog,the hourly concentration of PM 2.5 in Hohhot City varied from tens to 100 μg/m^3,while that of PM10 ranged from tens to 200 μg/m^3,and that of O3,NO2,SO2 and CO was low.During the haze,the hourly concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in Hohhot City ranged from tens to 600 μg/m^3.The heavy atmospheric pollution was caused by both PM2.5 and PM10 .The O3 concentration during the haze was lower than that during the heavy fog.The accumulation of NO2,SO2 and CO had a significant effect on the aggravation of atmospheric pollution.During the sandstorm,the hourly concentration of PM 10 in Hohhot City varied from about 100 to 5 000 μg/m^3.It had a hysteresis effect on the position and intensity of sandstorm,and there was no obvious daily change.The stronger the sandstorm was,the larger the hourly concentration of PM10 was.The hourly concentration of PM2.5 ranged from tens to 500 μg/m^3,and there was no obvious daily variation.When the sandstorm was the strongest,PM10 was the main contributor to air pollution,but the air pollution caused by PM2.5 was also serious.The atmospheric pollution from O3 was considerable.The hourly concentration of NO2,SO2 and CO during the sandstorm was obviously lower than that during the heavy fog and haze,and there was no obvious daily change.展开更多
In 2016 and 2017 respectively,new governments of the Philippines and the United States took office,which initiated a change in the development of their bilateral relations.Although the US-Philippines alliance has sinc...In 2016 and 2017 respectively,new governments of the Philippines and the United States took office,which initiated a change in the development of their bilateral relations.Although the US-Philippines alliance has since then returned to normal conditions and defense cooperation has continued to strengthen,policy reorientations and adjustments by the Trump administration have stirred up uncertainties among the Filipinos concerning the ties between the two countries.Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte came to power with the slogan of change.His foreign policy sought to actively close the rift in the relations with China,which were severely damaged by the South China Sea arbitration case.While tightening US-Philippines defense cooperation,he also took active steps to diversify cooperation partners.In recent years,a number of new features have been added to the US-Philippines defense cooperation,which not only reflects the characteristics and trends of the advancement of the US Indo-Pacific strategy,but also has important implications for China and its efforts to maintain overall peace and stability in the neighboring areas and to further enhance China-Philippines relations.展开更多
THE U.S.provocations around the South China Sea have recently intensified.Right on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the ad hoc tribunal ruling on the South China Sea arbitration,on July 13,the U.S.Secretary o...THE U.S.provocations around the South China Sea have recently intensified.Right on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the ad hoc tribunal ruling on the South China Sea arbitration,on July 13,the U.S.Secretary of State,Mike Pompeo,issued the statement“U.S.Position on Maritime Claims in the South China Sea,”saying that,“Beijing’s claims to offshore resources across most of the South China Sea are completely unlawful,as is its campaign of bullying to control them.”The statement denies China’s indisputable sovereignty over Meiji Reef and Ren’ai Reef,and refuses to recognize Zengmu Shoal(roughly 20 meters below the surface)as a part of China.Two days after Pompeo’s statement,the U.S.Navy Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS Ralph Johnson(DDG-114)arrived in the waters near the Nansha Islands to carry out the socalled“freedom of navigation”operation.This year,the U.S.Navy has carried out at least six such operations and conducted various other operations to demonstrate their military presence.The U.S.Air Force often sends bombers over the area.What’s more,aircraft carriers USS Nimitz and USS Ronald Reagan held an exercise in the South China Sea on July 17,the second time in a month.The two aircraft carrier battle groups carried out the same exercise on July 4.展开更多
THE most universal,representative,and authoritative intergovernmental organization,the United Nations(UN)has performed a crucial function in maintaining world peace and security,preventing and deterring wars,and promo...THE most universal,representative,and authoritative intergovernmental organization,the United Nations(UN)has performed a crucial function in maintaining world peace and security,preventing and deterring wars,and promoting economic development,especially the economic growth of developing nations.The UN provides an authoritative framework and mechanism to ease international conflicts,handle international disputes,and resolve regional and global issues of general concern.Since its establishment 75 years ago。展开更多
After the end of the cold war, the Asia-Pacific security structure has experienced great changes, especially on the occasion of the current "power-sharing" and "power-shifting" between China and th...After the end of the cold war, the Asia-Pacific security structure has experienced great changes, especially on the occasion of the current "power-sharing" and "power-shifting" between China and the United States in the Asia-Pacific region, the Asia-Pacific security structure adjustment is especially significant. On the one hand, the Alliance structure with the United States as the pivot has experienced transformation from a hub-spokes system to a network, has formed the hierarchical layout of new alliance, quasi-alliance and potential alliance, On the other hand, emerging economies represented by China and Russia, while reinforcing the existing coordinate security framework, reshape the Asia-Pacific and even the whole Eurasia geopolitical posture through strategic initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Eurasian Economic Union. As the third force in the Asia-Pacific security architecture, the Association of South-East Asian Nations(ASEAN) with the construction of a series of multilateral security mechanisms provides dialogue platform for the two security architectures led by major countries, and has also become one of the feasible paths to realize the future holistic security architecture in the Asia-Pacific region. Meanwhile, the major countries strategic competitions have intensified, which has gradually eroded the ASEAN ‘s cohesion, neutrality and even the central position in a holistic security architecture. The future's reconstruction of the Asia-Pacific security architecture needs to find new strategic consensus and reconfirm the ASEAN central position.展开更多
基金Support by Small Business Construction Project of China Meteorological Administration(Construction of Environmental Meteorological Forecast and Warning Service System in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta)Special Project for Forecasters of China Meteorological Administration(CMAYBY2016-013)Expert Team for Sandstorm,Fog and Haze Forecast in Inner Mongolia
文摘Characteristics of air pollutants during three types of low-visibility weather in west-central Inner Mongolia were analyzed.The results showed that in the three processes,air pollution was slight during the heavy fog and serious during the haze and sandstorm.PM 10 concentration had the biggest difference among the six pollutants.During the heavy fog,the hourly concentration of PM 2.5 in Hohhot City varied from tens to 100 μg/m^3,while that of PM10 ranged from tens to 200 μg/m^3,and that of O3,NO2,SO2 and CO was low.During the haze,the hourly concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in Hohhot City ranged from tens to 600 μg/m^3.The heavy atmospheric pollution was caused by both PM2.5 and PM10 .The O3 concentration during the haze was lower than that during the heavy fog.The accumulation of NO2,SO2 and CO had a significant effect on the aggravation of atmospheric pollution.During the sandstorm,the hourly concentration of PM 10 in Hohhot City varied from about 100 to 5 000 μg/m^3.It had a hysteresis effect on the position and intensity of sandstorm,and there was no obvious daily change.The stronger the sandstorm was,the larger the hourly concentration of PM10 was.The hourly concentration of PM2.5 ranged from tens to 500 μg/m^3,and there was no obvious daily variation.When the sandstorm was the strongest,PM10 was the main contributor to air pollution,but the air pollution caused by PM2.5 was also serious.The atmospheric pollution from O3 was considerable.The hourly concentration of NO2,SO2 and CO during the sandstorm was obviously lower than that during the heavy fog and haze,and there was no obvious daily change.
文摘In 2016 and 2017 respectively,new governments of the Philippines and the United States took office,which initiated a change in the development of their bilateral relations.Although the US-Philippines alliance has since then returned to normal conditions and defense cooperation has continued to strengthen,policy reorientations and adjustments by the Trump administration have stirred up uncertainties among the Filipinos concerning the ties between the two countries.Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte came to power with the slogan of change.His foreign policy sought to actively close the rift in the relations with China,which were severely damaged by the South China Sea arbitration case.While tightening US-Philippines defense cooperation,he also took active steps to diversify cooperation partners.In recent years,a number of new features have been added to the US-Philippines defense cooperation,which not only reflects the characteristics and trends of the advancement of the US Indo-Pacific strategy,but also has important implications for China and its efforts to maintain overall peace and stability in the neighboring areas and to further enhance China-Philippines relations.
文摘THE U.S.provocations around the South China Sea have recently intensified.Right on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the ad hoc tribunal ruling on the South China Sea arbitration,on July 13,the U.S.Secretary of State,Mike Pompeo,issued the statement“U.S.Position on Maritime Claims in the South China Sea,”saying that,“Beijing’s claims to offshore resources across most of the South China Sea are completely unlawful,as is its campaign of bullying to control them.”The statement denies China’s indisputable sovereignty over Meiji Reef and Ren’ai Reef,and refuses to recognize Zengmu Shoal(roughly 20 meters below the surface)as a part of China.Two days after Pompeo’s statement,the U.S.Navy Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS Ralph Johnson(DDG-114)arrived in the waters near the Nansha Islands to carry out the socalled“freedom of navigation”operation.This year,the U.S.Navy has carried out at least six such operations and conducted various other operations to demonstrate their military presence.The U.S.Air Force often sends bombers over the area.What’s more,aircraft carriers USS Nimitz and USS Ronald Reagan held an exercise in the South China Sea on July 17,the second time in a month.The two aircraft carrier battle groups carried out the same exercise on July 4.
文摘THE most universal,representative,and authoritative intergovernmental organization,the United Nations(UN)has performed a crucial function in maintaining world peace and security,preventing and deterring wars,and promoting economic development,especially the economic growth of developing nations.The UN provides an authoritative framework and mechanism to ease international conflicts,handle international disputes,and resolve regional and global issues of general concern.Since its establishment 75 years ago。
文摘After the end of the cold war, the Asia-Pacific security structure has experienced great changes, especially on the occasion of the current "power-sharing" and "power-shifting" between China and the United States in the Asia-Pacific region, the Asia-Pacific security structure adjustment is especially significant. On the one hand, the Alliance structure with the United States as the pivot has experienced transformation from a hub-spokes system to a network, has formed the hierarchical layout of new alliance, quasi-alliance and potential alliance, On the other hand, emerging economies represented by China and Russia, while reinforcing the existing coordinate security framework, reshape the Asia-Pacific and even the whole Eurasia geopolitical posture through strategic initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Eurasian Economic Union. As the third force in the Asia-Pacific security architecture, the Association of South-East Asian Nations(ASEAN) with the construction of a series of multilateral security mechanisms provides dialogue platform for the two security architectures led by major countries, and has also become one of the feasible paths to realize the future holistic security architecture in the Asia-Pacific region. Meanwhile, the major countries strategic competitions have intensified, which has gradually eroded the ASEAN ‘s cohesion, neutrality and even the central position in a holistic security architecture. The future's reconstruction of the Asia-Pacific security architecture needs to find new strategic consensus and reconfirm the ASEAN central position.
