Urban-rural disparities in mild cognitive impairment and its functional subtypes among community- dwelling older residents in central China

background Substantial variations in the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and its subtypes have been reported,although mostly in geographically defined developed countries and regions.Less is known about MCI and its subtypes in rural areas of less developed central China.Aims The study aimed to compare the prevalence of MCI and its subtypes in residents aged 65 years or older in urban and rural areas of Hubei Province,China.Methods Participants aged 65 years or older were recruited between 2018 and 2019.Inperson structured interviews and clinical and neuropsychological assessments were performed at city health community centres and township hospitals.results Among 2644 participants without dementia,735 had MCI,resulting in a prevalence of 27.8%for total MCI,20.9%for amnestic MCI(aMCI)and 6.9%for non-amnestic MCI(naMCI).The prevalence of MCI in urban and rural areas was 20.2%and 44.1%,respectively.After adjusting for demographic factors,the prevalence of total MCI,aMCI and naMCI differed significantly between rural and urban areas(adjusted odds ratio(OR)2.10,1.44 and 3.76,respectively).Subgroup analysis revealed an association between rural socioeconomic and lifestyle disadvantage and MCI and its subtypes.Conclusions Our findings suggest that the prevalence of MCI among urban residents in central China is consistent with that in other metropolis areas,such as Shanghai,but the prevalence in rural areas is twice that in urban areas.Prospective studies and dementia prevention in China should focus on rural areas.

Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia Exposure on Symptoms of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Repeated Restraint Stress and Forced Swimming Induced-Mouse Model

Background: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) shows as its main symptoms debilitating fatigue that is not relieved by physiological rest, depression, inflammation, learning disability and memory impairment. But, intermittent hypoxia, consisting of alternating exposure to hypoxia and normoxia, plays a very important role in improving CFS. However, the essential components for improving learning and memory in CFS patients as well as their mechanism are largely unknown. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the effects of 12% and 15% hypoxia on the expression of alpha tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in CFS induced-mouse model for clarifying the effects on the learning and memory function. Methods: A total of 48 type IC mice were used. The CFS mouse model was established using restrained stress and repeated forced swimming. Treatment of CFS was done by exposing CFS mice to intermittent hypoxia at 12% and 15%. The effects of intermittent hypoxia on learning and memory as well as its mechanism of action on inflammation were tested respectively with the Morris test, the SDS page, the immunohistochemistry technique and the Nissl staining. Results: We found that 12% and 15% intermittent hypoxia exposure improved learning capacity and memory of CFS induced-mice. SDS page showed that CFS caused higher TNF-α expression. By exposing CFS mice to 12% and 15% intermittent hypoxia, TNF-α expression decreased significantly, with a much better effect at 15%. Both TNF-α and NF-κB increased in CFS state and decreased after treatment with intermittent hypoxia. Conclusion: Intermittent hypoxia improves learning capacity and memory. It acted by decreasing NF-κB come to down-regulating TNF-α and ameliorates learning capacity and memory impairment in CFS mice.

Theoretical investigation of hierarchical sub-wavelength photonic structures fabricated using high-order waveguide-mode interference lithograph

This paper presents the theoretical investigation of hierarchical sub-wavelength photonic structures with various periods and numbers of layers, which were fabricated using a high-order waveguide-mode interference field. A 442-nm laser was used to excite high-order waveguide modes in an asymmetric metal-cladding dielectric waveguide structure. The dispersion curve of the waveguide modes was theoretically analyzed, and the distribution of the interference field of high-order waveguide modes was numerically simulated using the finite-element method. The various dependences of the characteristics of hierarchical sub-wavelength photonic structures on the thickness and refractive index of the photoresist and the waveguide mode were investigated in detail. These hierarchical sub-wavelength photonic structures have various periods and numbers of layers and can be fabricated by a simple and low-cost method.

Lower serum magnesium concentration and higher 24-h urinary magnesium excretion despite higher dietary magnesium intake in athletes:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Magnesium plays a critical role in the human's life activities and energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the magnesium status of athletes via a systematic review of cross-sectional studies. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library electronic databases, and other sources before April 5, 2021. Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review, involving 855 athletes and 521 control subjects. Serum magnesium concentration was significantly lower in athletes(mean difference(MD):-0.04 mmol/L;95% confidence interval(CI):-0.06 to-0.01;P = 0.02)in spite of significantly higher dietary magnesium intake(MD: 51.72 mg/day;95% CI: 14.62 to 88.83;P = 0.006). Meta-analysis showed that 24-h urinary magnesium excretion in athletes was significantly higher than that in the untrained population(MD: 0.76 mmol/day;95% CI: 0.11 to 1.41;P = 0.02). Despite higher total dietary magnesium intake, athletes generally have lower serum magnesium concentration and higher 24-h urinary magnesium excretion, demonstrating that the magnesium requirement of athletes is higher than the untrained population. It is necessary to carry out a dietary assessment and nutrition counseling to help athletes adopt proper diets to meet their nutritional needs in exercise.

Predicting hepatocellular carcinoma: A new non-invasive model based on shear wave elastography

BACKGROUND Integrating conventional ultrasound features with 2D shear wave elastography(2D-SWE)can potentially enhance preoperative hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)predictions.AIM To develop a 2D-SWE-based predictive model for preoperative identification of HCC.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 884 patients who underwent liver resection and pathology evaluation from February 2021 to August 2023 was conducted at the Oriental Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital.The patients were divided into the modeling group(n=720)and the control group(n=164).The study included conventional ultrasound,2D-SWE,and preoperative laboratory tests.Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent predictive factors for RESULTS In the modeling group analysis,maximal elasticity(Emax)of tumors and their peripheries,platelet count,cirrhosis,and blood flow were independent risk indicators for malignancies.These factors yielded an area under the curve of 0.77(95%confidence interval:0.73-0.81)with 84%sensitivity and 61%specificity.The model demonstrated good calibration in both the construction and validation cohorts,as shown by the calibration graph and Hosmer-Lemeshow test(P=0.683 and P=0.658,respectively).Additionally,the mean elasticity(Emean)of the tumor periphery was identified as a risk factor for microvascular invasion(MVI)in malignant liver tumors(P=0.003).Patients receiving antiviral treatment differed significantly in platelet count(P=0.002),Emax of tumors(P=0.033),Emean of tumors(P=0.042),Emax at tumor periphery(P<0.001),and Emean at tumor periphery(P=0.003).CONCLUSION 2D-SWE’s hardness value serves as a valuable marker for enhancing the preoperative diagnosis of malignant liver lesions,correlating significantly with MVI and antiviral treatment efficacy.

儿童气管支气管异物CT三维检查中的辐射防护

目的探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)摆位方法、扫描范围及低剂量扫描技术在儿童气管支气管异物检查辐射防护中的应用。方法选取2016年3月-2017年9月西安交通大学第二附属医院收治的临床怀疑为气管、支气管异物的儿童患者80例,随机分为两组。对照组采用常规MSCT(管电压:120 kV,管电流:80 mA,扫描范围为喉部至膈上)检查,实验组采用低剂量MSCT(管电压:100 kV,管电流:30 mA,扫描部位为会厌部至膈上,去除扫描头架)检查。所有检查结果与支气管镜检结果进行对比分析。结果与对照组比较,实验组CT剂量指数(CTDI)与剂量长度乘积(DLP)均降低(P<0.05),实验组辐射剂量仅为对照组的60%。两组图像质量均为优良。与支气管镜结果比较,实验组的诊断符合率为100%,对照组为95%。结论采用低剂量MSCT,检查时去除扫描头架,扫描范围自会厌部至膈上,不但可以降低儿童受照射的辐射剂量,而且可以提高儿童气管支气管异物的诊断率。

乙基双马来酰胺酸类物质对聚氯乙烯的热稳定及修复性能的影响

以马来酸酐和乙二胺为原料采用溶剂法合成乙基双马来酰胺酸(H2L),经乙基双马来酰胺酸与氢氧化钙的固相共研磨成功合成出乙基双马来酰胺酸钙(CaL)。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、元素分析等表征其结构与性能;将合成的H2L或CaL与聚氯乙烯(PVC)均匀混合,利用刚果红试验测试其对PVC的静态热稳定时间;PVC在200℃油浴中热解得降解PVC,将H2L或CaL分别与降解PVC均匀混合后在双辊塑炼机上塑化、热压成型,进行力学性能测试,采用FT-IR对修复前后的PVC进行测试,并对修复后的PVC断面形貌进行扫描电镜观察。结果表明,所合成的H2L和CaL都可以作为PVC的热稳定剂,CaL对PVC的热稳定作用更优,且H2L可以对降解PVC进行性能修复,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率修复率分别达到了109.8%和150.3%.其修复是通过双马来酰胺酸与降解PVC中的共轭双烯发生Diels-Alder反应实现的。

高安全锂离子电池复合集流体的界面强化

面向高能量密度电池的高比容量三元正极材料的应用,使锂离子电池更容易发生热失控,这不仅降低了其安全性,也限制了锂离子电池的进一步发展。如何在提高能量密度的同时保证电池的安全性是亟待解决的问题。以绝缘高分子薄膜为支撑基材,两侧沉积金属层得到了具有夹芯结构的铝复合集流体能有效保证电池在针刺条件下的安全性,且更轻的复合集流体的使用能进一步提高电池能量密度。但高分子基材与铝金属层之间界面结合力较差,这会导致复合集流体在高温电解液浸泡中发生脱层现象,从而影响其在电池中的使用。本研究采用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)作为支撑基材,通过在铝金属镀层与高分子基材之间引入氧化物中间层,有效地增强了金属与高分子基材之间的界面结合力,提升复合集流体的电解液兼容性。此外,复合集流体良好的机械性能使其能很好地兼容现有的电池制备技术,利用其制备的软包电池表现出与使用传统铝箔为集流体的电池相当的电化学性能。进一步的针刺测试表明,复合集流体能有效阻止锂电池在针刺过程中的热失控,显著改善了电池的安全性能。

Exercise as a prescription for patients with various diseases

A growing understanding of the benefits of exercise over the past few decades has prompted researchers to take an interest in the possibilities of exercise therapy.Because each sport has its own set of characteristics and physiological complications that tend to occur during exercise training,the effects and underlying mechanisms of exercise remain unclear.Thus,the first step in probing the effects of exercise on different diseases is the selection of an optimal exercise protocol.This review summarizes the latest exercise prescription treatments for 26 different diseases:musculoskeletal system diseases(low back pain,tendon injury,osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and hip fracture),metabolic system diseases(obesity,type 2 diabetes,type 1 diabetes,and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease),cardio-cerebral vascular system diseases(coronary artery disease,stroke,and chronic heart failure),nervous system diseases(Parkinson’s disease,Huntington’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,depression,and anxiety disorders),respiratory system diseases(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,interstitial lung disease,and after lung transplantation),urinary system diseases(chronic kidney disease and after kidney transplantation),and cancers(breast cancer,colon cancer,prostate cancer,and lung cancer).Each exercise prescription is displayed in a corresponding table.The recommended type,intensity,and frequency of exercise prescriptions are summarized,and the effects of exercise therapy on the prevention and rehabilitation of different diseases are discussed.

Effects of exergaming on motor skill competence,perceived competence,and physical activity in preschool children

Background: Few school settings offer opportunities for preschool children to engage in structured physical activity, and only a few studies have been conducted examining exergaming's effectiveness on health outcomes in this age group. This study's purpose, therefore, was to examine a school-based exergaming intervention's effect on preschool children's perceived competence(PC), motor skill competence(MSC), and physical activity versus usual care(recess), as well as to examine gender differences for these outcomes.Methods: A total of 65 preschool children from 2 underserved urban schools were assigned to 1 of 2 conditions, with the school as the experimental unit:(1) usual care recess group(8 weeks of 100 min of recess/week(5 days ￡ 20 min)) and(2) exergaming intervention group(8 weeks of100 min of exergaming/week(5 days ￡ 20 min) at school). All children underwent identical assessments of PC, MSC, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) at baseline and at the end of the 8 th week.Results: A significant Group ￡ Time effect was observed for MVPA, F(1, 52) = 4.37, p = 0.04, h2 p= 0.04, but not for PC, F(1, 52) = 0.83, p = 0.37,h2 p= 0.02, or MSC, F(1, 52) = 0.02, p = 0.88, h2 p= 0.00. Specifically, the intervention children displayed significantly greater increased MVPA after8 weeks than the comparison children. Additionally, there was a significant time effect for MSC, F(1, 52) = 15.61, p < 0.01, h2 p= 0.23, and gender effect for MVPA, F(1, 52) = 5.06, p = 0.02, h2 p= 0.09. Although all preschoolers' MSC improved across time, boys demonstrated greater MVPA than girls at both time points.Conclusion: Exergaming showed a positive effect in promoting preschool children's MVPA at school and has the potential to enhance PC and MSC. More research with larger sample sizes and longer study durations are warranted.

Energy Efficient Power Allocation for Relay-Aided D2D Communications in 5G Networks

As one of the key technologies for the fifth generation(5G) wireless networks,device-to-device(D2D) communications allow user equipment(UE) in close proximity to communicate with each other directly.Forwarded by a relay,the relay-aided D2D(RA-D2D) communications can not only be applied to communications in much longer distance but also achieve a high quality of service(Qo S) .In this paper,we first propose a two-layer system model allowing RA-D2 D links to underlay traditional cellular uplinks.Then we maximize the energy efficiency of the RA-D2 D link while satisfying the minimum data-rate of the cellular link.The optimal transmit power at both D2 D transmitter and D2 D relay sides is obtained by transforming the nonlinear fractional programming into a nonlinear parameter programming.Simulation results show that our proposed power allocation method is more energy efficient than the existing works,and the proposed RA-D2 D scheme outperformed direct D2 D scheme when the distance between two D2 D users is longer.

Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 administration improves the intestinal health and immunity in neonatal piglets infected by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

Background:This study aimed to investigate the effects of oral administration of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB10415(E.faecium)on intestinal development,immunological parameters and gut microbiota of neonatal piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88(ETEC).A total of 961-day-old sow-reared piglets were randomly assigned to 2 groups,with 48 piglets in each group.The piglets were from 16 litters(6 piglets each litter),and 3 piglets each litter were allocated to the E.faecium-supplemented(PRO)group,while the other 3 piglets were allocated to the control(CON)group.After colostrum intake,piglets in the PRO group were orally administrated with 3×10~9 CFU E.faecium per day for a period of one week.On day 8,one piglet per litter from each group was challenged(CON+ETEC,PRO+ETEC)or not(CON-ETEC,PRO-ETEC)with ETEC in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.On day 10(2 days after challenge),blood and tissue samples were obtained from piglets.Results:Before ETEC challenge,there were no significant differences for the average daily gain(ADG)and fecal score between the two groups of piglets.After ETEC challenge,the challenged piglets had greater fecal score compared to the non-challenged piglets,whereas E.faecium administration was able to decrease the fecal score.Piglets challenged with ETEC had shorter villous height,deeper crypt depth,and reduced number of goblet cells in the jejunum and decreased m RNA abundance of claudin-1 in the ileum,whereas increased the percentage of lymphocytes,concentrations of IL-1βin the plasma and TNF-αin the ileal mucosa,as well as increased the m RNA abundances of innate immunity-related genes in the ileum tissue.These deleterious effects caused by ETEC were partly alleviated by feeding E.faecium.In addition,piglets in PRO-ETEC group had decreased the percentage of CD8^+T cells of the peripheral blood when compared to those in CON-ETEC group.Moreover,E.faecium administration increased Verrucomicrobia at phylum level and decreased Bilophila at genus level.Conclusions:These results suggest that oral administration of E.faecium alleviated the intestinal injury and diarrhea severity of neonatal piglets challenged by ETEC,partly through improving the intestinal microbiota and immune response.This offers a potential strategy of dietary intervention against intestinal impairment by ETEC in neonatal piglets.

Effects of Tai Chi Chuan training on cellular immunity in post-surgical non-small cell lung cancer survivors:A randomized pilot trial

Background： Although emerging evidence points to benefits from Tai Chi Chuan （TCC） in improving immune system function, its effects on cellular immune responses remain under-studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of TCC training on cellular immunity in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Methods： A 2-group randomized trial design in which post-surgical, non-small cell lung cancer survivors were randomly assigned to a TCC training group （n = 16） or a control group （n = 16）. The participants in the TCC group completed a 16-week intervention. The main immune response outcome measures assayed included the ratio of T-helper cells/T-suppressor cells （CD4＋：CD8＋ ratio） and complement regulatory proteins status （CRPs; CD55 and CD59）. Using repeated measures ANOVA, the data were analyzed for the participants who completed the study （n = 27）. Results： At 16 weeks, the TCC participants showed a significantly lower increment in the expression of CD55 （p 〈 0.05） as compared to the control group. No significant between-group differences were found in the CD4＋：CD8＋ ratio or CD59 expression. There were also no significant correlations among the changes in CRPs or T lymphocyte subpopulations, either. Conclusion： A 16-week TCC intervention caused no alterations in CD4＋：CD8＋ ratio, but significantly attenuated CD55 expression among post- surgical non-small cell lung cancer survivors.

Walking pace and the risk of stroke:A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Purpose:The extent to which walking pace is associated with a reduced risk for stroke remains unclear.This study examined the association between walking pace and stroke risk based on prospective cohort studies.Methods:Databases of PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,Scopus,and China National Knowledge Internet were searched from the inception dates to January 31,2019,for prospective cohort studies focusing on walking pace and risk of stroke in adults.Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the studies.The dependent measure was stroke incidence.Using random-effects models,a metaanalysis was performed to estimate the overall relative risks(RR)of stroke incidence and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for the individuals with the fastest walking paces vs.individuals with the slowest walking paces.A dose-response relationship was also examined.Results:After screening 1294 titles/abstracts and 14 full-text studies identified in the search,7 studies(from 8 cohorts)were included in the metaanalysis.The 7 studies included a total of 135,645 participants(95.2%women;mean age 63.6 years)and 2229 stroke events(median follow-up time=8.0 years).Compared to individuals in the slowest walking-pace category(median=1.6 km/h),individuals in the fastest walking-pace category(median=5.6 km/h)had a 44%lower risk of stroke(pooled RR=0.56,95%CI:0.48-0.65).There was also a linear dose-response relationship(RR=0.87;95%CI:0.83-0.91),with the risk of stroke decreased by 13%for every 1 km/h increment in baseline walking pace.We observed similar results across walking-pace assessment,type of stroke ascertainment,stroke subtypes,sex,sample size,and duration of follow-up.Conclusion:Findings from this meta-analysis indicate that walking pace is inversely associated with the risk of stroke.

Children's motor skill competence,physical activity, fitness,and health promotion

The high prevalence of childhood obesity, evident globally in the past decade, is partly due to low physical activity (PA).1 Obesity and low cardiovascular fitness in children may increase the risk of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia during childhood and may contribute to the development of chronic diseases in adulthood, such as hypertension and diabetes. 2 Participating in regular PA plays a significant role in the prevention of and decrease in childhood obesity and chronic diseases, thereby contributing to the prevention of chronic diseases later in adulthood.

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间产科防范及应对措施

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)自2020年12月开始从武汉蔓延,爆发至全国各地甚至境外。孕产妇是特殊免疫耐受的易感人群,妊娠期妇女对病毒性呼吸系统感染的炎症应急反应明显增强,一旦感染病情会迅速发展,易进展为重症,从而危及母胎生命。对于COVID-19非定点救治单位更要做好COVID-19流行期间孕产妇和新生儿防护工作。该文就疫情期间孕产妇如何调整产前检查时间、医务人员防范措施、门诊就诊注意事项、住院患者和陪护管理、疑似或确诊患者产科急症处理等提出应对措施,供临床医生参考,确保疫情防控期间的母婴安全。

Effect of low-dose radiation on thyroid function and the gut microbiota

BACKGROUND The thyroid-gut axis has a great influence on the maintenance of human health;however,we know very little about the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation(LDR) on thyroid hormone levels and gut microbiota composition.AIM To investigate the potential effects of low-dose X-ray radiation to male C57BL/6J mice.METHODS Peripheral blood was collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and stool samples were taken for 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA) gene sequencing after irradiation.RESULTS We found that LDR caused changes in thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) levels in the irradiated mice,suggesting a dose-dependent response in thyroid function to ionizing radiation.No changes in the diversity and richness of the gut microbiota were observed in the LDR-exposed group in comparison to the controls.The abundance of Moraxellaceae and Enterobacteriaceae decreased in the LDR-exposed groups compared with the controls,and the Lachnospiraceae abundance increased in a dose-dependent manner in the radiated groups.And the abundances of uncultured_bacterium_g_Acinetobacter,uncultured_bacterium_o_Mollicutes_RF39,uncultured_bacterium_g_Citrobacter,and uncultured_bacterium_g_Lactococcus decreased in the radiated groups at the genus level,which showed a correlation with radiation exposure and diagnostic efficacy.Analysis of functional metabolic pathways revealed that biological metabolism was predicted to have an effect on functional activities,such as nucleotide metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism.Furthermore,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation also suggested that changes in the gut microbiota were related to processing functions,including translation,replication and repair.CONCLUSION LDR can change thyroid function and the gut microbiota,and changes in the abundances of bacteria are correlated with the radiation dose.

Nano-buffer controlled electron tunneling to regulate heterojunctional interface emission

Interface emission from heterojunction is a shortcoming for electroluminescent devices.A buffer layer introduced in the heterojunctional interfaces is a potential solution for the challenge.However,the dynamics for carrier tunneling to control the interface emission is still a mystery.Herein,the low-refractive HfO_(2)with a proper energy band configuration is em-ployed as the buffer layer in achieving ZnO-microwire/HfO_(2)/GaN heterojunctional light-emitting diodes(LEDs).The optic-ally pumped lasing threshold and lifetime of the ZnO microwire are reduced with the introduced HfO_(2)layer.As a result,the interface emission is of blue-shift from visible wavelengths to 394 nm whereas the ultraviolet(UV)emission is en-hanced.To regulate the interface recombination between electrons in the conduction band of ZnO and holes in the valence band of GaN,the tunneling electrons with higher conduction band are employed to produce a higher tunneling current through regulation of thin HfO_(2)film causing blue shift and interface emission enhancement.Our results provide a method to control the tunneling electrons in heterojunction for high-performance LEDs.

A 6-week diet and exercise intervention alters metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese Chinese children aged 11-13 years

Purpose:A randomized,controlled trial was conducted to determine whether a 6-week low calorie diet and aerobic exercise intervention could alter metabolic syndrome(MetS) risk factors in pre-pubescent obese Chinese children.Methods:The subjects were randomized into diet and exercise(DE) and control(C) groups.The DE group ingested 1600-2000 kcal/day adjusted to each participant’s basal metabolic rate,and engaged in high-volume aerobic exercise(6 days/week,twice daily,for 3 h per session) for 6 weeks.A total of 215 obese children between the ages of 11 and 13 years were recruited into the study,with 167 subjects(DE,n=95;C,n=72) completing all phases.Pre-and post-study measures included body weight,body mass index,waist circumference,body fat percentage,blood pressure and other MetS-related markers from fasting blood samples(serum cholesterol,triglycerides,insulin,and glucose).Results:Compared to controls,the DE subjects experienced significantly reduced levels for all outcome markers(p 【 0.05),except for fasting blood glucose in boys(p=0.09).Conclusion:An intensive,6-week diet and exercise intervention had favorable effects in altering MetS risk factors in obese Chinese children aged 11 to 13.

Microarray gene expression analysis of chemosensitivity for docetaxel,cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil(TPF)combined chemotherapeutic regimen in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Objective: To screen out a set of candidate genes which could help to determine whether patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) could benefit from docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy. Methods: Gene-expression profiles in 12 TPF-sensitive patients were compared to 9 resistant controls by microarray analysis. Subsequently, expression levels of potential biomarkers in chemosensitive cell line FaDu after TPF treatment were observed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Through microarray analysis, 1,579 differentially expressed genes were identified, of which 815 were up-regulated in TPF chemotherapy-responsive tissues whereas 764 were down-regulated. Gene ontology (GO) analysis suggested these genes participating in physiological processes including transcription and its regulation, cellular signal transduction and metabolic process. Additionally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database revealed that MAPK and Jat/STAT signaling pathways occupied important roles in TPF chemotherapeutic sensitivity. Moreover, in vitro cell culture experiments revealed the expression alternations of IL-6, MAPK14, JUN, CDK5 and CAMK2A exposed to TPF treatment by qRT-PCR, whilst providing an insight into the mechanism underlying TPF chemotherapeutic response in HSCC. Conclusions: These results provided a battery of genes related to TPF chemotherapeutic sensitivity and might act as molecular targets in HSCC treatment. Moreover, these candidate biomarkers could contribute to HSCC individualized treatment.