Effective separation of coal gasification fine slag: Role of classification and ultrasonication in enhancing flotation

Effective separation of residual carbon and ash is the basis for the resource utilization of coal gasification fine slag(CGFS).The conventional flotation process of CGFS has the bottlenecks of low carbon recovery and high collector dosage.In order to address these issues,CGFS sample taken from Shaanxi,China was used as the study object in this paper.A new process of size classification-fine grain ultrasonic pretreatment flotation(SC-FGUF)was proposed and its separation effect was compared with that of wholegrain flotation(WGF)as well as size classification-fine grain flotation(SC-FGF).The mechanism of its enhanced separation effect was revealed through flotation kinetic fitting,flotation flow foam layer stability,particle size composition,surface morphology,pore structure,and surface chemical property analysis.The results showed that compared with WGF,pre-classification could reduce the collector dosage by 84.09%and the combination of pre-classification and ultrasonic pretreatment could increase the combustible recovery by 17.29%and up to 93.46%.The SC-FGUF process allows the ineffective adsorption of coarse residual carbon to collector during flotation stage to be reduced by pre-classification,and the tightly embedded state of fine CGFS particles is disrupted and surface oxidizing functional group occupancy was reduced by ultrasonic pretreatment,thus carbon and ash is easier to be separated in the flotation process.In addition,some of the residual carbon particles were broken down to smaller sizes in the ultrasonic pretreatment,which led to an increase in the stability of flotation flow foam layer and a decrease in the probability of detachment of residual carbon particles from the bubbles.Therefore,SCFGUF could increase the residual carbon recovery and reduce the flotation collector dosage,which is an innovative method for carbon-ash separation of CGFS with good application prospect.

Weather-Driven Solar Power Forecasting Using D-Informer:Enhancing Predictions with Climate Variables

Precise forecasting of solar power is crucial for the development of sustainable energy systems.Contemporary forecasting approaches often fail to adequately consider the crucial role of weather factors in photovoltaic(PV)power generation and encounter issues such as gradient explosion or disappearance when dealing with extensive time-series data.To overcome these challenges,this research presents a cutting-edge,multi-stage forecasting method called D-Informer.This method skillfully merges the differential transformation algorithm with the Informer model,leveraging a detailed array of meteorological variables and historical PV power generation records.The D-Informer model exhibits remarkable superiority over competing models across multiple performance metrics,achieving on average a 67.64%reduction in mean squared error(MSE),a 49.58%decrease in mean absolute error(MAE),and a 43.43%reduction in root mean square error(RMSE).Moreover,it attained an R2 value as high as 0.9917 during the winter season,highlighting its precision and dependability.This significant advancement can be primarily attributed to the incorporation of a multi-head self-attention mechanism,which greatly enhances the model’s ability to identify complex interactions among diverse input variables,and the inclusion of weather variables,enriching the model’s input data and strengthening its predictive accuracy in time series analysis.Additionally,the experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Boron nitride for enhanced oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene

It is demonstrated experimentally and confirmed theoretically that highly defective boron nitride showed outstanding performance for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene.The catalyst is derived from carbon-doped hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets synthesized via a two-step reaction when participating the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction.The first step yields a polymeric precursor with the atomic positions of B,C,N relatively constrained,which is conducive for the formation of carbon atomic clusters uniformly dispersed throughout the BN framework.During the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene,the nanoscale carbon clusters are removed and highly defective boron nitride(D-BN)is obtained,exposing boron-rich zigzag edges of BN that act as the catalytic sites.The catalytic performance of D-BN is therefore remarkably better than un-doped h-BN.Our results indicate that dispersed C-doping in h-BN is highly effective in terms of defect formation and resultant enhanced activity in oxidative dehydrogenation reactions.

Structural properties of residual carbon in coal gasification fine slag and their influence on flotation separation and resource utilization:A review

Coal gasification fine slag(FS)is a typical solid waste generated in coal gasification.Its current disposal methods of stockpil-ing and landfilling have caused serious soil and ecological hazards.Separation recovery and the high-value utilization of residual carbon(RC)in FS are the keys to realizing the win-win situation of the coal chemical industry in terms of economic and environmental benefits.The structural properties,such as pore,surface functional group,and microcrystalline structures,of RC in FS(FS-RC)not only affect the flotation recovery efficiency of FS-RC but also form the basis for the high-value utilization of FS-RC.In this paper,the characteristics of FS-RC in terms of pore structure,surface functional groups,and microcrystalline structure are sorted out in accordance with gasification type and FS particle size.The reasons for the formation of the special structural properties of FS-RC are analyzed,and their influence on the flotation separation and high-value utilization of FS-RC is summarized.Separation methods based on the pore structural characterist-ics of FS-RC,such as ultrasonic pretreatment-pore-blocking flotation and pore breaking-flocculation flotation,are proposed to be the key development technologies for improving FS-RC recovery in the future.The design of low-cost,low-dose collectors containing polar bonds based on the surface and microcrystalline structures of FS-RC is proposed to be an important breakthrough point for strengthening the flotation efficiency of FS-RC in the future.The high-value utilization of FS should be based on the physicochemical structural proper-ties of FS-RC and should focus on the environmental impact of hazardous elements and the recyclability of chemical waste liquid to es-tablish an environmentally friendly utilization method.This review is of great theoretical importance for the comprehensive understand-ing of the unique structural properties of FS-RC,the breakthrough of the technological bottleneck in the efficient flotation separation of FS,and the expansion of the field of the high value-added utilization of FS-RC.

Comparative analysis of primate and pig cells reveals primate-specific PINK1 expression and phosphorylation

PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1),a mitochondrial kinase that phosphorylates Parkin and other proteins,plays a crucial role in mitophagy and protection against neurodegeneration.Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin can lead to loss of function and early onset Parkinson's disease.However,there is a lack of strong in vivo evidence in rodent models to support the theory that loss of PINK1 affects mitophagy and induces neurodegeneration.Additionally,PINK1 knockout pigs(Sus scrofa)do not appear to exhibit neurodegeneration.In our recent work involving non-human primates,we found that PINK1 is selectively expressed in primate brains,while absent in rodent brains.To extend this to other species,we used multiple antibodies to examine the expression of PINK1 in pig tissues.In contrast to tissues from cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis),our data did not convincingly demonstrate detectable PINK1expression in pig tissues.Knockdown of PINK1 in cultured pig cells did not result in altered Parkin and BAD phosphorylation,as observed in cultured monkey cells.A comparison of monkey and pig striatum revealed more PINK1-phosphorylated substrates in the monkey brain.Consistently,PINK1 knockout in pigs did not lead to obvious changes in the phosphorylation of Parkin and BAD.These findings provide new evidence that PINK1expression is specific to primates,underscoring the importance of non-human primates in investigating PINK1function and pathology related to PINK1 deficiency.

Evaluation and Projection of Population Exposure to Temperature Extremes over the Beijing−Tianjin−Hebei Region Using a High-Resolution Regional Climate Model RegCM4 Ensemble

Temperature extremes over rapidly urbanizing regions with high population densities have been scrutinized due to their severe impacts on human safety and economics.First of all,the performance of the regional climate model RegCM4 with a hydrostatic or non-hydrostatic dynamic core in simulating seasonal temperature and temperature extremes was evaluated over the historical period of 1991–99 at a 12-km spatial resolution over China and a 3-km resolution over the Beijing−Tianjin−Hebei(JJJ)region,a typical urban agglomeration of China.Simulations of spatial distributions of temperature extremes over the JJJ region using RegCM4 with hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic cores showed high spatial correlations of more than 0.8 with the observations.Under a warming climate,temperature extremes of annual maximum daily temperature(TXx)and summer days(SU)in China and the JJJ region showed obvious increases by the end of the 21st century while there was a general reduction in frost days(FD).The ensemble of RegCM4 with different land surface components was used to examine population exposure to temperature extremes over the JJJ region.Population exposure to temperature extremes was found to decrease in 2091−99 relative to 1991−99 over the majority of the JJJ region due to the joint impacts of increases in temperature extremes over the JJJ and population decreases over the JJJ region,except for downtown areas.Furthermore,changes in population exposure to temperature extremes were mainly dominated by future population changes.Finally,we quantified changes in exposure to temperature extremes with temperature increase over the JJJ region.This study helps to provide relevant policies to respond future climate risks over the JJJ region.

单分子荧光原位杂交(smFISH)技术及应用

单分子荧光原位杂交(single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization,smFISH)技术是一种通过用偶联荧光基团的寡核苷酸探针,对固定细胞或组织中单个mRNA分子进行成像的方法。smFISH可对RNA进行定位、定量,以此对目标转录本进行实时研究。sm FISH适用于细胞、组织切片等多种类型生物样本。近年来,多种基于基础smFISH的改进技术被发明,进一步促进了该技术的实际应用。smFISH良好的RNA单分子可视化能力,使得其在发育生物学、神经生物学及肿瘤生物学等基础生物学科中得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了smFISH技术基本原理、smFISH技术的局限性、smFISH衍生技术方法、smFISH在不同生物学科中的应用进展,并对smFISH技术的发展前景做出展望。

膝关节骨性关节炎软骨损伤的MRI形态评分及T_2值变化与临床表现的相关性

目的探讨膝关节骨性关节炎(OA)软骨损伤MRI形态评分及T_2值变化与临床表现的相关性。方法选取2016年9月—2017年7月在武汉市第一医院诊治的膝关节OA患者72例作为研究组,选取同期该院健康体检者20例作为对照组,所有研究对象进行MRI检查。比较两组膝关节软骨不同区域T_2值,采用骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)和全器官磁共振评分(WORMS)分别评估两组研究者症状程度和MRI检查严重程度,分析T_2值与WOAMC、WORMS的相关性。结果研究组股骨外侧区(LF)、股骨内侧区(MF)、胫骨外侧区(LT)、胫骨内侧区(MT)及髌骨区(P)区域软骨T_2值高于对照组(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析结果表明,膝关节OA患者LF区域T_2值与WORMS评分无相关性(P>0.05);膝关节OA患者MF、LT、MT及P区域T_2值与WORMS评分均呈正相关(P<0.05);膝关节OA患者僵硬、疼痛、关节功能WOMAC评分及WOMAC总分与T_2值呈正相关(P <0.05)。结论 MRI检查T_2值与膝关节OA患者临床症状、软骨病变程度呈正相关,MRI检查能反映膝关节OA患者软骨损伤程度。

Slot双下肢全长摄影在全膝关节置换术中的应用价值

目的探讨动态平板透视的狭缝全景摄影技术(Slot)双下肢全长摄影在膝关节置换术的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2013年11月-2017年3月89例膝关节置换患者,共99个膝关节进行全膝关节置换术,每位患者在手术前后分别使用动态平板透视摄影系统的狭缝全景技术进行负重位的双下肢全长摄影,采用0~2分的评分方式对图像质量进行评估,0分图像质量差,1分图像质量中等,2分者为图像质量优良,并在图像质量优良的图片上通过后处理软件对患者的手术膝进行术前和术后下肢力线及胫股角进行测量,对术前进行全面评估,同时通过对比分析评价手术效果。结果 (1)89例患者Slot双下肢全长摄像一次成功率100%,成像时间短,操作简便、快捷,每位患者图像质量评分均为2分,质量优良,完全满足诊断及临床的要求;(2)89例患者术前均得到全面准确的评估,80例为骨性关节炎,9例为创伤性骨关节炎,其中,合并膝内翻畸形17例,膝外翻畸形患者8例,无合并内外翻畸形者64例;(3)术后所有患者假体对位、对线良好,假体周围无骨折,所有患者下肢力线和胫股角均为正常范围,17例膝关节内翻畸形患者,胫股角手术前后比较差异有统计学意义(t=-6.590,P=0.000);8例膝外翻畸形患者,胫股角手术前后比较差异有统计学意义(t=5.597,P=0.001),膝内外翻畸形较术前均得到良好的校正;无合并内外翻畸形64例患者术后下肢力线与重力垂线夹角和胫股角与手术前后比较,差异无统计学意义(t_(前者)=0.725,P=0.487,t_(后者)=-2.090,P=0.070)。结论使用狭缝全景摄影技术对双下肢全长进行成像,其成功率高、检查时间短、辐射剂量低,且图像拼接操作简便,质量优良,满足临床诊断需求,对临床术前手术方案制定及术后评估具有重要应用价值。

180例肾移植患者他克莫司血药浓度监测

目的研究肾移植患者术后不同时间段他克莫司(FK506)血药浓度的监测情况,为临床安全合理使用FK506提供参考。方法以180例肾移植患者为研究对象,分析术后时间、用药剂量、患者性别、年龄及CYP3A5基因多态性等因素与FK506血药浓度的关系。结果肾移植患者手术1个月后,FK506的用药剂量、血药浓度随着术后时间的延长而逐渐降低,血药浓度的个体差异较大;在术后0～7 d,女性患者血药浓度高于男性(P<0.05),其他时间段内,性别对患者用药剂量、血药浓度的影响差异无统计学意义;在术后的同一时间段中,高龄组(年龄>45岁)患者的用药剂量均略低于低龄组(年龄16～45岁),其中3～6个月内差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CYP3A5*3基因多态性对肾移植患者FK506血药浓度影响较大,在术后的同一时间段中,CYP3A5*1*1型患者FK506用药剂量显著高于CYP3A5*1*3型和CYP3A5*3*3型患者(P<0.05),而CYP3A5*1*1型患者血药浓度显著低于CYP3A5*1*3型和CYP3A5*3*3型患者(P<0.05)。结论 FK506血药浓度监测和基因多态性检测可降低免疫过度、不足和药物不良反应的发生,有利于提高移植肾的长期存活率。

化妆品控油功效评价方法研究进展

油性肤质人群颇受皮肤油腻的困扰,如易发生粉刺、毛孔粗大、皮肤粗糙、皮肤油腻、痤疮与脂溢性皮炎等问题。皮脂分泌受多种因素影响,控油机制复杂,化妆品控油功效需要进行多层面多维度的全面科学的评价。《化妆品分类规则和分类目录》将控油功效释义为“有助于减缓施用部位皮脂分泌和沉积,或使施用部位出油现象不明显”。《化妆品监督管理条例》要求化妆品的功效宣称应当有充分的科学依据。文章从皮脂分泌的基本机理入手,阐述了化妆品控油功效宣称的国内外法规要求、控油化妆品作用机制、化妆品控油功效评价方法和研究进展,并对更全面的化妆品控油功效评价体系的建立提出了展望。

Boron neutron capture therapy for malignant melanoma： first clinical case report in China

A phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ clinical trial for treating malignant melanoma by boron neutron capture therapy（BNCT） was designed to evaluate whether the world＇s first in-hospital neutron irradiator（IHNI） was qualified for BNCT. In this clinical trial planning to enroll 30 patients, the first case was treated on August 19, 2014. We present the protocol of this clinical trial, the treating procedure, and the clinical outcome of this first case. Only grade 2 acute radiation injury was observed during the first four weeks after BNCT and the injury healed after treatment. No late radiation injury was found during the 24-month follow-up. Based on positron emission tomography-computed tomography（PET/CT） scan, pathological analysis and gross examination, the patient showed a complete response to BNCT,indicating that BNCT is a potent therapy against malignant melanoma and IHNI has the potential to enable the delivery of BNCT in hospitals.

Interactions between bubble and particles of key minerals of diasporic bauxite through the extended DLVO theory

The flotation of diasporic bauxite is to separate diaspore(valuable mineral)from aluminosilicate minerals(gangue minerals,mainly including kaolinite,illite and pyrophyllite),and the microscopic interaction force between the two types of minerals and air bubbles determines the separation efficiency.In this paper,based on the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(DLVO)theory,the van der Waals,electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction between particles of the four minerals mentioned above and air bubbles in collectorless solution were calculated first,and then diaspore and kaolinite were taken as examples to analyze the influence of various factors such as electrolyte concentration,mineral particle size,air bubble size,collector type(dodecylamine hydrochloride(DAH)and sodium oleate(NaOL))and concentration,and pulp pH on the interactions between the particles of valuable mineral and gangue minerals and air bubbles.The results showed that the total extended DLVO interactions between the four minerals and air bubbles were repulsive in most cases in collectorless solution.The increase in electrolyte concentration reduced the interaction force or even changed the direction of the force under certain circumstances.The addition of DAH and NaOL can reduce the adhesion energy barrier of kaolinitebubble and diaspore-bubble respectively.Each type of minerals exhibited a specific interface interaction response with air bubbles in each collector with different pH values.The research results have theoretical guiding significance for the optimization and directional control of diasporic bauxite flotation conditions.

Benchmarking of JEFF-3.2, FENDL-3.0 and TENDL-2014 evaluated data for tungsten with 14.8 MeV neutrons

Integral experiments on tungsten slab samples were carried out on the D-T neutron source facility at China Institute of Atomic Energy. Leakage neutron spectra from the irradiated tungsten target were measured by the time-of-flight technique. Accuracy of the nuclear data for tungsten was examined by comparing the measured neutron spectra with the leakage neutron spectra simulated using the MCNP-4C code with evaluated nuclear data of the JEFF-3.2, FENDL-3.0 and TENDL-2014 libraries. The results show that the calculations with JEFF-3.2 agree well with the measurements in the whole energy range and all angles, whereas the spectra calculated with FENDL-3.0 and TENDL-2014 have some discrepancies with the experimental data.

植物适应性原:治疗病毒感染后疲劳有前途的治疗分子

近年来,通过全国性的预防和控制措施,有效控制了新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在中国的传播。然而,大量康复患者受到疲劳的困扰,无论是急性还是慢性的,以及其他严重影响生活质量的与疲劳相关的综合症。病毒感染后疲劳综合症(PVFS)是一种广泛存在的慢性神经系统疾病,缺乏明确的病因因素、确切的诊断检测方法或经批准的药物治疗、疗法或治愈方案。本研究通过文献计量学分析结果表明,神经炎症在PVFS的发展中发挥了作用。因此,本研究简要分析了COVID-19患者神经炎症发展的机制。为了寻找缓解PVFS的有效药物,我们总结了四种传统草药的适应症,并讨论了它们在改善神经疲劳方面的分子机制。研究表明,人参、刺五加、红景天和五味子在缓解PVFS方面具有益处。

Expression of BpPIN is associated with IAA levels and the formation of lobed leaves in Betula pendula ’Dalecartica’

Auxin polar transport genes PIN(PINFORMED)determine the concentration gradient of auxin in plants.To understand the relationship between the development of different tissues in Betula pendula‘Dalecartica’,BpPIN gene expression and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)content were analyzed using qRT-PCR,ELISA,and GUS staining.Gene expression of BpPIN genes and IAA levels in the leaves,buds,stems,xylem,and roots of B.pendula‘Dalecartica’and B.pendula as a control were measured.BpPIN1,BpPIN5 and BpPIN6 were upregulated during development in both species,suggesting a dominant role in the development of B.pendula‘Dalecartica’leaves.Moreover,BpPIN1 gene expression was positively associated with IAA levels during leaf,vein and petiole development in B.pendula‘Dalecartica’only.The correlation coefficient of the first three leaves was 0.69(P=0.04),while that of the first three petioles was 0.85(P=0.001).In addition,GUS staining of the pro-DR5::GUS transgenic line of cultivar was correlated with the results of BpPIN1 expression.Overall,these findings suggest that BpPIN1 is associated with the formation of lobed leaves in B.pendula‘Dalecartica’.

Micro RNA-9 promotes the neuronal differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by activating autophagy

MicroRNA-9 （miR-9） has been shown to promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesen-chymal stem cells into neuronal cells, but the precise mechanism is unclear. Our previous study conifrmed that increased autophagic activity improved the efifciency of neuronal differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Accumulating evidence reveals that miRNAs adjust the autophagic pathways. This study used miR-9-1 lentiviral vector and miR-9-1 inhibitor to modulate the expression level of miR-9. Autophagic activity and neuronal differentiation were measured by the number of light chain-3 （LC3）-positive dots, the ratio of LC3-II/LC3, and the expression levels of the neuronal markers enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2. Re-sults showed that LC3-positive dots, the ratio of LC3-II/LC3, and expression of neuron speciifc enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2 increased in the miR-9＋ group. The above results suggest that autophagic activity increased and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were prone to differentiate into neuronal cells when miR-9 was overexpressed, demonstrating that miR-9 can promote neuronal differentiation by increasing autophagic activity.

Micromagnetic simulations of reversal magnetization in cerium-containing magnets

Single-grain models with different cerium contents or structural parameters have been introduced to investigate the reversal magnetization behaviors in cerium-containing magnets. All the micromagnetic simulations are carried out via the object oriented micromagnetic framework(OOMMF). As for single(Nd,Ce)_2 Fe_(14)B type grain, the coercivity decreases monotonously with the increase of the cerium content. Four types of grain structure have been compared: single(Nd,Ce)_2 Fe_(14)B type, core((Nd,Ce)_2 Fe_(14)B)-shell(Nd_2 Fe_(14)B) type with 2 nm thick shell, core(Ce_2 Fe_(14)B)-shell(Nd_2 Fe_(14)B) type, and core(Nd_2 Fe_(14)B)-shell(Ce_2 Fe_(14)B) type. It is found that core((Nd,Ce)_2 Fe_(14)B)-shell(Nd_2 Fe_(14)B)type grain with 2 nm thick shell always presents the largest coercivity under the same total cerium content. Furthermore,the relationship between the coercivity and the shell thickness t in core((Nd,Ce)_2 Fe_(14)B)-shell(Nd_2 Fe_(14)B) type grain has been studied. When the total cerium content is kept at 20.51 at.%, the analyzed results show that as t varies from 1 nm to 7 nm, the coercivity gradually ascends at the beginning, then quickly descends after reaching the maximum value when t = 5 nm. From the perspective of the positions of nucleation points, the reasons why t affects the coercivity are discussed in detail.

Pilot Study on the Oscillation and Migration of a Spherical Bubble Escaping from the Lateral Propulsion Hole

In an atrocious ocean environment,the lateral propulsion hole could potentially be partly out of water and capture an air cavity.Bubbles would form when the captured air cavity escapes underwater and they may affect the performance of the sonar.The common commercial computational fluid dynamics software CFX was adopted to calculate the ambient flow field around the lateral propulsion hole generated by a moving vessel.The oscillation of the spherical bubble was based on the Rayleigh-Plesset equation and its migration was modeled using the momentum equation.The radiated noise of the oscillating bubble was also studied.The aim is that the results from this paper would provide some insight into corresponding fluid and acoustic study.

Erianin inhibits oral cancer cell growth,migration,and invasion via the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 pathway

Objective:To evaluate the effect of erianin on the viability,migration,and invasion of KB cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell Counting Kit-8,colony formation,wound healing,and Transwell assays were used to determine the proliferation,migration,and invasion of oral cancer KB cells.Furthermore,malondialdehyde(MDA)and glutathione(GSH)levels were determined.Fluorescent probes were used to detect changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species and iron ions.Additionally,the expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins,NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1),heme oxygenase 1(HO-1),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were analyzed by Western blotting assays.Results:Erianin induced ferroptosis and inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of KB cells.Moreover,erianin decreased GSH level,increased MDA level,elevated intracellular ROS and Fe2+contents,and downregulated the expression of the ferroptosis-related proteins Nrf2,HO-1,GPX4,and FTH1 in KB cells.These effects of erianin were effectively reversed by a ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1.Conclusions:Erianin inhibits the proliferation,migration,and invasion of oral cancer cells and induces ferroptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway.Therefore,erianin may be a potential candidate for the treatment of oral cancer.