Blockade of CD300A enhances the ability of human NK cells to lyse hematologic malignancies

Objective: The human cluster of differentiation(CD)300A, a type-I transmembrane protein with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, was investigated as a potential immune checkpoint for human natural killer(NK) cells targeting hematologic malignancies(HMs).Methods: We implemented a stimulation system involving the CD300A ligand, phosphatidylserine(PS), exposed to the outer surface of malignant cells. Additionally, we utilized CD300A overexpression, a CD300A blocking system, and a xenotransplantation model to evaluate the impact of CD300A on NK cell efficacy against HMs in in vitro and in vivo settings. Furthermore, we explored the association between CD300A and HM progression in patients.Results: Our findings indicated that PS hampers the function of NK cells. Increased CD300A expression inhibited HM lysis by NK cells. CD300A overexpression shortened the survival of HM-xenografted mice by impairing transplanted NK cells. Blocking PS–CD300A signals with antibodies significantly amplified the expression of lysis function-related proteins and effector cytokines in NK cells, thereby augmenting the ability to lyse HMs. Clinically, heightened CD300A expression correlated with shorter survival and an “exhausted” phenotype of intratumoral NK cells in patients with HMs or solid tumors.Conclusions: These results propose CD300A as a potential target for invigorating NK cell-based treatments against HMs.

企业金融化、创新效率与新质生产力

新质生产力是我国经济实现高质量发展的重要驱动因素,而科技创新是发展新质生产力的核心要素。基于此,以我国A股上市公司为样本,选用新质生产力为研究对象,探讨企业金融化对新质生产力的影响。研究结果表明,企业金融化程度越深,越不利于新质生产力的发展;且过度金融化不利于企业全要素生产率的提升。异质性检验结果表明,中西部地区企业与传统企业的金融化程度越高,对新质生产力的抑制作用更明显。路径分析表明,过度金融化会挤占企业用于研发创新的资金,降低企业的创新效率,不利于新质生产力的发展。因此,政府有关部门应制定相关法规政策,合理规制资本市场资金流向,避免实业资金过度集中于虚拟经济,有效引导金融资本支持实体企业创新,促进新质生产力的形成与发展。

The activation of adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase inhibits the migration of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting Claudin-1 via epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Background:The role of Claudin-1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)metastasis needs further clarification,particularly its impact on cell migration.Herein,our study aims to investigate the role of Claudin-1 in TSCC cell migration and its underlying mechanisms.Methods:36 TSCC tissue samples underwent immunohistochemical staining for Claudin-1.Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted to evaluate Claudin-1 expression and distribution in TSCC cells.Claudin-1 knockdown cell lines were established using short hairpin RNA transfection.Migration effects were assessed through wound healing assays.Furthermore,the expression of EMTassociated molecules was measured via western blotting.Results:Claudin-1 expression decreased as TSCC malignancy increased.Adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase(AMPK)activation led to increased Claudin-1 expression and membrane translocation,inhibiting TSCC cell migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT).Conversely,Claudin-1 knockdown reversed these inhibitory effects on migration and EMT caused by AMPK activation.Conclusions:Our results indicated that AMPK activation suppresses TSCC cell migration by targeting Claudin-1 and EMT pathways.

CSST Dense Star Field Preparation:A Framework for Astrometry and Photometry for Dense Star Field Images Obtained by the China Space Station Telescope(CSST)

The China Space Station Telescope(CSST)is a telescope with 2 m diameter,obtaining images with high quality through wide-field observations.In its first observation cycle,to capture time-domain observation data,the CSST is proposed to observe the Galactic halo across different epochs.These data have significant potential for the study of properties of stars and exoplanets.However,the density of stars in the Galactic center is high,and it is a well-known challenge to perform astrometry and photometry in such a dense star field.This paper presents a deep learning-based framework designed to process dense star field images obtained by the CSST,which includes photometry,astrometry,and classifications of targets according to their light curve periods.With simulated CSST observation data,we demonstrate that this deep learning framework achieves photometry accuracy of 2%and astrometry accuracy of 0.03 pixel for stars with moderate brightness mag=24(i band),surpassing results obtained by traditional methods.Additionally,the deep learning based light curve classification algorithm could pick up celestial targets whose magnitude variations are 1.7 times larger than magnitude variations brought by Poisson photon noise.We anticipate that our framework could be effectively used to process dense star field images obtained by the CSST.

人参皂苷Rh2对免疫低下小鼠的免疫调节作用

目的研究人参皂苷Rh2的免疫调控功能。方法 6周龄C57BL/6J雄性小鼠采用X射线一次性全身照射建立放疗模型,腹腔注射甲氨蝶呤建立免疫低下模型。两种模型均分为空白对照组(n=10)、模型对照组(n=15)、胸腺五肽组(n=15)、人参皂苷Rh2组(n=15)。空白对照组和模型对照组按每只0.2 mL灌胃0.9%氯化钠溶液,胸腺五肽组按0.1 mg·kg^(-1)腹腔注射胸腺五肽,人参皂苷Rh2组按10 mg·kg^(-1)灌胃,每天1次。放疗模型于第3,5,7天取材,甲氨蝶呤致免疫低下模型第15天取材。采用流式细胞术检测脾脏和胸腺中免疫细胞的百分率,酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测血清中细胞因子的含量。结果人参皂苷Rh2可缓解小鼠放疗和甲氨蝶呤导致的体质量下降。与模型对照组比较,Rh2能增加脾脏、胸腺淋巴细胞中CD_4^+T细胞和CD_8^+T细胞的数量(P<0.05或P<0.01),增加脾脏中自然杀伤细胞(NK)的数量,提高T细胞受体(TCR)的表达(P<0.05或P<0.01),减少脾脏中髓来源的抑制性细胞(MDSC)的数量(P<0.05或P<0.01),提高树突状细胞(DCs)表面共刺激分子MHCII的表达(P<0.05),降低DCs表面负性调控分子:程序性死亡分子1配体(PD-L1)的表达(P<0.05),促进血清中Th1型细胞因子白细胞介素2(IL-2)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的分泌(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论人参皂苷Rh2能缓解小鼠放疗以及免疫抑制剂所致的免疫低下状态,该作用与促进天然免疫细胞分化成熟以及免疫效应细胞的增殖,提高Th1型细胞因子的分泌水平,增强免疫功能有关。

从土地整治到国土综合整治:目标、框架与模式

当前中国正处于生态文明建设的重点时期,对土地整治提出新要求,上升到国土综合整治阶段,亟须厘清国土综合整治的内涵、目标、运行机制、理论框架与实践路径。本文系统地回顾了土地整治到国土综合整治的发展历程,在分析土地整治的成效与现状的基础上,引出国土综合整治的必要性,基于DPSI(驱动力—压力—状态—影响)模型揭示了从土地整治到国土综合整治发展背后的运行机制。基于'创新、协调、绿色、可持续'理念,提出了国土综合整治理论框架与实践路径,国土综合整治需由政府主导、市场推动、社会公众参与这三方动力共同衔接,部门协调,整合资金,以消除国土资源及其统筹利用中的障碍性因素,针对城市化地区、农村地区、重点生态功能区、矿产资源开发集中区、海岸带与海岛区域进行整治,以达到国土资源利用优化布局、生态友好可持续的目标。

Protective effect of glutamine on intestinal injury and bacterial community in rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia environment

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of glutamine (Gln) on intestinal injury and the bacterial community in rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia environment.

Clinical findings and imaging features of 67 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis

Postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis is an important late effect of radiotherapy that affects prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.In the present study,we reviewed the clinical and imaging features of 67 patients with pathologically diagnosed postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis who were treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between June 2006 and January 2010.Their clinical manifestations,endoscopic findings,and imaging features were analyzed.Early nasopharyngeal necrosis was limited to a local site in the nasopharyngeal region,and the tissue defect was not obvious,whereas deep parapharyngeal ulcer or signs of osteoradionecrosis in the basilar region was observed in serious cases.Those with osteoradionecrosis and/or exposed carotid artery had a high mortality.In conclusion,Postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis has characteristic magnetic resonance imaging appearances,which associate well with clinical findings,but pathologic examination is essential to make the diagnosis.

Locoregional radiotherapy in patients with distant metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at diagnosis

Systemic chemotherapy is the basic palliative treatment for metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC); however, it is not known whether locoregional radiotherapy targeting the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes affects the survival of patients with metastatic NPC. Therefore, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the benefits of locoregional radiotherapy. A total of 408 patients with metastatic NPC were included in this study. The mortality risks of the patients undergoing supportive treatment and those undergoing chemotherapy were compared with that of patients undergoing locoregional radiotherapy delivered alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. The contributions of independent factors were assessed after adjustment for covariates with significant prognostic associations (P<0.05). Both locoregional radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy were identified as significant independent prognostic factors of overall survival(OS). The mortality risk was similar in the group undergoing locoregional radiotherapy alone and the group undergoing systemic chemotherapy alone [multi-adjusted hazard ratio(HR)=0.9, P=0.529]; this risk was 60% lower than that of the group undergoing supportive treatment(HR=0.4, P=0.004) and 130% higher than that of the group undergoing both systemic chemotherapy and locoregional radiotherapy(HR=2.3, P<0.001). In conclusion, locoregional radiotherapy, particularly when combined with systemic chemotherapy, is associated with improved survival of patients with metastatic NPC.

PR状态方程+基团贡献模型预测CO_(2)+HFC二元混合物的气液相平衡性质

由于良好的性能和环保性,CO_(2)+HFC二元混合物被认为是冷电联合循环系统中良好的替代工作流体。气液相平衡特性是计算混合物焓和熵的关键,这冷电联合循环系统的热力学分析至关重要。为了准确预测CO_(2)和HFC(R23,R32,R41,R125,R134a,R143a,R152a,R161,R227ea)二元混合物的气液平衡性质,本文建立了基于吉布斯自由能混合规则的群贡献模型(PR+MHV1+UNIFAC和PR+LCVM+UNIFAC)。通过CO_(2)和HFC制冷剂的气液相平衡实验获得了-CO_(2)、-烷烃、-CHF和-CHF3等基团之间的相互作用参数,这些基团参数对于预测其气液相平衡性质(压力和气相摩尔分数)至关重要。PR+LCVM+UNIFAC模型计算的AARDp值为5.53%,AADy1值为0.0132,PR+MHV1+UNIFAC模型的AARDp值和AADy1值分别为7.40%和0.0229。然而,对于CO_(2)+R32系统,PR+MHV+UNIFAC预测模型的预测精度较高,AARDp和AADy1的值分别为1.53%和0.0045。综上所述,对于CO_(2)+HFC二元混合物,PR+LCVM+UNIFAC预测模型预测精度较高,但对于CO_(2)+R32二元混合物,PR+MHV1+UNIFAC模型也具有独特的优势。根据基团贡献模型的预测结果,与之前系统使用的PR+MHV1+UNIFAC模型相比,PR+LCVM+UNIFAC模型的计算进度显著提高。

Randomized study of sinusoidal chronomodulated versus flat intermittent induction chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil followed by traditional radiotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus radiotherapy is the most common treatment regimen for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Whether chronomodulated infusion of chemotherapy can reduce its toxicity is unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the toxic and therapeutic effects of sinusoidal chronomodulated infusion versus flat intermittent infusion of cisplatin(DDP)and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)followed by radiotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced NPC.Patients with biopsy-diagnosed untreated stages III and IV NPC(according to the 2002 UICC staging system)were randomized to undergo2 cycles of sinusoidal chronomodulated infusion(Arm A)or flat intermittent constant rate infusion(Arm B)of DDP and 5-FU followed by radical radiotherapy.Using a"MELODIE"multi-channel programmed pump,the patients were given 12-hour continuous infusions of DDP(20 mg/m2)and 5-FU(750 mg/m2)for 5days,repeated every 3 weeks for 2 cycles.DDP was administered from 10:00 am to 10:00 pm,and 5-FU was administered from 10:00 pm to 10:00 am each day.Chronomodulated infusion was performed in Arm A,with the peak deliveries of 5-FU at 4:00 am and DDP at 4:00 pm.The patients in Arm B underwent a constant rate of infusion.Radiotherapy was initiated in the fifth week,and both arms were treated with the same radiotherapy techniques and dose fractions.Between June 2004 and June 2006,125 patients were registered,and 124 were eligible for analysis of response and toxicity.The major toxicity observed during neoadjuvant chemotherapy was neutropenia.The incidence of acute toxicity was similar in both arms.During radiotherapy,the incidence of stomatitis was significantly lower in Arm A than in Arm B(38.1%vs.59.0%,P=0.020).No significant differences were observed for other toxicities.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 88.9%,82.4%,and 74.8%for Arm A and 91.8%,90.2%,and 82.1%for Arm B.The 1-,3-,and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 91.7%,88.1%,and 85.2%for Arm A and 100%,94.5%,and 86.9%for Arm B.The 1-,3-,and 5-year distant metastasis-free survival rates were 82.5%,79.1%,and 79.1%for Arm A and 90.2%,85.2%,and 81.7%for Arm B.Chronochemotherapy significantly reduced stomatitis but was not superior to standard chemotherapy in terms of hematologic toxicities and therapeutic response.

国际生态修复理念与方法对我国新时期国土综合整治的启示

随着社会经济的发展和城镇化进程的加速,生态环境日益恶化,人类逐渐认识到不断出现的环境问题带来的严重后果,生态修复作为改善生态环境、保障人类福祉的重要手段,其科学研究和实践探索迅速发展。针对当前我国国土综合整治和生态修复的理念和方法侧重于非生物环境和小范围特定环境的局限,在明确国际生态修复基本概念和内涵的基础上,基于CiteSpace对1988—2020年Web of Science期刊引文数据库中的4220篇生态修复文献,分析发文数量、关键词、前沿热点等,梳理和总结国际生态修复理念演变、不同目标和尺度下的修复方法与措施,提出我国新时期国土综合整治理念应建立可持续发展的社会—生态耦合系统,整治方法应加强生物多样性和生态系统保护、关注景观修复,整治管理应建立社会参与、绩效监督、多元化投入机制,以及整治实施应因地制宜,循序渐进。

CGE model-based analysis of the neutralized hybrid carbon policy and its decomposed effects on economic growth,carbon reduction,and energy utilization costs

The hybrid policy is a flexible policy tool that combines features of carbon trading and carbon taxation.Its economic and environmental effects under China's background are still not studied in detail.Given the exogenous carbon reduction targets,carbon prices,and carbon tax-rates,by computable general equilibrium modeling methods and factor decomposition methods,this article investigates direct and cascaded effects of the hybrid policy on economic growth,energy utilization,and carbon emission on the national level and the sector level,with China's national input-output data-set.Stepwisely,policy scenarios with irrational estimated results are selectively excluded based on comprehensive evaluation among economic,carbon reduction and other policy targets.As a result,against national economic conditions in 2007,the hybrid policy,with a carbon reduction target of -10%,a carbon tax-rate of around $10,and a ceiling carbon price of $40,is highly recommended,because of its significant lower economic loss,lower energy utilization cost,and practical robustness against fluctuation of energy market and carbon market.Furthermore,by decomposition analysis,carbon reduction-related costs are decomposed into a direct part that includes carbon allowance price and carbon tax,and an indirect part as the energy price incremental induced by direct carbon costs.Gross carbon reduction may be decomposed into three parts such as energy intensity,economic scale,and technical progress.And,carbon taxation is the main policy tool that stimulates to improve the energy efficiency.

Treatment results and prognostic factors of patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Postoperative radiotherapy (PRT) is widely advocated for patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck that are considered to be at high risk of recurrence after surgical resection. The aims of this study were to evaluate the treatment outcomes of PRT for patients with laryngeal carcinoma and to identify the value of several prognostic factors. We reviewed the records of 256 patients treated for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma between January 1993 and December 2005. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was employed to identify significant prognostic factors for DFS and OS. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to identify covariates significantly associated with the aforementioned endpoints. Our results showed the 3-, 5-, and 10-year DFS for all patients were 69.9%, 59.5%, and 34.9%, respectively. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS rates were 80.8%, 68.6%, and 38.8%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors for both DFS and OS on univariate analysis were grade, primary site, T stage, N stage, overall stage, lymph node metastasis, overall treatment times of radiation, the interval between surgery and radiotherapy, and radiotherapy equipment. Favorable prognostic factors for both DFS and OS on multivariate analysis were lower overall stage, no cervical lymph node metastasis, and using 60Co as radiotherapy equipment. In conclusion, our data suggest that lower overall stage, no cervical lymph node metastasis, and using 60Co as radiotherapy equipment are favorable prognostic factors for DFS and OS and that reducing the overall treatment times of radiation to 6 weeks or less and the interval between surgery and radiotherapy to less than 3 weeks are simple measures to remarkably improve treatment outcome.

Tumor immunotherapy: New aspects of natural killer cells

A group of impressive immunotherapies for cancer treatment, including immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies,gene therapy and immune cell adoptive cellular immunotherapy, have been established, providing new weapons to fight cancer. Natural killer（NK） cells are a component of the first line of defense against tumors and virus infections. Studies have shown dysfunctional NK cells in patients with cancer. Thus, restoring NK cell antitumor functionality could be a promising therapeutic strategy. NK cells that are activated and expanded ex vivo can supplement malfunctional NK cells in tumor patients. Therapeutic antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor（CAR）, or bispecific proteins can all retarget NK cells precisely to tumor cells. Therapeutic antibody blockade of the immune checkpoints of NK cells has been suggested to overcome the immunosuppressive signals delivered to NK cells.Oncolytic virotherapy provokes antitumor activity of NK cells by triggering antiviral immune responses. Herein,we review the current immunotherapeutic approaches employed to restore NK cell antitumor functionality for the treatment of cancer.

The geological characteristics of the large-and medium-sized gas fields in the South China Sea

By the end of 2019,more than 220 gas fields had been discovered in the South China Sea.In order to accurately determine the geological characteristics of the large-and medium-sized gas fields in the South China Sea,this study conducted a comprehensive examination of the gas fields.Based on the abundant available geologic and geochemical data,the distribution and key controlling factors of the hydrocarbon accumulation in the South China Sea were analyzed.The geological and geochemical features of the gas fields were as follows:(1)the gas fields were distributed similar to beads in the shape of a"C"along the northern,western,and southern continental margins;(2)the natural gas in the region was determined to be composed of higher amounts of alkane gas and less CO2;(3)the majority of the alkane gas was observed to be coal-type gas;(4)the gas reservoir types included structural reservoirs,lithologic reservoirs,and stratigraphic reservoirs,respectively;(5)the reservoir ages were mainly Oligocene,Miocene,and Pliocene,while the lithology was mainly organic reef,with some sandstone deposits;and(6)the main hydrocarbon accumulation period for the region was determined to be the late Pliocene-Quaternary Period.In addition,the main controlling factors of the gas reservoirs were confirmed to have been the development of coal measures,sufficient thermal evolution,and favorable migration and accumulation conditions.

Effect analysis of carbon trading on Economy-Energy-Environment system and calculation of reasonable carbon price intervals

This paper constructs a 4-lier computable general equilibrium model which includes such modules as modeling carbon emission constraints and carbon trading(CT),and incorporates the cost of carbon emissions into constant elasticity of substitute production function.Under scenario settings under different carbon abatement targets,based on 2007 national social accounting matrix and related statistical data about energy consumption and carbon emission,effects on economic outputs,energy consumption,and carbon abatement are estimated and analyzed at both macro and sector level.By calculating selected novel indicators that compromise between macroeconomic opportunity cost and achievable carbon abatement,reasonable carbon price intervals are given for enhancing the robustness and liquidity of carbon market.Further,by decomposition and share-weighted methods,expected carbon abatement and energy price are measured and analyzed in details.Some results are meaningful for fundamental design of the future carbon market.Given constant energy utilization and carbon abatement technologies at the macro level,the higher the carbon price the more actual carbon abatement;the more gross domestic product loss,the less energy consumption.Accwding to the overall situation estimated for 2007 in China,the advice given is to introduce a carbon abatement target rate(R_c)of-10%,which is helpful to make carbon market stable against unexpected carbon price shocks between[6.9,35]/tC with less economic loss.According to Kaya decomposition,after introduction of carbon pricing,carbon abatement is mainly contributed by the effects of energy intensity(EI)and technical progress.Further,CT may help reduce energy consumption and induce transformation to a low-carbon energy structure.At the sector level,the introduction of CT could induce economic recession in all sectors,especially energy.However,the overall economic structure remains unchanged to some extent.CT will help reduce energy consumption in all sectors,especially energy.Overall utilization costs of the energy composite can be divided in two,market price and carbonrelated costs.Carbon-related costs mainly contribute to variation in the utilization cos of the energy composite;carbon pricing may help non-energy sectors achieve sufficient carbon abatement by pushing up energy utilization cost.However,despite achievable carbon abatement by the energy sector being relatively high,induced by carbon pricing,there is still significant potential for other incentive policies to stimulate further abatement,such as energy resources taxation and transportation fuel taxation,especially in the sectors of coal and transportation.Finally,some advice is proposed in regard to policy decisions and further research.

Analysis of tumor-infiltrating gamma delta T cells in rectal cancer

AIM: To investigate the regulatory effect of Vδ1 T cells and the antitumor activity of Vδ2 T cells in rectal cancer.METHODS: Peripheral blood, tumor tissues and para-carcinoma tissues from 20 rectal cancer patients were collected. Naïve CD4 T cells from the peripheral blood of rectal cancer patients were purified by negative selection using a Naive CD4+ T Cell Isolation Kit II (Miltenyi Biotec). Tumor tissues and para-carcinoma tissues were minced into small pieces and digested in a triple enzyme mixture containing collagenase type IV, hyaluronidase, and deoxyribonuclease for 2 h at room temperature. After digestion, the cells were washed twice in RPMI1640 and cultured in RPMI1640 containing 10% human serum supplemented with L-glutamine and 2-mercaptoethanol and 1000 U/mL of IL-2 for the generation of T cells. Vδ1 T cells and Vδ2 T cells from tumor tissues and para-carcinoma tissues were expanded by anti-TCR γδ antibodies. The inhibitory effects of Vδ1 T cells on naïve CD4 T cells were analyzed using the CFSE method. The cytotoxicity of Vδ2 T cells on rectal cancer lines was determined by the LDH method.RESULTS: The percentage of Vδ1 T cells in rectal tumor tissues from rectal cancer patients was significantly increased, and positively correlated with the T stage. The percentage of Vδ2 T cells in rectal tumor tissues from rectal cancer patients was significantly decreased, and negatively correlated with the T stage. After culture for 14 d with 1 μg/mL anti-TCR γδ antibodies, the percentage of Vδ1 T cells from para-carcinoma tissues was 21.45% ± 4.64%, and the percentage of Vδ2 T cells was 38.64% ± 8.05%. After culture for 14 d, the percentage of Vδ1 T cells from rectal cancer tissues was 67.45% ± 11.75% and the percentage of Vδ2 T cells was 8.94% ± 2.85%. Tumor-infiltrating Vδ1 T cells had strong inhibitory effects, and tumor-infiltrating Vδ2 T cells showed strong cytolytic activity. The inhibitory effects of Vδ1 T cells from para-carcinoma tissues and from rectal cancer tissue were not significantly different. In addition, the cytolytic activities of Vδ2 T cells from para-carcinoma tissues and from rectal cancer tissues were not significantly different.CONCLUSION: A percentage imbalance in Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cells in rectal cancer patients may contribute to the development of rectal cancer.

电子定域策略在实现平面四配位结构中的适用性:氮与碳的对比研究

本文通过对含有平面四配位氮团簇NLi_(3)E^(+)(E=N,P,As)和它们的平面四配位碳等电子体CLi_(3)E(E=N,P,As)进行详细地对比,研究了电子定域策略在设计含平面四配位氮团簇时的适应性.结果表明,NLi_(3)E^(+)团簇具有类似于CLi_(3)E的平面结构,且其平面性都是由一个定域的π键决定的.然而,与CLi_(3)E相比,NLi_(3)E^(+)明显具有更高的电子结构稳定性、热力学稳定性和动力学稳定性,这可以从更宽的HOMO-LUMO能隙(4.58~4.68 eV vs.2.10~2.74 eV)在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ水平下较低的能量和DFT水平下的分子动力学模拟中表现出的更好刚性得到验证.结果表明,电子定域策略可能更适合设计中心原子为较高电负性且更倾向于形成定域键的平面多配位分子.在这些团簇中,NLi_(3)E^(+)的稳定性最好,更适合进行气相合成及后续的质谱选择和光谱表征.

The influence of temperature,pressure,salinity and capillary force on the formation of methane hydrate

We present here a thermodynamic model for predicting multi-phase equilibrium of methane hydrate liquid and vapor phases under conditions of different temperature, pressure, salinity and pore sizes. The model is based on the 1959 van der Waals--Platteeuw model, angle-dependent ab initio intermolecular potentials, the DMW-92 equation of state and Pitzer theory. Comparison with all available experimental data shows that this model can accurately predict the effects of temperature, pressure, salinity and capillary radius on the formation and dissociation of methane hydrate. Online calculations of the p-T conditions for the formation of methane hydrate at given salinities and pore sizes of sediments are available on： www.geochem-model.org/models.htm.