Properties of Ti-Based Hydrogen Storage Alloy

An efficient and safe hydrogen storage method is one of the important links for the large-scale development of hydrogen in the future. Because of its low price and simple design, Ti-based hydrogen storage alloys are considered to be suitable for practical applications. In this paper, we review the latest research on Ti-based hydrogen storage alloys. Firstly, the machine learning and density functional theory are introduced to provide theoretical guidance for the optimization of Ti-based hydrogen storage alloys. Then, in order to improve the hydrogen storage performance, we briefly introduce the research of AB type and AB2 type Ti-based alloys, focusing on doping elements and adaptive after treatment. Finally, suggestions for the future research and development of Ti-based hydrogen storage alloys are proposed. .

黄钾铁矾对硫脲浸金的影响及草酸盐的作用机理

研究生物氧化产生的黄钾铁矾对酸性硫脲浸金的影响,并探讨草酸添加剂的作用机制。结果表明,黄钾铁矾会增加硫脲的消耗和阻碍金的溶解。黄钾铁矾能显著提高硫脲的分解,阻碍金的溶解。黄钾铁矾造成不利影响的主要原因可能是酸性溶液中黄钾铁矾释放的铁离子使溶液浆电位增加,从而加速硫脲的分解,并加剧硫脲分解产生的钝化物种对金表面的钝化作用。添加草酸盐可以有效削弱黄钾铁矾的不利影响,表现为明显降低硫脲的消耗和促进金的溶解。通过溶液电位、Zeta电位和XPS分析,揭示草酸的可能作用机理。草酸盐不仅可以通过与Fe^(3+)配位减弱Fe^(3+)与硫脲之间的相互作用,还可以通过无差别吸附和静电斥力阻止钝化产物在金表面包裹。

A review of linear friction welding of Ni -based superalloys

Ni-based superalloys are one of the most important materials employed in high-temperature applications within the aerospace and nuclear energy industries and in gas turbines due to their excellent corrosion,radiation,fatigue resistance,and high-temperature strength.Linear friction welding(LFW)is a new joining technology with near-net-forming characteristics that can be used for the manu-facture and repair of a wide range of aerospace components.This paper reviews published works on LFW of Ni-based superalloys with the aim of understanding the characteristics of frictional heat generation and extrusion deformation,microstructures,mechanical proper-ties,flash morphology,residual stresses,creep,and fatigue of Ni-based superalloy weldments produced with LFW to enable future optim-um utilization of the LFW process.

具有超低镍负载的Ni-C_(3)N_(4)高效催化5-羟甲基糠醛氢解制2,5-二甲基呋喃

生物质平台化合物的选择性氢解对生产可持续化学品和燃料具有重要意义.2,5-二甲基呋喃(DMF)是一种重要的生物基化学品,其不仅可作为汽油添加剂,还可与乙烯发生Diels-Alder环加成脱水反应直接合成生物基对二甲苯.DMF主要通过5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)氢解制备.当以氢气为氢源时,常用的催化剂体系包括贵金属(如Ru,Pt,Pd)及多种非贵金属(如Ni,Cu,Co)复合催化剂体系.虽然上述催化剂表现出良好的催化性能,但是贵金属的高成本以及非贵金属复合催化剂的回收难等问题阻碍了其工业应用.因此,利用单一非贵金属催化剂实现高效HMF氢化制DMF具有重要意义.本文采用简单的配位-浸渍-热解法制备了超低Ni负载的非贵金属Ni-C_(3)N_(4)/HC催化剂,Ni负载量低至0.86 wt%.在190℃及1.5 MPa氢气条件下,经过4 h反应,HMF完全转化,DMF产率达到94.2%,DMF生产能力可达12.8 mmolDMF mmolNi-1 h^(-1),在已报道的Ni,Co和Cu基催化剂中处于较高水平.此外,Ni-C_(3)N_(4)/HC催化剂表现出良好的稳定性,在固定床反应器中连续反应120 h未见明显失活.透射电镜结果表明,Ni物种高度分散在活性炭载体上,其平均粒径约为2.6 nm.Ni纳米颗粒被约1.3 nm厚的C_(3)N_(4)壳层紧密包裹,有效稳定了Ni纳米颗粒并抑制了其在反应过程中团聚.X射线能谱分析显示,Ni和N元素呈现均匀分布,表明可能形成了Ni_(3)N物种.X射线光电子能谱和电子能量损失谱结果进一步证实了Ni_(3)N物种的存在.密度泛函理论计算结果表明,Ni_(3)N是氢解反应的本征活性组分,它表现出良好的C-O键活化性能.推测反应主要遵循HMF先转化为MF(5-甲基糠醛),再转化为MFA(5-甲基-2-呋喃甲醇),最终生成DMF的路线进行.鉴于Ni-C_(3)N_(4)/HC催化剂中的Ni_(3)N物种表现出了较好的C-O键活化性能,进一步考察了该催化剂对木质素衍生单体和木质素模型化合物的催化性能.实验结果表明,Ni-C_(3)N_(4)/HC催化剂在C-O键活化断裂加氢反应中表现出广泛的适用性.另外,H_(2)处理的活性炭载体也发挥了重要作用:(1)降低了活性炭的含氧量,提高载体热稳定性,并减弱了载体的酸性,从而有效避免了底物的HMF聚合;(2)有助于Ni物种的均匀分散,减少了NiO物种的生成,增加了Ni_(3)N活性物种的含量,从而提升了催化剂的性能.综上,本文制备了超低Ni负载的非贵金属Ni-C_(3)N_(4)/HC催化剂,其表现出高效的HMF氢解制DMF性能及良好的稳定性.同时,该催化剂对木质素衍生单体和木质素模型化合物也有广泛的适用性.本研究为开发用于生物质加氢和氢解反应的单一非贵金属催化剂提供了新思路.

A real-time intelligent lithology identification method based on a dynamic felling strategy weighted random forest algorithm

Real-time intelligent lithology identification while drilling is vital to realizing downhole closed-loop drilling. The complex and changeable geological environment in the drilling makes lithology identification face many challenges. This paper studies the problems of difficult feature information extraction,low precision of thin-layer identification and limited applicability of the model in intelligent lithologic identification. The author tries to improve the comprehensive performance of the lithology identification model from three aspects: data feature extraction, class balance, and model design. A new real-time intelligent lithology identification model of dynamic felling strategy weighted random forest algorithm(DFW-RF) is proposed. According to the feature selection results, gamma ray and 2 MHz phase resistivity are the logging while drilling(LWD) parameters that significantly influence lithology identification. The comprehensive performance of the DFW-RF lithology identification model has been verified in the application of 3 wells in different areas. By comparing the prediction results of five typical lithology identification algorithms, the DFW-RF model has a higher lithology identification accuracy rate and F1 score. This model improves the identification accuracy of thin-layer lithology and is effective and feasible in different geological environments. The DFW-RF model plays a truly efficient role in the realtime intelligent identification of lithologic information in closed-loop drilling and has greater applicability, which is worthy of being widely used in logging interpretation.

Acetic acid-and furfural-based adaptive evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for improving stress tolerance and lignocellulosic ethanol production

Acetic acid and furfural are known as prevalent inhibitors deriving from pretreatment during lignocellulosic ethanol production.They negatively impact cell growth,glucose uptake and ethanol biosynthesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.Development of industrial S.cerevisiae strains with high tolerance towards these inhibitors is thus critical for efficient lignocellulosic ethanol production.In this study,the acetic acid or furfural tolerance of different S.cerevisiae strains could be significantly enhanced after adaptive evolution via serial cultivation for 40 generations under stress conditions.The acetic acid-based adaptive strain SPSC01-TA9 produced 30.5 g·L^(-1)ethanol with a yield of 0.46 g·g^(-1)in the presence of 9 g·L^(-1)acetic acid,while the acetic acid/furfural-based adaptive strain SPSC01-TAF94 produced more ethanol of 36.2 g·L^(-1)with increased yield up to 0.49 g·g^(-1)in the presence of both 9 g·L^(-1)acetic acid and 4 g·L^(-1)furfural.Significant improvements were also observed during non-detoxified corn stover hydrolysate culture by SPSC01-TAF94,which achieved ethanol production and yield of 29.1 g·L^(-1)and 0.49 g·g^(-1),respectively,the growth and fermentation efficiency of acetic acid/furfural-based adaptive strain in hydrolysate was 95%higher than those of wildtype strains,indicating the acetic acid-and furfural-based adaptive evolution strategy could be an effective approach for improving lignocellulosic ethanol production.The adapted strains developed in this study with enhanced tolerance against acetic acid and furfural could be potentially contribute to economically feasible and sustainable lignocellulosic biorefinery.

Histological Risk Factors for Lymph Node Metastasis in pT1 Colorectal Cancer:Does Submucosal Invasion Depth Really Matter?

Objective After endoscopic resection of colorectal cancer with submucosal invasion(pT1 CRC),additional surgical treatment is recommended if deep submucosal invasion(DSI)is present.This study aimed to further elucidate the risk factors for lymph node metastasis(LNM)in patients with pT1 CRC,especially the effect of DSI on LNM.Methods Patients with pT1 CRC who underwent lymph node dissection were selected.The Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and LNM.The submucosal invasion depth(SID)was measured via 4 methods and analyzed with 3 cut-off values.Results Twenty-eight of the 239 patients presented with LNM(11.7%),and the independent risk factors for LNM included high histological grade(P=0.003),lymphovascular invasion(LVI)(P=0.004),intermediate to high budding(Bd 2/3)(P=0.008),and cancer gland rupture(CGR)(P=0.008).Moreover,the SID,width of submucosal invasion(WSI),and area of submucosal invasion(ASI)were not significantly different.When one,two,three or more risk factors were identified,the LNM rates were 1.1%(1/95),12.5%(7/56),and 48.8%(20/41),respectively.Conclusion Indicators such as the SID,WSI,and ASI are not risk factors for LNM and are subjective in their measurement,which renders them relatively inconvenient to apply in clinical practice.In contrast,histological grade,LVI,tumor budding and CGR are relatively straightforward to identify and have been demonstrated to be statistically significant.It would be prudent to focus on these histological factors rather than subjective measurements.

Surface-sensitive electronic structure of kagome superconductor CsV_(3)Sb_(5)

We systematically study the electronic structure of a kagome superconductor CsV_(3)Sb_(5)at different temperatures coveringboth its charge density wave state and normal state with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.We observe thatthe V-shaped band aroundГshows three different behaviors,referred to as a/a',βandγ,mainly at different temperatures.Detailed investigations confirm that these bands are all from the same bulk Sb-p_(z)origin,but they are quite sensitiveto the sample surface conditions mainly modulated by temperature.Thus,the intriguing temperature dependent electronicbehavior of the band nearГis affected by the sample surface condition,rather than intrinsic electronic behavior originatingfrom the phase transition.Our result systematically reveals the confusing electronic structure behavior of the energy bandsaroundГ,facilitating further exploration of the novel properties in this material.

Image Recognition Model of Fraudulent Websites Based on Image Leader Decision and Inception-V3 Transfer Learning

The fraudulent website image is a vital information carrier for telecom fraud.The efficient and precise recognition of fraudulent website images is critical to combating and dealing with fraudulent websites.Current research on image recognition of fraudulent websites is mainly carried out at the level of image feature extraction and similarity study,which have such disadvantages as difficulty in obtaining image data,insufficient image analysis,and single identification types.This study develops a model based on the entropy method for image leader decision and Inception-v3 transfer learning to address these disadvantages.The data processing part of the model uses a breadth search crawler to capture the image data.Then,the information in the images is evaluated with the entropy method,image weights are assigned,and the image leader is selected.In model training and prediction,the transfer learning of the Inception-v3 model is introduced into image recognition of fraudulent websites.Using selected image leaders to train the model,multiple types of fraudulent websites are identified with high accuracy.The experiment proves that this model has a superior accuracy in recognizing images on fraudulent websites compared to other current models.

Anal metastasis in esophageal cancer:A case report

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death and eighth most common cancer,affecting>450000 people worldwide.Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type,whereas esophageal adenoid cystic carcinoma(EACC)is rare.The liver is the most common distant metastatic site in esophageal cancer.Anal metastasis is rare and has not been reported in clinical practice before.Here,we report anal metastases in a patient with EACC after regular chemotherapy and surgical resection.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old esophageal cancer patient was found to have lung and brain metastases during standardized treatment.The patient’s treatment plan was continuously adjusted according to the latest treatment guidelines.However,the patient subsequently noticed rectal bleeding and itching,and after obtaining pathology results at the local hospital,anal metastasis of esophageal cancer was diagnosed.CONCLUSION Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed EACC with rare anal metastasis.More exploration of EACC diagnosis and treatment is needed.

Temperature field calculation of rail flash welding

The forging stage of rail flash welding has a decisive influence on joint strength,and the study of the temperature distribution in the process has an important role in further improving joint strength.In this paper,three calculation methods for the temperature field are given.First,the finite element model of the temperature field before forging rail flash welding is established by using the transient heat module of Ansys software and verified by infrared temperature measurement.Second,the temperature distribution of different parts of the rail before flash welding is obtained by using infrared thermal imaging equipment.Third,Matlab software is used to calculate the temperature of the non-measured part.Finally,the temperature distribution function along the rail axis is fitted through the temperature measurement data.The temperature distribution before the top forging of the rail flash welding can be used to analyze the joint and heat-affected zone organization and properties effectively and to guide the parameter setting and industrial production.

Exploration of the Integration of Curriculum Ideology and Politics into the Educational Pathway of Standardized Training for General Practice Residents

In recent years,the national higher education reform has proposed the concept of curriculum ideological and political education as a major element.This integration into the standardized training of general practice residents(commonly referred to as general resident training)is an unavoidable trend in the teaching field.Based on the actual situation of our unit at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,this paper emphasizes the necessity of incorporating ideological and political education into the general resident training curriculum,despite the absence of pertinent practical experience in how to effectively incorporate such courses into comprehensive residential training.In our hospital,we must assess the ideological and political education in the curriculum of general resident training,proposing a scientific,reasonable ideological and political education concept system for general practice courses,integrating ideological and political education with general practice resident training,and strengthening the team of ideological and political education physicians to teach them to carry out such education,this would foster enthusiasm and initiative.Strengthening admission education and training for general practice resident training,as well as regularly hosting symposiums to share ideas and understand the mission of doctors can provide effective experience for ideological and political education in general resident training courses.

Analysis of the Current Situation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions in Shaanxi Province

To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on the“Announcement on the Accreditation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions”issued by the National Medical Products Administration from 2005 to August 2022,the record management information system of drug and medical device clinical trial institutions,and the drug clinical trial registration and information publicity platform.A retrospective analysis was carried out in terms of institutional development,regional distribution,registered majors,principal investigators,and the number of drug clinical trials.After the implementation of institution registration,the number of drug clinical trial institutions in Shaanxi Province increased by 47.4%,884 principal investigators were registered,the number of registered majors expanded from 58 qualified to 117,and the professional scope increased by 50.4%.The policy of institution registration is conducive to promoting the rational use of medical resources and the development of drug clinical trial institutions and improving the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry in Shaanxi Province.

Design and Application of Modern Interior Design Style System Based on Unity3D

With the constant change of fashion trends,interior design styles are changing day by day.Based on Unity3D technology,this paper develops a system for modern interior-style design and application.Taking the residential interior as a case study,the interior style design is achieved through 3D modeling and texture rendering and then combined with the Unity3D engine to achieve scene roaming and interactive design.The system enables designers to express design concepts more intuitively and efficiently and also improves customer participation and satisfaction.Through the experience of designers and customers,the system is verified to have more practical value than traditional interior design solutions.

老年慢性心力衰竭患者血浆Sesn2、HGF与心功能的相关性及其预测价值

目的探讨血浆Sesn2、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)与老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者心功能的关系及其对CHF的预测价值。方法选取2016年4月—2019年5月于北京市第二医院收治的CHF患者150例,依据NYHA心功能分级标准分为Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ级组及Ⅳ级组;另选择同期该院健康体检者50例作为对照组。比较各组血浆HGF、Sesn2、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平、左心室质量指数(LVMI)和超声心动图指标,分析CHF患者血浆HGF、Sesn2与NT-proBNP、LVMI及超声心动图指标的相关性。结果Ⅳ级组血浆HGF、Sesn2、NT-proBNP及LVMI较Ⅲ级组高,LVEDD较Ⅲ级组厚,LVEF较Ⅲ级组低(P<0.05);Ⅲ级组血浆HGF、Sesn2、NT-proBNP水平及LVMI较Ⅱ级组高,LVEDD较Ⅱ级组厚,LVEF较Ⅱ级组低(P<0.05);Ⅱ级组血浆HGF、Sesn2、NT-proBNP水平及LVMI较对照组高,LVEDD较对照组厚,LVEF较对照组低(P<0.05)。CHF患者血浆HGF、Sesn2与NT-proBNP、LVEDD及LVMI呈正相关(P<0.05),与LVEF呈负相关(P<0.05)。Sesn2预测CHF的截断值为15.16 ng/ml,敏感性为85.6%(95%CI:0.746,0.913),特异性为70.9%(95%CI:0.681,0.806);HGF预测CHF的截断值为204.61 ng/ml,敏感性为54.9%(95%CI:0.433,0.672),特异性为68.8%(95%CI:0.534,0.771)。结论老年CHF患者血浆HGF、Sesn2水平异常升高,且与NT-proBNP、LVEDD及LVMI呈正相关,对老年CHF具有较好的预测价值。

A review on the failure and regulation of solid electrolyte interphase in lithium batteries

Solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)has been widely recognized as the most important and the least understood component in lithium batteries.Considering the intrinsic instability in both chemical and mechanical,the failure of SEI is inevitable and strongly associated with the performance decay of practical working batteries.In this Review,the failure mechanisms and the corresponding regulation strategies of SEI are focused.Firstly,the fundamental properties of SEI,including the formation principles,and the typical composition and structures are briefly introduced.Moreover,the common SEI failure modes involving thermal failure,chemical failure,and mechanical failure are classified and discussed,respectively.Beyond that,the regulation strategies of SEI with respect to different failure modes are further concluded.Finally,the future endeavor in further disclosing the mysteries of SEI is prospected.

A bifunctional ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer protective layer for dendrites-free lithium metal anodes

Lithium metal batteries are strongly considered as one of the most promising candidates for nextgeneration high-performance battery systems.However,the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites and the highly reactive lithium metal result in the severe safety risks and the short lifespan for highenergy-density rechargeable batteries.Here,we demonstrate a hydrophobic and ionically conductive ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)copolymer layer can not only endow lithium metal anodes with an air-stable and anti-water surface,but also efficiently suppress the lithium-dendrites growth during the electrochemical cycling process.Therefore,the introduction of the EVA copolymer as a bifunctional protection layer simultaneously improves the anti-water/air performance and electrochemical cycling stability of lithium metal anode.

Stable interfaces constructed by concentrated ether electrolytes to render robust lithium metal batteries

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)are highly considered as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems.However,routine electrolytes cannot tolerate the high potential at cathodes and low potential at anodes simultaneously,leading to severe interfacial reactions.Herein,a highly concentrated electrolyte(HCE)region trapped in porous carbon coating layer is adopted to form a stable and highly conductive solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on Li metal surface.The protected Li metal anode can potentially match the high-voltage cathode in ester electrolytes.Synergistically,this ingenious design promises high-voltage-resistant interfaces at cathodes and stable SEI with abundance of inorganic components at anodes simultaneously in high-voltage LMBs.The feasibility of this interface-regulation strategy is demonstrated in Li|LiFePO_(4) batteries,realizing a lifespan twice as long as the routine cells,with a huge capacity retention enhancement from 46.4%to 88.7%after 100 cycles.This contribution proof-ofconcepts the emerging principles on the formation and regulation of stable electrode/electrolyte interfaces in the cathode and anode simultaneously towards the next-generation high-energy-density batteries.

Solid electrolyte-electrode interface based on buffer therapy in solid-state lithium batteries

In the past few years,the all-solid lithium battery has attracted worldwide attentions,the ionic conductivity of some all-solid lithium-ion batteries has reached 10^(-3)-10^(-2) S/cm,indicating that the transport of lithium ions in solid electrolytes is no longer a major problem.However,some interface issues become research hotspots.Examples of these interfacial issues include the electrochemical decomposition reaction at the electrode-electrolyte interface;the low effective contact area between the solid electrolyte and the electrode etc.In order to solve the issues,researchers have pursued many different approaches.The addition of a buffer layer between the electrode and the solid electrolyte has been at the center of this endeavor.In this review paper,we provide a systematic summarization of the problems on the electrode-solid electrolyte interface and detailed reflection on the latest works of buffer-based therapies,and the review will end with a personal perspective on the improvement of buffer-based therapies.

Production of interleukin-1β related to mammalian target of rapamycin/Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway during Aspergillus fumigatus infection of the mouse cornea

AIM：To elucidate the effect of rapamycin on regulating the production of interleukin（IL）-1β in Aspergillus fumigatus（A.fumigatus）-induced keratitis and to verify whether the expression of IL-1β in A.fumigatus keratitis is associated with the mammalian target of rapamycin（mT OR）/Toll-like receptor 4（TLR4） signaling pathway.METHODS：Fungal keratitis mouse models of susceptible C57 BL/6 mice were established using A.fumigatus.The mice were subsequently treated with rapamycin.The protein levels of p-mT OR,TLR4,and IL-1β in normal and infected corneal tissue were measured by Western blot.The TLR4 and IL-1β m RNA levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.RESULTS：In C57 BL/6 mice,rapamycin treatment decreased the clinical scores and production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine,IL-1β.The expression of TLR4,stimulated by A.fumigatus,was reduced as well when the mT OR signaling pathway was suppressed by rapamycin.CONCLUSION：Rapamycin is beneficial for the outcome of fungal keratitis and has an inhibitory effect expression of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β.The inhibitory effect on IL-1β expression can be associated with the mT OR/TLR4 signaling pathway in A.fumigatus infection in mice.