A novel flexible nerve guidance conduit promotes nerve regeneration while providing excellent mechanical properties

Autografting is the gold standard for surgical repair of nerve defects>5 mm in length;however,autografting is associated with potential complications at the nerve donor site.As an alternative,nerve guidance conduits may be used.The ideal conduit should be flexible,resistant to kinks and lumen collapse,and provide physical cues to guide nerve regeneration.We designed a novel flexible conduit using electrospinning technology to create fibers on the innermost surface of the nerve guidance conduit and employed melt spinning to align them.Subsequently,we prepared disordered electrospun fibers outside the aligned fibers and helical melt-spun fibers on the outer wall of the electrospun fiber lumen.The presence of aligned fibers on the inner surface can promote the extension of nerve cells along the fibers.The helical melt-spun fibers on the outer surface can enhance resistance to kinking and compression and provide stability.Our novel conduit promoted nerve regeneration and functional recovery in a rat sciatic nerve defect model,suggesting that it has potential for clinical use in human nerve injuries.

The Opportunity and Challenge of the Development of Artificial Intelligence to Human Labor Liberation

With the development and application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,it has promoted the upgrading and development of the industry.However,AI also brings intangible impact to the actual survival of human beings.Stephen·Hawking,the renowned physicist,has repeatedly warned,making it all the more urgent to reflect on the negative effects of artificial intelligence.Therefore,the review of AI should consider from the perspective of historical development,scientifically explain its changes in the way of human labor and social life,as well as the great significance of such changes to the liberation of human labor.

Neurotoxicity of tetramethylammonium ion on larval and juvenile zebrafish:Effects on neurobehaviors and multiple biomarkers

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide(TMAH)is an important compound that utilized and released by the rapidly expanding semiconductor industry,which could hardly be removed by the conventional wastewater treatment techniques.As a cholinergic agonist,the tetramethylammonium ion(TMA^(+))has been reported to induce toxicity to muscular and respiratory systems of mammals and human,however the toxicity on aquatic biota remains poorly known.We investigated the neurotoxic effects of TMA^(+)exposure on zebrafish,based on neurobehavior tests and a series of biomarkers.Significant inhibitions on the swimming distance of zebrafish larvae were observed when the exposure level exceeded 50 mg/L,and significant alterations on swimming path angles(straight and deflective movements)occurred even at 10 mg/L.The tested neurobehavioral endpoints of zebrafish larvae were significantly positively correlated with reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA),significantly negatively related with the activities of antioxidant enzymes,but not significantly correlated with the level of acetylcholinesterase(AChE).Such relationship indicates that the observed neurotoxic effects on swimming behavior of zebrafish larvae is mainly driven by oxidative stress,rather than the alterations of neurotransmitter.At the highest exposure concentration(200 mg/L),TMA^(+)evoked more severe toxicity on zebrafish juveniles,showing significantly stronger elevation on the MDA activity,and greater inhibitions on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and ACh E,suggesting juveniles were more susceptible to TMA^(+)exposure than larval zebrafish.

Trends and multi-model prediction of hepatitis B incidence in Xiamen

Background:This study aims to analyze the trend of Hepatitis B incidence in Xiamen City from 2004 to 2022,and to select the best-performing model for predicting the number of Hepatitis B cases from 2023 to 2027.Methods:Data were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention(CISDCP).The Joinpoint Regression Model analyzed temporal trends,while the Age-Period-Cohort(APC)model assessed the effects of age,period,and cohort on hepatitis B incidence rates.We also compared the predictive performance of the Neural Network Autoregressive(NNAR)Model,Bayesian Structural Time Series(BSTS)Model,Prophet,Exponential Smoothing(ETS)Model,Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(SARIMA)Model,and Hybrid Model,selecting the model with the highest performance to forecast the number of hepatitis B cases for the next five years.Results:Hepatitis B incidence rates in Xiamen from 2004 to 2022 showed an overall declining trend,with rates higher in men than in women.Higher incidence rates were observed in adults,particularly in the 30-39 age group.Moreover,the period and cohort effects on incidence showed a declining trend.Furthermore,in the best-performing NNAR(10,1,6)[12]model,the number of new cases is predicted to be 4271 in 2023,increasing to 5314 by 2027.

Research progress on the design of electrolyte additives and their functions for zinc-ion batteries

In recent years,zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have been considered one of the most promising candidates for next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems due to their advantages of high safety,high specific capacity and high economic efficiency.As an indispensable component,the electrolyte has the function of connecting the cathode and the anode,and plays a key role in the performance of the battery.Different types of electrolytes have different effects on the performance of ZIBs,and the use of additives has further developed the research on modified electrolytes,thus effectively solving many serious problems faced by ZIBs.Therefore,to further explore the improvement of ZIBs by electrolyte engineering,it is necessary to summarize the current status of the design of various electrolyte additives,as well as their functions and mechanism in ZIBs.This paper analyzes the challenges faced by different electrolytes,reviews the different solutions of additives to solve battery problems in liquid electrolytes and solid electrolytes,and finally makes suggestions for the development of modified ZIB electrolytes.It is hoped that the review and strategies proposed in this paper will facilitate development of new electrolyte additives for ZIBs.

Facet-dependent catalytic activity of CeO_(2) toward methanol synthesis from methane

The relationship between CeO_(2) morphology(nano rods,NR;nano cubes,NC;nano octahedra,NO) and methanol synthesis from methane at low reaction temperature was studied by using density functional theory(DFT) and experiments.CeO_(2)(110) displays the lowest energy barriers among CeO_(2)(100),CeO_(2)(111) and CeO_(2)(110) surfaces due to the strongest hybridization between O 2p orbital of OH and Ce4f orbital.As a result,CeO_(2)-NR has the highest methanol yield(1.52 μmol/gcat) compared with CeO_(2)-NC(0.60 μmol/gcat)and CeO_(2)-NO(0.66 μmol/gcat) at 453 K and 101325 Pa.These results show that methanol synthesis from methane at low reaction temperature on CeO_(2)is a morphology sensitive reaction.

一种用高效凝胶渗透色谱测试褐藻胶分子量及分子量分布的方法

提出了一种用凝胶色谱与常规检测器检测褐藻胶分子量及其分布的方法。用高效凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)与示差检测器(RID)结合,建立了以普鲁兰标准品为对照的相对重均分子量、相对数均分子量与GPC–MALLS(多角度激光散射)测试的褐藻胶绝对重均分子量、绝对数均分子量间的转换关系,得到了用GPC–RID检测相对分子量计算褐藻胶绝对分子量和多分散系数的方法。结果表明,GPC–RID法经转换公式得到的重均分子量、数均分子量和多分散系数与GPC–MALLS法的相对误差在±12%以内。基于GPC–RID法可较准确地获得褐藻胶的绝对分子量及多分散系数,使用通用检测器可节约仪器投资,降低检测成本。

The S-Curve： China versus Its Major Trading Partners

China has been accused of manipulating its currency to gain international competitiveness and enjoy a trade surplus. The S-Curve is a hypothesis that could be used to test the depreciation. It claims that while future effectiveness of currency devaluation or values of the trade balance and current exchange rate are positively correlated, the past values of the trade balance and current exchange rate are negatively correlated. While China＇s aggregate trade flows with the rest of the world conforms to the S-Curve hypothesis, disaggregating trade flows by trading partner reveals that not all partners are affected equally by devaluation. Indeed, trade with 8 out of the 24 partners does not support the S-Curve hypothesis.