光场成像技术可以同时记录入射光线的空间分布信息和传播方向信息,结合相关反演算法,可以进行火焰三维温度场的重建。最小二乘QR分解算法(least squares via QR factorization,LSQR)可以有效求解基于大型稀疏矩阵的线性问题,但是在对火...光场成像技术可以同时记录入射光线的空间分布信息和传播方向信息,结合相关反演算法,可以进行火焰三维温度场的重建。最小二乘QR分解算法(least squares via QR factorization,LSQR)可以有效求解基于大型稀疏矩阵的线性问题,但是在对火焰辐射强度求解的过程中,难以保证求解的非负性和准确性。非负最小二乘算法(non-negative least squares,NNLS)可以保证求解的非负性,但是计算效率太低。本文提出将最小二乘残差方法(least square minimal residual,LSMR)用于火焰光场成像三维温度场重建,并研究其重建精度、计算效率、抗噪性能等指标。仿真实验表明,LSMR和NNLS算法可以在不同噪声水平下保证求解火焰辐射强度的非负性。在噪声为5%、10%、15%和20%的情况下,LSMR和NNLS算法对辐射强度的求解精度均比LSQR提高了10%以上,且LSMR算法的求解时间比LSQR和NNLS分别降低了一个数量级和四个数量级。可见,LSMR算法可以在保证求解精度的情况下大幅提高运算效率。最后用LSMR算法对模拟光场火焰进行温度场重建,在不同噪声水平下,平均相对误差都保持在1.2%以内,验证了LSMR算法在重建时的准确性和可靠性。展开更多
Considering the multivariable and fractional-order characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),a fractional-order subspace identification method(FOSIM)is proposed in this paper to establish a fracti...Considering the multivariable and fractional-order characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),a fractional-order subspace identification method(FOSIM)is proposed in this paper to establish a fractionalorder state space(FOSS)model,which can be expressed as a multivariable configuration with two inputs,hydrogenflow rate and stack current,and two outputs,cell voltage and power.Based on this model,a novel constrained optimal control law named the Hildreth model predictive control(H-MPC)strategy is created,which employs a Hildreth quadratic programming algorithm to adjust the output power of fuel cells through adaptively regulating hydrogen flow and stack current.dSPACE semi-physical simulation results demonstrate that,compared with proportional-integral-derivative and quadratic programming MPC(QP-MPC),the proposed H-MPC exhibits better tracking ability and strong robustness against variations of PEMFC power.展开更多
文摘光场成像技术可以同时记录入射光线的空间分布信息和传播方向信息,结合相关反演算法,可以进行火焰三维温度场的重建。最小二乘QR分解算法(least squares via QR factorization,LSQR)可以有效求解基于大型稀疏矩阵的线性问题,但是在对火焰辐射强度求解的过程中,难以保证求解的非负性和准确性。非负最小二乘算法(non-negative least squares,NNLS)可以保证求解的非负性,但是计算效率太低。本文提出将最小二乘残差方法(least square minimal residual,LSMR)用于火焰光场成像三维温度场重建,并研究其重建精度、计算效率、抗噪性能等指标。仿真实验表明,LSMR和NNLS算法可以在不同噪声水平下保证求解火焰辐射强度的非负性。在噪声为5%、10%、15%和20%的情况下,LSMR和NNLS算法对辐射强度的求解精度均比LSQR提高了10%以上,且LSMR算法的求解时间比LSQR和NNLS分别降低了一个数量级和四个数量级。可见,LSMR算法可以在保证求解精度的情况下大幅提高运算效率。最后用LSMR算法对模拟光场火焰进行温度场重建,在不同噪声水平下,平均相对误差都保持在1.2%以内,验证了LSMR算法在重建时的准确性和可靠性。
基金This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China grant No.61374153 and grant No.52377209in part by“Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province”(grant No.SJCX23_0132).
文摘Considering the multivariable and fractional-order characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs),a fractional-order subspace identification method(FOSIM)is proposed in this paper to establish a fractionalorder state space(FOSS)model,which can be expressed as a multivariable configuration with two inputs,hydrogenflow rate and stack current,and two outputs,cell voltage and power.Based on this model,a novel constrained optimal control law named the Hildreth model predictive control(H-MPC)strategy is created,which employs a Hildreth quadratic programming algorithm to adjust the output power of fuel cells through adaptively regulating hydrogen flow and stack current.dSPACE semi-physical simulation results demonstrate that,compared with proportional-integral-derivative and quadratic programming MPC(QP-MPC),the proposed H-MPC exhibits better tracking ability and strong robustness against variations of PEMFC power.
