Open space of metropolitan suburbs in mountain region, has been increasingly becoming the coupling mosaic structure of industrial actions and landscape behaviors. However, the local governments, when making land use p...Open space of metropolitan suburbs in mountain region, has been increasingly becoming the coupling mosaic structure of industrial actions and landscape behaviors. However, the local governments, when making land use planning, often aim at economic development, and rarely refer to the coordination of compatibilities and conflicts between industrial actions and landscape behaviors in the mosaic structure. In this study land use in the Jinyun Mountain and its surrounding area, Chongqing is adjusted by gray multi-objective programming approach and local-level decision-making process to cope with conflicts between objectives for human welfare and objectives for landscape conservation. The results indicate that: 1) the compatibilities and conflicts among different behavior characters and different landscape types result in the compatibilities of landscape to human behavior; 2) a land use planning in the study area is produced based on the sustainable land use and social-eco development, which pays more attention to the resources and environment constraints and economic objectives, and follows the distribution law of rare resources; 3) in the study area, cultivated land of 1,207.27 ha can meet the demands for food and byproducts by the residents there, orchard land and forestland of 632.55 ha, 2,276.61 ha, respectively can provide enough spaee for the local people to improve their living structure and meet their demands for reereational activities, and urban residential land, rural residential land, mining land and transportation land of 1107.60 ha, 120.27 ha, 162.48 ha, 100.91 ha, respeetively can satisfy the resident's eeonomie development and infrastructures; 4) the equilibrium among industrial actions, landscape accessibility and ecological conservation can be obtained by analyzing the possible impaets of human activities on landscape eeologieal proeess in open spaee of metropolitan suburbs in mountain areas.展开更多
This paper reviews the research on land use change and its corresponding ecological responses. Patterns of land use changes in spatio-temporal level are produced by the interaction of biophysical and socio-economic pr...This paper reviews the research on land use change and its corresponding ecological responses. Patterns of land use changes in spatio-temporal level are produced by the interaction of biophysical and socio-economic processes. Nowadays, the studies derived from different socioeconomic conditions and scales show that at short-term scale, human activities, rather than natural forces, have become a major force in shaping the environment, while biophysical factors control the trends and processes of land use change under the macro environmental background. Providing a scientific understanding of the process of land use change, the impacts of different land use decisions, and the ways that decisions are affected by a changing environment and increasing ecological variability are the priority areas for research: (1) explanation of scale dependency of drivers of land use change; (2) quantification of driving factors of land use change; (3) incorporation of biophysical feedbacks in land use change models: and (4) underlying processes and mechanisms of ecological impacts of land use change.展开更多
【目的】将SWAT(soil and water assessment tool)模型运用于重庆三峡库区长江支流的流域径流过程研究,为流域水资源的合理调控提供理论依据。【方法】以位于重庆市西部的璧南河流域为研究对象,构建SWAT模型对该流域的径流过程进行模拟...【目的】将SWAT(soil and water assessment tool)模型运用于重庆三峡库区长江支流的流域径流过程研究,为流域水资源的合理调控提供理论依据。【方法】以位于重庆市西部的璧南河流域为研究对象,构建SWAT模型对该流域的径流过程进行模拟。【结果】(1)率定期与验证期流域月均径流量模拟值与实测值吻合度较好,率定期和验证期的Nash-Suttcliffe效率系数、确定性系数和相对误差接近一致,表明SWAT模型在璧南河流域具有很好的适用性。(2)2013—2021年璧南河流域年平均径流总量为1.79×10^(8)m^(3),多年平均径流深为346.04 mm。各子流域产流主要集中在汛期(6-10月),非汛期产流量不足;季节产流量分配不均匀,夏秋季节产流量高,春冬季节产流量低;流域产流量整体呈下降趋势。(3)流域径流深在空间上呈现东西两侧高、中间低的分布特征,多年径流深变化率呈现出高产流量区域的产流量变化率低、低产流量区域的产流量变化率高的空间分布规律;产流量高值区主要集中在吴滩、三合、广普、建龙等镇(街道),产流量低值区主要位于陈食、丁家、正兴、来凤、青杠等镇(街道),与流域地势两侧高中间低以及坡度、降水量两侧大中间小的空间分布特征相符。(4)在模拟未来气候变化情景中,璧南河流域降水量变化与径流量变化呈正相关关系,与气温变化呈负相关关系;与气温变化相比,流域径流量对降水量变化的敏感性更高,且降水量是影响未来璧南河流域径流变化的主要因素。【结论】SWAT模型可用于璧南河流域径流过程的模拟;可以考虑通过水土保持生态建设、水存储和调水基础设施建设、农田水利建设等措施提高流域水资源利用率,同时调整和优化流域土地利用结构,从而实现未来气候变化背景下璧南河流域水资源的科学管理。展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education(No.03111)Incubation Fund Project of Science and Technology Committee of Chongqing(No.017079)
文摘Open space of metropolitan suburbs in mountain region, has been increasingly becoming the coupling mosaic structure of industrial actions and landscape behaviors. However, the local governments, when making land use planning, often aim at economic development, and rarely refer to the coordination of compatibilities and conflicts between industrial actions and landscape behaviors in the mosaic structure. In this study land use in the Jinyun Mountain and its surrounding area, Chongqing is adjusted by gray multi-objective programming approach and local-level decision-making process to cope with conflicts between objectives for human welfare and objectives for landscape conservation. The results indicate that: 1) the compatibilities and conflicts among different behavior characters and different landscape types result in the compatibilities of landscape to human behavior; 2) a land use planning in the study area is produced based on the sustainable land use and social-eco development, which pays more attention to the resources and environment constraints and economic objectives, and follows the distribution law of rare resources; 3) in the study area, cultivated land of 1,207.27 ha can meet the demands for food and byproducts by the residents there, orchard land and forestland of 632.55 ha, 2,276.61 ha, respectively can provide enough spaee for the local people to improve their living structure and meet their demands for reereational activities, and urban residential land, rural residential land, mining land and transportation land of 1107.60 ha, 120.27 ha, 162.48 ha, 100.91 ha, respeetively can satisfy the resident's eeonomie development and infrastructures; 4) the equilibrium among industrial actions, landscape accessibility and ecological conservation can be obtained by analyzing the possible impaets of human activities on landscape eeologieal proeess in open spaee of metropolitan suburbs in mountain areas.
基金N ational N atural Science Foundation of China,N o.49771073K ey Projectof the Chinese A cadem y of Sciences,N o.K 2952-J1-203
文摘This paper reviews the research on land use change and its corresponding ecological responses. Patterns of land use changes in spatio-temporal level are produced by the interaction of biophysical and socio-economic processes. Nowadays, the studies derived from different socioeconomic conditions and scales show that at short-term scale, human activities, rather than natural forces, have become a major force in shaping the environment, while biophysical factors control the trends and processes of land use change under the macro environmental background. Providing a scientific understanding of the process of land use change, the impacts of different land use decisions, and the ways that decisions are affected by a changing environment and increasing ecological variability are the priority areas for research: (1) explanation of scale dependency of drivers of land use change; (2) quantification of driving factors of land use change; (3) incorporation of biophysical feedbacks in land use change models: and (4) underlying processes and mechanisms of ecological impacts of land use change.
文摘【目的】将SWAT(soil and water assessment tool)模型运用于重庆三峡库区长江支流的流域径流过程研究,为流域水资源的合理调控提供理论依据。【方法】以位于重庆市西部的璧南河流域为研究对象,构建SWAT模型对该流域的径流过程进行模拟。【结果】(1)率定期与验证期流域月均径流量模拟值与实测值吻合度较好,率定期和验证期的Nash-Suttcliffe效率系数、确定性系数和相对误差接近一致,表明SWAT模型在璧南河流域具有很好的适用性。(2)2013—2021年璧南河流域年平均径流总量为1.79×10^(8)m^(3),多年平均径流深为346.04 mm。各子流域产流主要集中在汛期(6-10月),非汛期产流量不足;季节产流量分配不均匀,夏秋季节产流量高,春冬季节产流量低;流域产流量整体呈下降趋势。(3)流域径流深在空间上呈现东西两侧高、中间低的分布特征,多年径流深变化率呈现出高产流量区域的产流量变化率低、低产流量区域的产流量变化率高的空间分布规律;产流量高值区主要集中在吴滩、三合、广普、建龙等镇(街道),产流量低值区主要位于陈食、丁家、正兴、来凤、青杠等镇(街道),与流域地势两侧高中间低以及坡度、降水量两侧大中间小的空间分布特征相符。(4)在模拟未来气候变化情景中,璧南河流域降水量变化与径流量变化呈正相关关系,与气温变化呈负相关关系;与气温变化相比,流域径流量对降水量变化的敏感性更高,且降水量是影响未来璧南河流域径流变化的主要因素。【结论】SWAT模型可用于璧南河流域径流过程的模拟;可以考虑通过水土保持生态建设、水存储和调水基础设施建设、农田水利建设等措施提高流域水资源利用率,同时调整和优化流域土地利用结构,从而实现未来气候变化背景下璧南河流域水资源的科学管理。