Because CASE (computer aided software engineering) environment is a kind of complex system software, its software architecture is very important. From the viewpoint of software architecture, this paper first presents ...Because CASE (computer aided software engineering) environment is a kind of complex system software, its software architecture is very important. From the viewpoint of software architecture, this paper first presents TBus architectural style, which is a kind of CASE environment architectural style based on ToolBus, then describes the architectural model and system's behavior in formal method, researches and analyzes the corresponding tool structural model. Last the paper implements a TBus architectural instance-LambdaBridge, which proves the validity of ToolBus and TBus architectural styles.展开更多
Background The oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein in theartery wall is currently believed to be central to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase(PON1), an enzyme located on high-density lipop...Background The oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein in theartery wall is currently believed to be central to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase(PON1), an enzyme located on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) , can prevent low-density lipoprotein(LDL) from oxidation at a certain extent. Recent studies show two other members of paraoxonase genefamily, PON2 and PON3, possess antioxidant properties similar to PON1. The aim of the present studywas to explore the role of PON gene cluster on coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese Han women.Methods Seven polymorphisms including PON1 -107C > T, -162G > A, -831G > A, R160G, Q192R, PON2S311C, and PON3 -133C > A were genotyped in 184 female patients with CHD and 239 female controls.The plasma PON1 activity toward phenylacetate was determined in 50 cases and 50 controls randomlyselected. Results The plasma PON1 activities were significantly lower in cases than in controls.Individual SNP analysis showed that cases had significantly higher frequencies of PON1 -107T, -831Gand PON2 311S alleles than controls. The genotype distributions of -107C >T were also significantlydifferent between two groups. The odds ratios for the development of CHD were 1. 66 for -107TCcarriers and 2. 0 for -107TT carriers, compared with -107CC carriers. Haplotype analyses showed thatthe distributions of haplotypes comprised of PON1 -107C > T and PON2 S311C were significantlydifferent between cases and controls, with cases having higher frequency of T-S haplotype (44.8% vs.36.3%, P =0.013). The T-S haplotype remained significantly associated with CHD after adjustingenvironmental risk factors (P = 0.0069). Conclusions This association study suggested that lowerplasma PON1 activity increased the risk of CHD in Chinese woman, which may be mediated by the higherfrequency of -107T allele in cases. Haplotype analyses indicated that there might be somesynergistic effects between the PON1 -107C > T and PON2 S311C polymorphisms.展开更多
文摘Because CASE (computer aided software engineering) environment is a kind of complex system software, its software architecture is very important. From the viewpoint of software architecture, this paper first presents TBus architectural style, which is a kind of CASE environment architectural style based on ToolBus, then describes the architectural model and system's behavior in formal method, researches and analyzes the corresponding tool structural model. Last the paper implements a TBus architectural instance-LambdaBridge, which proves the validity of ToolBus and TBus architectural styles.
文摘Background The oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein in theartery wall is currently believed to be central to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase(PON1), an enzyme located on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) , can prevent low-density lipoprotein(LDL) from oxidation at a certain extent. Recent studies show two other members of paraoxonase genefamily, PON2 and PON3, possess antioxidant properties similar to PON1. The aim of the present studywas to explore the role of PON gene cluster on coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese Han women.Methods Seven polymorphisms including PON1 -107C > T, -162G > A, -831G > A, R160G, Q192R, PON2S311C, and PON3 -133C > A were genotyped in 184 female patients with CHD and 239 female controls.The plasma PON1 activity toward phenylacetate was determined in 50 cases and 50 controls randomlyselected. Results The plasma PON1 activities were significantly lower in cases than in controls.Individual SNP analysis showed that cases had significantly higher frequencies of PON1 -107T, -831Gand PON2 311S alleles than controls. The genotype distributions of -107C >T were also significantlydifferent between two groups. The odds ratios for the development of CHD were 1. 66 for -107TCcarriers and 2. 0 for -107TT carriers, compared with -107CC carriers. Haplotype analyses showed thatthe distributions of haplotypes comprised of PON1 -107C > T and PON2 S311C were significantlydifferent between cases and controls, with cases having higher frequency of T-S haplotype (44.8% vs.36.3%, P =0.013). The T-S haplotype remained significantly associated with CHD after adjustingenvironmental risk factors (P = 0.0069). Conclusions This association study suggested that lowerplasma PON1 activity increased the risk of CHD in Chinese woman, which may be mediated by the higherfrequency of -107T allele in cases. Haplotype analyses indicated that there might be somesynergistic effects between the PON1 -107C > T and PON2 S311C polymorphisms.
