在全球变暖背景下,维持、提高和稳定土壤碳固存是助力“碳达峰、碳中和”(简称“双碳”)目标实现的重要手段。旨在为土壤碳固存的实践应用和全球气候变化的应对提供重要科学支持,以Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的2107篇土壤碳固...在全球变暖背景下,维持、提高和稳定土壤碳固存是助力“碳达峰、碳中和”(简称“双碳”)目标实现的重要手段。旨在为土壤碳固存的实践应用和全球气候变化的应对提供重要科学支持,以Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的2107篇土壤碳固存相关论文为数据源,通过文献计量工具VOSviewer和CiteSpace从合作网络、文献共被引、关键词等角度进行可视化计量分析。结果表明,2002年以来,土壤碳固存研究领域的发文数量不断增长,尤其是2016年以后相关文献快速增加。领域内高产国家主要集中于中国、美国和澳大利亚,中国总发文量第一,美国的国际影响力最大(中心度最高),并且中国与美国之间建立了密切的合作关系;研究机构发文数量以中国科学院最多,排名前10的机构中的5所(中国科学院、西北农林科技大学、中国农业科学院、中国农业大学、南京农业大学)均来自中国;目前形成了以LAL RATTAN、SMITH PETE、ZHAO Xin、TIAN Xiaohong和XU Minggang为核心的紧密学术团体。近年来,研究热点主要集中在“土壤微生物在土壤碳循环中的作用”“秸秆还田等农业实践对碳储存的影响”“有机碳转化效率”等。未来应加强不同管理措施对土壤碳固存的影响、土壤微生物与碳循环关系、改进土壤碳循环模型等方面的研究。展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.GC is determined by multiple(epi)genetic and environmental factors;can occur at distinct anatomic positions of the stomach;and displays high het...Gastric cancer(GC)is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.GC is determined by multiple(epi)genetic and environmental factors;can occur at distinct anatomic positions of the stomach;and displays high heterogeneity,with different cellular origins and diverse histological and molecular features.This heterogeneity has hindered efforts to fully understand the pathology of GC and develop efficient therapeutics.In the past decade,great progress has been made in the study of GC,particularly in molecular subtyping,investigation of the immune microenvironment,and defining the evolutionary path and dynamics.Preclinical mouse models,particularly immunocompetent models that mimic the cellular and molecular features of human GC,in combination with organoid culture and clinical studies,have provided powerful tools for elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying GC pathology and immune evasion,and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.Herein,we first briefly introduce current progress and challenges in GC study and subsequently summarize immunocompetent GC mouse models,emphasizing the potential application of genetically engineered mouse models in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy studies.展开更多
为全面深入了解草原碳汇相关研究在全球的现状和发展趋势,客观反映相关研究国家、机构、期刊、研究者的科研动向和影响力,采用Web of Science核心合集数据库中2010-2019年收录的有关草原碳汇研究的相关文献,基于CiteSpace软件进行可视...为全面深入了解草原碳汇相关研究在全球的现状和发展趋势,客观反映相关研究国家、机构、期刊、研究者的科研动向和影响力,采用Web of Science核心合集数据库中2010-2019年收录的有关草原碳汇研究的相关文献,基于CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析。结果表明:关于草原碳汇全球发文量,中国居榜首,美国和德国其次,国际合作方面,英国贡献最大,其他国家需加强合作和成果分享。发文量最多的机构为中国科学院,远超其他机构。《Global Change Biology》期刊在被引次数方面优势明显,在学术界有较大影响力。国外学者Butterbach-Bahl K发表相关文献数量最多,为领域作出较大贡献,其他作者之间合作强度还需加强。综合分析热点和前沿,提出了需加强对草原碳平衡的综合评估,丰富研究方法,扩大研究内容。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0803200 and 2023YFC2505903)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82003014,31930026,81972876,82150112,92168116,81725014,81822035,and 82222052)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M671231)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.22120240327)。
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.GC is determined by multiple(epi)genetic and environmental factors;can occur at distinct anatomic positions of the stomach;and displays high heterogeneity,with different cellular origins and diverse histological and molecular features.This heterogeneity has hindered efforts to fully understand the pathology of GC and develop efficient therapeutics.In the past decade,great progress has been made in the study of GC,particularly in molecular subtyping,investigation of the immune microenvironment,and defining the evolutionary path and dynamics.Preclinical mouse models,particularly immunocompetent models that mimic the cellular and molecular features of human GC,in combination with organoid culture and clinical studies,have provided powerful tools for elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying GC pathology and immune evasion,and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.Herein,we first briefly introduce current progress and challenges in GC study and subsequently summarize immunocompetent GC mouse models,emphasizing the potential application of genetically engineered mouse models in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy studies.
