Biocatalytic enhancement of laccase immobilized on ZnFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles and its application for degradation of textile dyes

Efficient and convenient treatment of industrial dyeing wastewater is of great significance to guarantee human and animal health.This work presented the enhanced catalytic activity at pH 3.0 of laccase immobilized on amino-functionalized ZnFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles(ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase)and its application for the degradation of textile dyes.Due to the existence of a large number of oxygen vacancies on the surface of the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles,negative ions accumulated on the magnetic carriers,which resulted in a harsh optimal pH value of the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase.Laccase activity assays revealed that the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase possessed superior pH and thermal stabilities,excellent reusability,and noticeable organic solvent tolerance.Meanwhile,the ZnFe_(2)O_(4) laccase presented efficient and sustainable degradation of high concentrations of textile dyes.The initial decoloration efficiencies of malachite green(MG),brilliant green(BG),azophloxine,crystal violet(CV),reactive blue 19(RB19),and procion red MX-5B were approximately 99.1%,95.0%,93.3%,87.4%,86.1%,and 85.3%,respectively.After 10 consecutive reuses,the degradation rates of the textile dyes still maintained about 98.2%,92.5%,83.2%,81.5%,79.8%and 65.9%,respectively.The excellent dye degradation properties indicate that the ZnFe_(2)O_(4)-laccase has a technical application in high concentrations of dyestuff treatment.

Study on the thermo-hydraulic behaviors of the new-pattern fuel assembly in lead-based fast reactors based on OpenFOAM

To improve the heat transfer efficiency of the coolant in lead-based fast reactors,this study optimized the configuration and rotational direction of the spacer wires in fuel assemblies to design a new-pattern fuel assembly.This study conducted detailed comparisons between traditional and new pattern fuel assembly rod bundles utilizing the open-source computational fluid dynamics platform,OpenFOAM.The results indicated that the new design may significantly reduce the pressure drop along the rod bundle,which is beneficial for lowering the pressure drop.Furthermore,this new design improved coolant mixing in the subchannels,which facilitated a more uniform temperature distribution and lower thermal gradients at the assembly outlet.These factors collectively reduced the thermal fatigue and creep in nearby internal components.Overall,the newpattern fuel assembly proposed in this study may have better heat transfer performance,thereby enhancing the Integrated Thermal-Hydraulic Factor by 48.2% compared to the traditional pattern.

Pulp health and calcific healing of a complicated crown–root fracture with additional root fracture in a maxillary incisor: A case report

BACKGROUND Complicated crown–root fracture (CRF) involves severe injury to the crown, root,and pulp, and may be accompanied by multiple root fractures. The loss of a toothhas lifelong consequences for children and teenagers, but the maintenance of pulphealth and the calcific healing of multiple root fractures are rarely reported in theliterature.CASE SUMMARY This case reports healing of a permanent tooth with complicated crown–root andadditional root fractures, in which pulp health was maintained. A 10-year-old girlfell and fractured the root of her maxillary left central incisor at the cervical level.After the coronal fragment was repositioned, the tooth was splinted until thetooth was no longer mobile, 2 years later. Eight years after treatment, the toothhas remained asymptomatic with vital pulp and localized gingival overgrowth.Cone-beam computed tomography revealed not only calcified healing of the CRFbut also spontaneous healing in an additional undiagnosed root fracture. Thefracture line on the enamel could not be healed by hard tissue and formed agroove in the cervical crown. It was speculated that the groove was related to thelocalized gingival overgrowth.CONCLUSION This case provides a clinical perspective of the treatment of a tooth with acomplicated CRF and an additional root fracture.

非酒精性脂肪肝动物模型和疾病表型的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是一种以肝细胞脂肪堆积为特征的疾病,随着患病率的不断增高,NAFLD已成为全人类的健康问题。在NAFLD数十年的研究历史中,动物模型在发病机制、病理生理、治疗和预防的研究设计中发挥了不可替代的作用。NAFLD的动物模型种类繁多,按照动物的品种品系、造模时间和方法、造模判定指标进行总结,根据不同动物和方法得到的模型进行评估,比较模型与人类NAFLD的相似度和优缺点。

列车荷载作用下CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道层间离缝水力特性研究

在雨水充沛或排水不畅地区,积水会造成无砟轨道层间离缝扩展显著加速。针对含层间离缝的CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道的水力特性问题,建立列车荷载与水耦合作用下的CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道-离缝积水双向瞬态流固耦合计算模型,揭示无砟轨道层间离缝内动水压力和水流速度的分布及其峰值的变化规律,并分析列车轴重、行车速度、离缝形态及积水深度对动水压力和水流速度的影响。研究结果表明:随着列车的趋近与远离,层间离缝内固定点处的动水压力与水流速度呈周期性的正负交替变化;动水压力沿着离缝出口方向逐渐减小,其峰值发生在离缝尖端处,而水流速度沿着离缝出口方向逐渐增大,其峰值发生在离缝出口处;动水压力与水流速度峰值随列车轴重增加而线性增大,轴重每增加1 t,动水压力和水流速度峰值分别增加2.850 kPa、0.085 m/s;动水压力峰值与车速呈二次方增大关系,而在车速小于300 km/h时水流速度峰值与车速基本上呈线性关系,超过该车速后流速增长趋势较之前更大;动水压力、水流速度峰值与离缝开口量呈反比关系;动水压力与水流速度峰值都随着离缝深度和离缝积水深度增加而显著增大,且两者都与离缝深度呈3次多项式增大关系,与离缝积水深度呈2次方增大关系。研究结果可为CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道在列车荷载与水耦合作用下的层间离缝扩展分析以及养护维修工作提供依据和参考。

重载铁路桥梁体外预应力筋加固性能研究

运营提载会导致重载铁路桥梁损伤累积和刚度退化加剧,对重载铁路预应力混凝土桥梁进行加固可以改善桥梁的受力状况,提高桥梁承载能力。为了研究重载铁路桥梁体外预应力筋加固的性能,分别制作重载铁路24 m超低高度预应力混凝土梁的未加固足尺试验模型与体外预应力筋加固足尺试验模型,并开展200万次疲劳试验与疲劳后静力试验。建立未加固预应力混凝土梁与体外预应力筋加固预应力混凝土梁的精细化有限元模型,通过试验与有限元分析,研究加固前后重载铁路预应力混凝土梁的静力与疲劳性能,揭示加固前后梁体挠度和应力变化规律,并分析不同轴重列车作用下加固预应力混凝土梁的力学性能。研究结果表明:重载铁路桥梁外加预应力筋的加固效果良好,疲劳试验中加固梁刚度退化幅度、跨中挠度、梁内预应力筋应力、梁底及下翼缘混凝土应力显著比未加固梁的小;在33 t轴重列车与1.2倍中等荷载(ZH)轴重作用下,外加预应力筋加固的24 m超低高度预应力混凝土梁的适应性良好,预应力混凝土梁挠度与应力响应均符合规范要求。研究结果可为重载铁路桥梁的设计、养护、维护与加固提供基础与参考。

“双碳”目标下旅游碳排放影响因素变化规律研究

以旅游碳排放为研究对象,以南京为起点,通过设计四种不同的旅游线路,重点分析交通方式、住宿形式、旅游活动内容等不同旅游环节对碳排放的影响变化规律。研究结果表明,与近郊游相比,省际游交通碳排放最高可达近郊游的18.9倍和73.5倍。在同样选择快捷酒店的情况下,省际游住宿碳排放量是近郊游的8.9倍和13.3倍。随着旅游距离的增加,交通方式碳排放占比逐渐增大。近郊游交通方式碳排放占比为25.4%,而省际游三亚交通碳排放占比高达53.4%,超过了旅游活动所产生的碳排放占比。1次近郊游产生的碳排放所需要的碳汇森林面积约168.8 m2,而省际游青岛和海南三亚所产生的碳排放需要的碳汇森林面积高达1423.77 m2和2948.74 m2,省际游所需碳汇森林面积是近郊游的8.43倍和17.47倍。研究结论对旅游政策的制定、节假日规划以及旅游线路规划具有很好的指导和借鉴作用。

基于建构主义理论的应激医学课程建设探索与实践

加强应激医学科学知识宣传教育,是新时代医学院校高素质人才培养的重要内容,也是全面提升全民健康科学素养的有力抓手。河北医科大学应激医学课程教研团队牢牢把握学科发展迅速、交叉性强的特点,以建构主义理论为指导,坚持“学生中心”“持续改进”的原则,持续强化课程育人功能,在课程设计理念、教学内容设置、思政育人元素挖掘、课程团队建设等方面进行了积极探索,在推动应激医学科学知识普及、引导医学研究生树立正确的应激医学观和大健康观、更好地运用大健康观念指导未来职业发展等方面取得了良好的实践效果,学生总体满意度高。本文就该课程建设具体实践进行了梳理,对面临的问题与举措进行了探讨,以期为相关课程建设提供有益借鉴。

牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子联合盐酸金霉素眼膏对正颌外科术后口角黏膜压力性损伤愈合的效果

目的:研究外用牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子联合盐酸金霉素眼膏用于正颌外科术后口角黏膜压力性损伤愈合的临床效果。方法:选取温州医科大学附属口腔医院2018年6月—2023年9月行正颌外科术后发生口角黏膜压力性损伤的患者为研究对象,根据用药方式不同,将患者分为盐酸金霉素眼膏组(30例)、外用牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子组(30例)和外用牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子联合盐酸金霉素眼膏组(简称联合组)(30例)。比较3组患者的疼痛程度、张口度、愈合时间及满意度。结果:用药第5天,3组VAS评分均较用药前显著下降(P<0.05),张口度均较用药前明显增大(P<0.05)。用药第5天,3组VAS评分和张口度差异有统计学意义(H=13.921,P=0.001;F=8.569,P<0.001),其中与金霉素眼膏和外用牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子组相比,联合组的VAS评分最低、张口度最大(P<0.05)。3组用药前后VAS评分和张口度的差值差异有统计学意义(H=18.292,P<0.001;F=6.720,P=0.002),且联合组的差值均为最大。3组愈合时间和满意度差异均有统计学意义(F=9.510,P<0.001;χ^(2)=8.940,P=0.011),其中联合组的愈合时间最短、满意度最高(P<0.05)。结论:外用牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子联合盐酸金霉素眼膏可促进正颌外科术后口角黏膜压力性损伤的愈合,减轻术后疼痛,增大张口度,缩短愈合时间,从而提高患者的满意度。

考虑中间主应力影响的非饱和黄土边坡抗滑桩间距研究

理论研究和工程应用中土体破坏准则的合理选用对研究和设计结果影响较大,同时由于中间主应力效应的影响,导致平面应变试验和常规三轴试验的试验结果的差异也被广泛证实。基于土拱破坏理论,采用理论推导的方式将统一强度理论、统一滑移线场理论和土拱破坏理论应用于非饱和黄土边坡抗滑桩间距研究中,并根据试验数据确定了非饱和黄土中间主应力参数b,推导了基于土拱理论的非饱和黄土边坡抗滑桩间距表达式。通过工程实例研究了非饱和黄土边坡抗滑桩间距随中间主应力参数b和基质吸力的变化规律。研究结果表明,考虑中间主应力效应的影响可增大抗滑桩设计间距,从而降低工程造价。研究对优化非饱和黄土地区抗滑桩间距具有重要的参考价值。

胜利油田油藏描述技术回顾与发展方向

胜利油田为典型的陆相复式油气区,油藏类型多、含油层系多、断裂系统复杂,20世纪90年代初进入含水率为90%以上的特高含水开发阶段,如何针对不同类型油藏和开发阶段,精细刻画地下储层变化、精准认识剩余油,是实现高含水老油田提高采收率的基础。为此,从1996年始开展了针对老油田剩余油挖潜的精细油藏描述,通过精细储层构型表征、低序级断层精细描述、砂砾岩期次划分与连通性评价、薄互层滩坝砂储层预测、三维精细地质建模及剩余油精细描述等关键技术攻关,以及多轮次油藏描述技术迭代,形成了一套胜利特色的精细油藏描述技术,编制了精细油藏描述技术规范。截至2023年累计描述开发单元600余个,覆盖石油地质储量为43.6×108 t,建模数模技术在老区调整和新区方案编制中得到广泛应用,有效支撑了油田的规模建产与效益稳产。系统分析胜利油田油藏描述技术发展历程,总结不同类型油藏形成的特色技术,分析特高含水后期老油田精细油藏描述面临的5项挑战,阐述下一步油藏描述技术的5个发展方向,对推动陆相油田精细油藏描述技术具有指导和借鉴意义。

基于改进实数遗传算法的桑叶采摘机结构参数优化

针对遗传算法在求解桑叶采摘机结构优化问题时容易陷入局部最优和求解精度低等问题,提出一种改进实数遗传算法。首先是给出一种基于序的组合适应度函数的轮盘赌选择算子,该算子在轮盘赌的基础上,通过一个自适应变化的参数在两种适应度函数中选择一个,再去计算适应度值;然后设计一种基于方向的改进启发式交叉算子,该算子既保留两个父代个体中较优个体对子代个体的影响,又增加种群中最优个体对子代个体的影响,提高交叉产生有潜力子代的可能性。接着将改进算法应用于摇杆式桑叶采摘机的优化参数设计中,通过与其他算法作仿真对比试验验证算法的优越性,获得采摘机最优参数组合:行走结构速度为24 mm/s、拨动结构角速度为1.2 rad/s、采摘结构速度为440 mm/s,并由运行结果可知整机性能与优化前相比提高13%。最后用优化得到的参数组合进行实地试验,结果显示桑叶采摘机性能提升10.9%,误差较小为2.1%。可见,所提改进实数遗传算法是优化采摘机参数的一种有效算法。

价态与晶型对镍钴氢氧化物超级电容性能的影响

镍钴氢氧化物(羟基氧化物)的金属价态和晶型结构均具有多变性,研究金属价态和晶型结构对其超级电容性能的影响具有重要意义。通过调控强氧化剂过硫酸铵((NH_(4))_(2)S_(2)O_(8)),制备一系列不同价态(Ni^(2+),Ni^(3+),Co^(2+),Co^(3+))比例和晶型结构的镍钴氢氧化物活性材料。采用XRD,TEM,Raman,XPS等方法对材料价态、微观形貌和物相组成进行表征,明确其结构和价态性质。在1 A/g电流密度下,NiOOH-Co(OH)_(2)活性材料比容量高达260 C/g,远优于其他价态比例和晶型结构的3种电极材料性能。在2 A/g电流密度下充放电循环测试2000次后,比容量保持率为70.7%。经分析发现,NiOOH-Co(OH)2性能较优可归结于γ-NiOOH优良的导电性和α-Co(OH)_(2)较高的电容性能。

当代中国文献检索教育的发展过程与历史经验(1956—1984)

梳理与总结当代中国文献检索教育发展的历史过程兼具历史与现实意义。以文献检索课被全面推广的1984年为基准时间点,采用历史倒推的思路,通过对相关文献和历史文本的考镜源流,将1984年及之前的当代中国文献检索教育的发展过程划分为4个阶段,摸索阶段(1956—1965)、停滞阶段(1966—1970)、恢复阶段(1971—1976)和开拓阶段(1977—1984),并结合现实背景,总结每一阶段的特点及其整体发展规律。研究结果显示,当代中国文献检索教育是社会进入信息时代的必然产物,并且从图书馆史视阈看,有其自身的发展逻辑规律,其成就的取得是中国图情工作者不断努力回应时代、国家和社会发展需要的结果,也是先行探索者与专家组织统一协作的结果。最终基于研究结果,总结了可能有助于当下信息素养教育更好发展的3条历史经验。

B Class Floral Homeotic Genes are Involved in the Petal Identity and Flower Meristem Determinations in Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium,an ornamental crop with diverse forms of inflorescence,is a good model for studying flower development in Asteraceae.However,the genetic background is complex and the mechanisms of regulating flower development are still unclear.Here,we identified two natural mutant lines of chrysanthemum and named them M1 and M2 according to the severity of the phenotype.Both lines showed defects in petal identity,and the petals of the M1 line had a mild phenotype:partially loss of petal identity and conversion of petals into green,leaf-like organs.The M2 line had severe phenotypes:in addition to severe petal defects,secondary inflorescences were produced in the capitulum to replace the normal ray and disc florets,which indicated a transformation of a flower meristem into an inflorescence meristem.Transcriptome sequencing of WT and M2 inflorescences was performed and found altered expression of floral organ development A,B and E class genes,where B and E class genes were significantly down-regulated.qRT-PCR analysis in both M1 and M2 lines revealed that the expression of three chrysanthemum class B genes CmAP3.1,CmAP3.2 and CmPI,was negatively correlated with phenotypic severity.This suggests that class B genes in chrysanthemum not only have conserved functions in determining petal identity but also were involved in the determinacy of the flower meristem.This study provides insights into the functions of class B genes in flower development,and is informative for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of flower development in chrysanthemum.

Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Gene CmDWF4 Regulates Bud Outgrowth in Chrysanthemum morifolium

Brassinosteroids(BRs),a class of steroid phytohormones,play a critical role in plant growth and development.The DWF4 gene encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme(CYP90B1),which is considered a rate-limiting enzyme in BR biosynthesis.Here,we identified a homologous gene of DWF4 in chrysanthemum,CmDWF4.This gene was predicted to encode 491 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 56.2 kDa and an isoelectric point(pI)of 9.10.Overexpression of CmDWF4 in chrysanthemum was found to significantly increase growth rate,number,and length of lateral buds.Transcriptome analysis showed that multiple xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase(XTH)family encoding genes associated with cell wall modification were up-regulated in CmDWF4-overexpressing lines.qRT-PCR assay confirmed the up-regulation of CmXTH6,CmXTH23,and CmXTH28 in CmDWF4-overexpression line.Overall,this work establishes a mechanism by which BR biosynthetic gene CmDWF4 promotes lateral bud outgrowth in chrysanthemum,possibly through regulating cell elongation and expansion.

Anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of"Jinhua Xiangyuan"tea infusion in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

"Jinhua Xiangyuan"(JHXY)is a unique type of Chinese tea made from roasted oolong tea and subsequently fermented by Eurotium cristatum.In this study,we investigated the potential benefits of JHXY on obese rats induced by a high-sucrose high-fat diet.JHXY infusion was administered orally at 1.6 g/kg·bw(HI),0.8 g/kg·bw(MI),and 0.4 g/kg·bw(LI)per day for 10 weeks.Weight gain was significantly suppressed without affecting appetite.In the MI and HI groups,JHXY led to a significant reduction in triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),accompanied by an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels.A significant reduction in white adipose tissue(WAT)index and an increase in brown adipose tissue(BAT)index were observed.In MI group,the morphology of hepatocytes was restored.The abundance of Bifidobacterium was elevated,whereas the abundance of Desulfovibrio was significantly reduced.Correlation analysis revealed that the ratio of Ruminococcus to Bifidobacterium was positively correlated with HDL-C;the abundance of the Christensenellaceae_R-7_group was negatively correlated with TC and LDL-C,while positively correlated with HDL-C;the abundance of Lactobacillus was positively correlated with BAT/WAT ratio.In the MI group,the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway was predicted to be significantly weakened(p<0.05);in the HI group,the sulfur relay system pathway was attenuated,whereas the bacterial toxins pathway was augmented(p<0.05).Our research showed that JHXY has the potential to enhance metabolic health and maintain intestinal homeostasis.Optimal dosage should be a focal point in future research.

预拉伸对2A14铝合金显微组织、力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响

研究预拉伸变形量对峰值时效态2A14铝合金显微组织、力学性能和腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:由于预拉伸导致细小弥散的θ′相在基体中大量析出,合金的硬度和强度都明显提升;在峰值时效前引入预拉伸可以明显提高峰值时效硬度并加快到达峰值时效时间;当预拉伸变形量为7.5%时,θ′相的分布明显变得更不均匀,这导致极限抗拉强度的下降;随着预拉伸变形量增加,合金塑性、冲击韧性和剥落腐蚀抗力均逐渐下降,但晶间腐蚀抗力先提高后下降。

Matrix Metalloproteinase-2,Matrix Metalloproteinase-9,and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Levels in Escherichia coli-Infected Rats with Acute Pyelonephritis

Objective:To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2),matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),and transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF beta 1)in the kidney tissue of rats with pyelonephritis and their relationship with pyelonephritis by establishing a rat model of acute pyelonephritis.Methods:80 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 40 rats each.The rats of the control group were injected with and saline and those of the experimental group were injected with 10μg/mL Escherichia coli(E.coli)and saline(1:100);the solutions for both groups were administered every 3 days for 7 days.The expressions of MMP-2,MMP-9 and TGF beta 1 in the kidney tissues of rats in each group were observed.Results:The expression of MMP-9 and TGF beta 1in the kidney tissue of rat acute pyelonephritis model rats was significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01);the MMP-9 mRNA content in the kidney tissue of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the TGF beta 1 mRNA content in the renal tissue of the experimental group increased significantly compared to the(P<0.05);MMP-2,MMP-9 and TGF beta 1 began to express in the early stage of pyelonephritis until the complete formation of renal pelvic edema.The difference between groups was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:MMP-9 and TGF beta 1 are important factors regulating renal tubular epithelial cell injury and inflammatory response.

Correlation between Hypovitaminosis D Status and Hyperactivation of IL-6/STAT3 Signaling in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Objective:To analyze serum vitamin D levels in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)by flow cytometry and to investigate the relationship between hypovitaminosis D status and hyperactivation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling in ccRCC.Methods:Eighty patients diagnosed with ccRCC by our oncology department from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as study subjects,and the control subjects were selected from patients who were receiving health check-up from our hospital(matched according to case group:control group,1:2),with 160 healthy patients.All serum samples collected from the case-control subjects were allowed to stand for 1–2 hours,centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes,and stored in a-80°C refrigerator,from which they were removed and thawed to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D)and interleukin 6(IL-6)levels.Results:The blood calcium level of patients in the cancer group was significantly lower than that of patients in the non-cancer group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The IL-6 level of the cancer group was significantly higher than that of the non-cancer group.In high vitamin D state,the IL-6 level of the non-cancer group was higher than that of the cancer group,and the average concentration of IL-6 in both the cancer group and the non-cancer group was significantly higher in low vitamin D state compared with high vitamin D state(P<0.05);the correlation between hypovitaminosis D status and renal Ki-67 was found to be positive.Conclusion:The results showed that serum IL-6 levels were elevated in the cancer group and circulating serum 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with IL-6 levels.In addition,signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling in RCC tissues was activated in ccRCC patients and in those with low vitamin D status among the cancer group and was higher than that in those with high vitamin D status.These results suggest that hypovitaminosis D status in ccRCC patients is associated with activated IL-6/STAT3 signaling and the activation of tumor proliferation markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),cyclin D1,and Ki-67.