Alignment of Nanoscale Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Strands

Depositing single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) with controllable density, pattern and orientation on electrodes presents a challenge in today's research. Here, we report a novel solvent evaporation method to align SWNTs in patterns having nanoscale width and micronscale length. SWNTs suspension has been introduced dropwise onto photoresist resin microchannels; and the capillary force can stretch and align SWNTs into strands with nanoscale width in the microchannels. Then these narrow and long aligned SWNTs patterns were successfully transferred to a pair of gold electrodes with different gaps to fabricate carbon nanotube field-effect transistor(CNTFET). Moreover, the electrical performance of the CNTFET show that the SWNTs strands can bridge different gaps and fabricate good electrical performance CNTFET with ON/OFF ratio around 106. This result suggests a promising and simple strategy for assembling well-aligned SWNTs into CNTFET device with good electrical performance.

Peridynamic Modeling of Brittle Fracture in Mindlin-Reissner Shell Theory

In this work,wemodeled the brittle fracture of shell structure in the framework of Peridynamics Mindlin-Reissener shell theory,in which the shell is described by material points in themean-plane with its drilling rotation neglected in kinematic assumption.To improve the numerical accuracy,the stress-point method is utilized to eliminate the numerical instability induced by the zero-energy mode and rank-deficiency.The crack surface is represented explicitly by stress points,and a novel general crack criterion is proposed based on that.Instead of the critical stretch used in common peridynamic solid,it is convenient to describe thematerial failure by using the classic constitutive model in continuum mechanics.In this work,a concise crack simulation algorithm is also provided to describe the crack path and its development,in order to simulate the brittle fracture of the shell structure.Numerical examples are presented to validate and demonstrate our proposed model.Results reveal that our model has good accuracy and capability to represent crack propagation and branch spontaneously.

Electronic Detection of Escherichia coli O157︰H7 Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor

Field effect transistors (FET) based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) become the hot topic in fields of nano-electronic, clinical diagnostics, environmental testing etc. in recent years. In this paper, we reported a simple, scalable way to enrich semiconducting SWNTs by using HNO3/H2SO4. Then carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFET) biosensor was fabricated with the enrichment SWNTs for Escherichia coli O157︰H7 detection. The response of each CNTFET was monitored in real time before and after introduction of the Escherichia coli O157︰H7 at various concentrations. The results show that CNT-FET biosensors we fabricated are sensitive to change of concentration of solution and response time is really short.

益心补肾法对慢性心力衰竭大鼠心功能及血清去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平的影响

目的探讨益心补肾法对大鼠心肌梗死后慢性心力衰竭的血流动力学和血清去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张素Ⅱ以及醛固酮水平的影响,为益心补肾方的临床应用提供实验依据。方法结扎SD雄性大鼠左冠状动脉前降支制备心梗后心衰大鼠模型,其中空白组为不经任何处理的正常大鼠,假手术组为开胸而不作心脏血管手术处理的大鼠,其余经左冠状动脉前降支结扎术后3 d存活且状态良好的大鼠,随机分为模型组、阳性药组、益心补肾方组。阳性药组给予开搏通和倍他乐克灌胃,益心补肾组给予益心补肾方灌胃,连续给药分别在心衰早期和晚期检测大鼠血流动力学,以及去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮的变化情况,进行组间比较和统计学分析。结果与模型组、阳性药组对比,益心补肾方组能提高心衰大鼠早期和晚期收缩压、舒张压及左心室收缩压,降低心衰大鼠左室舒张末期压,降低去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张素Ⅱ以及醛固酮水平。结论益心补肾法可降低血清去甲肾上腺素、血管紧张素Ⅱ以及醛固酮水平,改善血流动力学,从而治疗心肌梗死后的慢性心力衰竭。

Preparation and Property Analysis of Melamine Formaldehyde Foam

Melamine formaldehyde (MF) foam is kind of fire-retardant material and has great potential in acoustic and thermal insulation area. In this article, MF resin foam was prepared by microwave radiation. We discussed the thermal stability of MF foam and the effect of different emulsifiers on its morphology, apparent density, fire-retardancy and mechanical property. The decomposition temperature of MF foam we prepared is nearly 400℃ and the constitution of residue after combustion is made up of carbon and graphite. Emulsifier influenced the apparent density of MF foam and using coemulsifiers can get flexible foam with uniform cell size, good morphology and low apparent density. When the fire-retardant MF foam’s apparent density is low of 5.53 kg/cm-3, its value of LOI can reach 32.4. The mechanical property of foam is consistent with apparent density.

Coordination configurations of cupric tartrate in electronic industry wastewater

The coordination structure of cupric tartrate(Cu−TA)complex was investigated by ultraviolet−visible(UV-Vis)and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer(LC-MS)firstly;furthermore,effective coordination configurations and electronic properties of Cu−TA in aqueous solution were systematically revealed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Consistently,Job plots show the possible existence of[Cu(TA)]and[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)at 230 and 255 nm based on UV-Vis results.LC-MS results confirm the existence of the single and high coordination complexes[Cu_(2)(TA)_(2)]^(+),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(+)and[Cu_(2)(TA)_(3)(H_(2)O)_(2)(OH)_(2)]^(2+).DFT calculation results show that carboxylic oxygen and hydroxyl oxygen of tartaric acid(TA)are preferred sites for Cu(Ⅱ)coordination.[Cu(TA)](1H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)(two 1^(C),2^(H) sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),and[Cu(TA)_(3)]^(4-)(three 2H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ))should be dominant coordination configurations of Cu−TA.The corresponding Gibbs reaction energies are-170.1,-136.2,and-90.2 kJ/mol,respectively.

Finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization of fractional-order delayed memristive neural networks with parameters uncertainty and discontinuous activation functions

The finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization is investigated for fractional-order delayed memristive neural networks(FDMNN)with parameters uncertainty and discontinuous activation functions.The relevant results are obtained under the framework of Filippov for such systems.Firstly,the novel feedback controller,which includes the discontinuous functions and time delays,is proposed to investigate such systems.Secondly,the conditions on finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization of FDMNN are established according to the properties of fractional-order calculus and inequality analysis technique.At the same time,the upper bound of the settling time for Mittag-Leffler synchronization is accurately estimated.In addition,by selecting the appropriate parameters of the designed controller and utilizing the comparison theorem for fractional-order systems,the global asymptotic synchronization is achieved as a corollary.Finally,a numerical example is given to indicate the correctness of the obtained conclusions.

Interaction induced non-reciprocal three-level quantum transport

Besides its fundamental importance, non-reciprocity has also found many potential applications in quantum technology. Recently, many quantum systems have been proposed to realize non-reciprocity, but stable non-reciprocal process is still experimentally difficult in general, due to the needed cyclical interactions in artificial systems or operational difficulties in solid state materials. Here, we propose a new kind of interaction induced non-reciprocal operation, based on the conventional stimulated-Raman-adiabatic-passage (STIRAP) setup, which removes the experimental difficulty of requiring cyclical interaction, and thus it is directly implementable in various quantum systems. Furthermore, we also illustrate our proposal on a chain of three coupled superconducting transmons, which can lead to a non-reciprocal circulator with high fidelity without a ring coupling configuration as in the previous schemes or implementations. Therefore, our protocol provides a promising way to explore fundamental non-reciprocal quantum physics as well as realize non-reciprocal quantum device.

Finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization of fractional-order complex-valued memristive neural networks with time delay

Without dividing the complex-valued systems into two real-valued ones, a class of fractional-order complex-valued memristive neural networks(FCVMNNs) with time delay is investigated. Firstly, based on the complex-valued sign function, a novel complex-valued feedback controller is devised to research such systems. Under the framework of Filippov solution, differential inclusion theory and Lyapunov stability theorem, the finite-time Mittag-Leffler synchronization(FTMLS) of FCVMNNs with time delay can be realized. Meanwhile, the upper bound of the synchronization settling time(SST) is less conservative than previous results. In addition, by adjusting controller parameters, the global asymptotic synchronization of FCVMNNs with time delay can also be realized, which improves and enrich some existing results. Lastly,some simulation examples are designed to verify the validity of conclusions.

The role of hypoxia-inducible factors in tumor angiogenesis and cell metabolism

Hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)is a main heterodimeric transcription factor that regulates the cellular adaptive response to hypoxia by stimulating the transcription of a series of hypoxia-inducible genes.HIF is frequently upregulated in solid tumors,and the overexpression of HIF can promote tumor progression or aggressiveness by blood vessel architecture and altering cellular metabolism.In this review,we focused on the pivotal role of HIF in tumor angiogenesis and energy metabolism.Furthermore,we also emphasized the possibility of HIF pathway as a potential therapeutic target in cancer.

Noncyclic nonadiabatic holonomic quantum gates via shortcuts to adiabaticity

High-fidelity quantum gates are essential for large-scale quantum computation.However,any quantum manipulation will inevitably affected by noises,systematic errors and decoherence effects,which lead to infidelity of a target quantum task.Therefore,implementing high-fidelity,robust and fast quantum gates is highly desired.Here,we propose a fast and robust scheme to construct high-fidelity holonomic quantum gates for universal quantum computation based on resonant interaction of three-level quantum systems via shortcuts to adiabaticity.In our proposal,the target Hamiltonian to induce noncyclic non-Abelian geometric phases can be inversely engineered with less evolution time and demanding experimentally,leading to high-fidelity quantum gates in a simple setup.Besides,our scheme is readily realizable in physical system currently pursued for implementation of quantum computation.Therefore,our proposal represents a promising way towards fault-tolerant geometric quantum computation.

Experimental realization of nonadiabatic holonomic single‐qubit quantum gates with two dark paths in a trapped ion

For circuit-based quantum computation,experimental implementation of a universal set of quantum logic gates with high-fidelity and strong robustness is essential and central.Quantum gates induced by geometric phases,which depend only on global properties of the evolution paths,have built-in noise-resilience features.Here,we propose and experimentally demonstrate nonadiabatic holonomic single-qubit quantum gates on two dark paths in a trapped ^(171)γδ^(+)ion based on four-level systems with resonant drives.We confirm the implementation with measured gate fidelity through both quantum process tomography and randomized benchmarking methods.Meanwhile,we find that nontrivial holonomic two-qubit quantum gates can also be realized within current experimental technologies.Compared with previous implementations,our experiments share both the advantages of fast nonadiabatic evolution and robustness against systematic errors.Therefore,our experiments confirm a promising method for fast and robust holonomic quantum computation.

Tunneling magnetoresistance materials and devices for neuromorphic computing

Artificial intelligence has become indispensable in modern life,but its energy consumption has become a significant concern due to its huge storage and computational demands.Artificial intelligence algorithms are mainly based on deep learning algorithms,relying on the backpropagation of convolutional neural networks or binary neural networks.While these algorithms aim to simulate the learning process of the human brain,their low bio-fidelity and the separation of storage and computing units lead to significant energy consumption.The human brain is a remarkable computing machine with extraordinary capabilities for recognizing and processing complex information while consuming very low power.Tunneling magnetoresistance(TMR)-based devices,namely magnetic tunnel junctions(MTJs),have great advantages in simulating the behavior of biological synapses and neurons.This is not only because MTJs can simulate biological behavior such as spike-timing dependence plasticity and leaky integrate-fire,but also because MTJs have intrinsic stochastic and oscillatory properties.These characteristics improve MTJs’bio-fidelity and reduce their power consumption.MTJs also possess advantages such as ultrafast dynamics and non-volatile properties,making them widely utilized in the field of neuromorphic computing in recent years.We conducted a comprehensive review of the development history and underlying principles of TMR,including a detailed introduction to the material and magnetic properties of MTJs and their temperature dependence.We also explored various writing methods of MTJs and their potential applications.Furthermore,we provided a thorough analysis of the characteristics and potential applications of different types of MTJs for neuromorphic computing.TMR-based devices have demonstrated promising potential for broad application in neuromorphic computing,particularly in the development of spiking neural networks.Their ability to perform on-chip learning with ultra-low power consumption makes them an exciting prospect for future advances in the era of the internet of things.

High-drug-loading capacity of redox-activated biodegradable nanoplatform for active targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs

Challenges associated with low-drug-loading capacity,lack of active targeting of tumor cells and unspecific drug release of nanocarriers synchronously plague the success of cancer therapy.Herein,we constructed active-targeting,redox-activated polymeric micelles(HPGssML)selfassembled aptamer-decorated,amphiphilic biodegradable poly(benzyl malolactonate-co-e-caprolactone)copolymer with disulfide linkage and p-conjugated moieties.HPGssML with a homogenous spherical shape and nanosized diameter(-150 nm)formed a low critical micellar concentration(10^-3mg/mL),suggesting good stability of polymeric micelles.The anticancer drug,doxorubicin(DOX),can be efficiently loaded into the core of micelles with high-drug-loading content via strong π-π interaction,which was verified by a decrease in fluorescence intensity and redshift in UV adsorption of DOX in micelles.The redox sensitivity of polymeric micelles was confirmed by size change and in vitro drug release in a reducing environment.Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry assay demonstrated that conjugating aptamers could enhance specific uptake of HPGssML by cancer cells.An in vitro cytotoxicity study showed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of DOX-loaded HPGssML was two times lower than that of the control group,demonstrating improved antitumor efficacy.Therefore,the multifunctional biodegradable polymeric micelles can be exploited as a desirable drug carrier for effective cancer treatment.

Nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation with optimal control on superconducting circuits

Quantum gates,which are the essent ial building blocks of quantum computers,are very fragile.Thus,to realize robust quanturm gates with high fidelity is the ultimate goal of quantum manipulation.Here,we propose a nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation scheme on superconducting circuits to engineer arbitrary quantum gates,which share both the robust merit of geometric phases and the capacity to combine with optimal control technique to further enhance the gate robustness.Specif-ically,in our proposal,arbitrary geometric single-qubit gates can be realized on a transmon qubit,by a resonant microwave field driving,with both the amplitude and phase of the driving being time-dependent.Meanwhile,nontrivial two-qubit gometric gates can be implemented by two capacitively coupled transmon qubits,with one of the transmon qubits'frequency being modulated to obtain ef-fective resonant coupling between them.Therefore,our scheme provides a promising step towards fault-tolerant solid-state quantum computation.

Experimental demonstration of skyrmionic magnetic tunnel junction at room temperature

Chiral magnetic skyrmions are topological swirling spin textures that hold promise for future information technology. The electrical nucleation and motion of skyrmions have been experimentally demonstrated in the last decade, while electrical detection compatible with semiconductor processes has not been achieved, and this is considered one of the most crucial gaps regarding the use of skyrmions in real applications. Here, we report the direct observation of nanoscale skyrmions in Co Fe B/Mg O-based magnetic tunnel junction devices at room temperature. High-resolution magnetic force microscopy imaging and tunneling magnetoresistance measurements are used to illustrate the electrical detection of skyrmions,which are stabilized under the cooperation of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and dipolar stray field. This skyrmionic magnetic tunnel junction shows a stable nonlinear multilevel resistance thanks to its topological nature and tunable density of skyrmions under current pulse excitation. These features provide important perspectives for spintronics to realize highdensity memory and neuromorphic computing.

The potential value of microRNA-4463 in the prognosis evaluation in hepatocellular carcinoma

The purpose of this study is to measure the expression of microRNA-4463 and microRNA-6087 between normal persons and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and to clarify the meaning of them in the prognosis evaluation in HCC.Forty-five samples from healthy people and patients,who had been diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma before any treatment,were collected to study respectively.Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miRNA-4463 and miRNA-6087 in the serum of control group and hepatocellular carcinoma patients.The expression of miR-4463 in the serum of HCC patients was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),and the expression level was independent of gender,tumor size,cell types,stages,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL)and HBsAg status(P>0.05).But there was a significant difference of different level of AFP in HCC(P<0.05),and the difference between the group of AFP lower than 400 ug/l and the control group is statistically significant(P<0.05).Besides,the survival time had showed a significant difference at the high and low expression levels(P<0.05).But the expression level of miRNA-6087 was no difference in HCC and control group.The disorder of miRNA-4463 occurred in HCC,even the AFP level doesn’t rises.What’s more,patients who get the high level of miRNA-4463 seem to have a shorter survival time.And it contributes great to the prognostic evaluation.This is the first study to illustrate the potential significance of miRNA-4463 in the prognosis in HCC.

Hydrogen Storage Alloy and Carbon Nanotubes Mixed Catalyst in a Direct Borohydride Fuel Cell

In this study, carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were mixed with ABs-type hydrogen storage alloy （HSA）, as catalyst for an anode in a direct borohydride fuel cell （DBFC）. As comparision, a series of traditional carbon materials, such as acetylene black, Vulcan XC-72R, and super activated carbon （SAC） were also employed. Electrochemical measurements showed that the electrocatalytic activity of HSA was improved greatly by CNTs. The current density of the DI3FC employing the HSA/CNTs catalytic anode could reach 1550 mA.cm-2 （at -0.6 V vs the EIg/HgO electrode） and the maximum power density of 65 mW.cm-2 for this cell could be achieved at room temperature. Furthermore, the life time test lasting for 60 h showed that the cell displayed a good stability.

STUDIES ON THE DEGRADATION OF POLY(L-LACTIDE-r-TRIMETHENE CARBONATE) COPOLYMERS

Biodegradable poly（L-lactide-r-trimethene carbonate） copolymers （P（LLA-co-TMC）） with different compositions were synthesized. The degradation of the copolymers was carried out in phosphate buffer saline solutions （pH = 7.4） at 37℃. The compositions, structure and properties of the copolymers in degradation were characterized with IH-NMR, DSC, XRD, GPC, and SEM. The weight loss of the P（LLA-co-TMC） 50/50 was much faster than that of P（LLA-co-TMC） 85/15 and PLLA homopolymer. Interestingly, though the molecular weight of the compolymers decreased greatly during degradation, the compositions were rarely varied. After long time degradation, the PLLA segments were induced to crystallize in the P（LLA-co-TMC） 85/15 copolymer. The SEM observation of the surface and cross-section of P（LLA-co- TMC） 85/15 copolymer films found it was similar to the bulk degradation of PLLA homopolymer.

Zero sintering-induced shrinkage of porous oxide ceramics

Porous oxide ceramics are widely used in extreme working conditions owing to their excellent resistance to high temperatures and corrosion.However,sintering is an inevitable process applied to ceramics,from the green body to the final product.The highly complex structures exacerbate the shrinkage-induced ir-regular deformation and crack formation in the sintering process.A pioneering approach is developed in this study to achieve zero shrinkage for porous alumina ceramics during multistep sintering,using a combination of active fillers-ZrAl 3 and Al 75 Si 25.The response surface method is used to optimize the material compositions and sintering process,to achieve shrinkages of less than 0.05%for the entire pro-cess.The sintering expansion mechanism is investigated by analyzing the pyrolysis and microstructures of samples at different temperatures.The combination of ZrAl 3 and Al 75 Si 25 can attain the continuous expansion of the matrix in a wide temperature range of 600-1400°C.Furthermore,typical alumina com-ponents are fabricated and used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.Owing to shrinkage suppression,the profile deviation of the samples is less than 0.1 mm,and the proportion of microcracks is reduced by 97.8%.The suggested approach shows potential applications in near-net,low-defect fabrica-tion of complex fine ceramic components.