融合多源异构在线评论的开放式创新社区创意采纳预测研究

整合内外部创新资源以获得市场优势一直是企业关注的问题,这是因为企业的创新能力直接决定了企业的兴衰成败。已有的以在线评论为数据源预测开放式创新社区中创意采纳的研究主要依靠单一的文本特征。基于启发式系统性说服理论,本文提出了一种新的开放式创新社区创意采纳预测模型。该模型在基于信任转移理论和价值共创理论基础上,归纳了多源异构在线评论的定义,并从启发式评论者特征、启发式评论特征和系统性评论特征3个层次特征来描述创意。此外,还引入图注意力网络实现了3个层次创意特征的融合。本文从真实的开放式创新社区收集了数据集,验证了本文模型及其各个特征,该模型准确预测创意采纳的综合性能大约在97%,图模型特征融合后的分类预测结果优于传统的机器学习分类算法。研究结果不仅证明了图模型在特征融合中的有效性,而且从融合评论特征和评论者特征的角度,为创意采纳预测提供了方法和理论上的支持。

A"messenger zone hypothesis"based on the visual three-dimensional spatial distribution of motoneurons innervating deep limb muscles

Coordinated contraction of skeletal muscles relies on selective connections between the muscles and multiple classes of the spinal motoneuro ns.Howeve r,current research on the spatial location of the spinal motoneurons innervating differe nt muscles is limited.In this study,we investigated the spatial distribution and relative position of different motoneurons that control the deep muscles of the mouse hindlimbs,which were innervated by the obturator nerve,femoral nerve,inferior gluteal nerve,deep pe roneal nerve,and tibial nerve.Locations were visualized by combining a multiplex retrograde tracking technique compatible with three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared o rgans(3DISCO)and 3-D imaging technology based on lightsheet fluorescence microscopy(LSFM).Additionally,we propose the hypothesis that"messenger zones"exist as interlaced areas between the motoneuron pools that dominate the synergistic or antagonist muscle groups.We hypothesize that these interlaced neurons may participate in muscle coordination as messenger neurons.Analysis revealed the precise mutual positional relationships among the many motoneurons that innervate different deep muscles of the mouse.Not only do these findings update and supplement our knowledge regarding the overall spatial layout of spinal motoneurons that control mouse limb muscles,but they also provide insights into the mechanisms through which muscle activity is coordinated and the architecture of motor circuits.

尿素对厚壳贻贝外套膜在酸化条件下贝壳损伤-修复过程的影响

为了解尿素对厚壳贻贝在海洋酸化条件下,其贝壳损伤-修复过程的影响,通过构建酸化条件下厚壳贻贝的壳损伤模型,结合外套膜转录组学技术,分析了厚壳贻贝外套膜在尿素添加前后的转录组学响应;进一步对两种条件下的厚壳贻贝外套膜开展了显微观察、游离氨基酸组成变化及细胞内钙离子水平分析。结果表明,尿素的添加有助于贻贝外套膜在酸化背景下其细胞稳态维持、能量代谢水平提升、免疫平衡调节及钙离子募集等功能。上述研究有助于了解厚壳贻贝在海洋酸化背景下其贝壳的生物矿化过程及壳损伤-修复分子策略,从中判断尿素添加对贻贝在海洋酸化条件下的贝壳生物矿化过程的可能促进机制,也为在当前海洋酸化大背景下,海洋贝类养殖业的健康发展提供了新的思路。

数字人文视角下藏医学古籍知识发现研究——以《四部医典》为例

[目的/意义]基于数字人文视角,以藏医学古籍《四部医典》为例,探索藏医学病症关系、病因关系、用药规律以及新处方挖掘路径,有利于藏医学古籍资源的开发与利用,从具体实践中帮助解读和传播少数民族医学资源。[方法/过程]本研究使用Python、Gephi等工具软件,按照文档识别与校对、文本分词与提取、数据分析处理、数据可视化、结果阐释的研究过程,对藏医学进行病症关系分析、病因关系分析、用药规律挖掘以及新处方预测分析。[结果/结论]相关的分析过程和结果有助于完成藏中医古籍知识发现路径,确定藏医学古籍内容挖掘的可行方法,为中医学古籍内容挖掘与知识发现提供新思路。

基于超图的在线社交网络信息传播模型研究

本研究考虑在线社交网络中成对好友关系和虚拟社群群友关系,采用超图刻画网络拓扑结构。通过对用户转发与评论等行为的分析划分个体状态,根据社会作用力理论定义个体状态转换规则,进而改进SIR(susceptible-infected-removal)信息传播模型。结合基于超图的网络拓扑结构和改进的SIR模型构建在线社交网络信息传播模型,使用NetLogo软件对提出的模型进行模拟仿真,并分析社群结构等因素对传播结果的影响。仿真结果表明,基于超图的网络能够很好地契合在线社交网络拓扑结构,社群结构、社交网络活跃度及信息老化速度等因素对信息传播过程有显著影响。

基于在线评论和管理回复一致性的用户参与行为研究

除了在线客户评论,管理回复已经成为客户在线获取相关信息的另一个重要的双向沟通渠道。过去撰写的客户评论和管理回复可能会影响未来潜在用户的参与行为,但其内部机制尚不明晰。因此,本研究的目的是将每条客户评论和其相应的管理回复组合起来,探讨其如何对后续的用户参与行为产生影响。本研究基于认知一致性理论提出研究模型,揭示了每个评论与回复组合之间的主题一致性和长度一致性对用户参与(评论点赞和回复点赞)的影响。利用从华为商城收集的80329个在线客户评论和管理回复组合数据进行实证研究,分别通过BERT (bidirectional encoder representations from transformers)技术、余弦相似性和文本挖掘来测量主题一致性和长度一致性。应用零膨胀负二项模型进行回归分析。研究结果表明,评论与回复的主题一致性和长度一致性会对用户参与行为产生积极影响。此外,评论情感会正向调节评论与回复长度一致性对回复点赞的影响。本研究从一个新的角度出发,通过确定评论和回复的匹配预测未来用户的参与行为,有助于从业者制定管理回复策略,利用评论和回复之间的匹配效应吸引潜在用户。

基于在线评论和集成独立子空间的 移动应用采用预测研究

[目的/意义]对现有移动应用用户采用预测方法进行优化,为移动应用开发商和发行商提供决策依据。[方法/过程]从应用商店采集在线评论,抽取移动应用产品信息特征,利用独立子空间方法进行特征采样和特征重要性评估,然后结合MLR、CART、ANN和SVR算法对移动应用的用户采用趋势进行预测。[结果/结论]本文提出的基于独立子空间的集成方法在评估输入特征的重要性上表现更佳,且能够准确地预测移动应用用户采用趋势。研究结论能够为移动应用开发商、发行商和应用商店运营人员提供决策依据。

双循环视角下人口年龄结构对消费的溢出效应研究——基于安徽省16个地级市的经验证据

文章选取安徽省16个地级市2000—2020年相关指标数据,研究安徽省各市人口年龄结构变化对居民内外循环消费的溢出效应。结果表明:人口老龄化、少儿人口增加均对居民内循环消费有促进作用,其中少儿群体对居民内循环消费影响最大,老年群体次之;少儿人口增加对居民外循环消费有积极影响,人口老龄化抑制了居民外循环消费。文章根据研究结果提出政策建议:第一,针对不同年龄群体制定差异化消费政策;第二,完善三孩生育政策配套措施;第三,健全社会养老服务体系,大力发展夕阳产业。

古籍数字化国内外研究现状分析与路径构建研究

[目的/意义]分析古籍数字化领域研究现状,构建古籍数字化工作路径,发现当前国内古籍数字化研究工作的不足并提出未来发展方向,为便捷古籍开发、实现传统文化的传承提供参考。[方法/过程]藉由国内外古籍数字化相关文献分析国内外现有古籍数字化研究的主要内容,结合五原语论与数字人文技术体系建设古籍数字化路径,并根据国内外研究现状找寻当前国内古籍数字化研究不足和发展方向。[结果/结论]提出包含转化、重构、应用和控制4个部分的古籍数字化建设路径并对古籍数字化路径各部分内容进行了规划,基于文献分析结果与古籍数字化路径内容对国内古籍数字化现存问题与未来发展方向提供参考。

地夸磷索钠联合强脉冲光治疗角膜屈光手术后睑板腺功能障碍性干眼

目的:观察地夸磷索钠联合强脉冲光(IPL)对屈光术后睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)性干眼的治疗效果。方法:选取2021-03/12在本院进行激光角膜屈光手术后6mo内确诊的MGD性干眼患者64例128眼。随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组患者33例66眼接受玻璃酸钠联合IPL治疗,试验组患者31例62眼接受地夸磷索钠联合IPL治疗。两组患者每次IPL治疗前均进行眼部症状评分,检查非接触式泪膜破裂时间(NIBUT)、泪河高度、泪膜脂质层分级、睑板腺缺失率及裸眼视力。结果:IPL治疗后,两组患者眼部症状评分、睑板腺缺失率评分均持续降低,NIBUT、泪河高度、泪膜脂质层分级均持续升高,裸眼视力无明显变化,且第3次IPL治疗前试验组患者NIBUT优于对照组(6.24±0.27s vs 5.51±0.24s,P=0.046)。结论:地夸磷索钠和玻璃酸钠联合IPL均对MGD性干眼有较好的治疗效果,但短期内疗效差异不显著。

Design of a high-dynamic-range prototype readout system for VLAST calorimeter

In the future, the Very Large Area gamma-ray Space Telescope is expected to observe high-energy electrons and gamma rays in the MeV to TeV range with unprecedented acceptance. As part of the detector suite, a high-energy imaging calorimeter(HEIC) is currently being developed as a homogeneous calorimeter that utilizes long bismuth germanate(BGO) scintillation crystals as both absorbers and detectors. To accurately measure the energy deposition in the BGO bar of HEIC, a highdynamic-range readout method using a silicon photomultiplier(SiPM) and multiphotodiode(PD) with different active areas has been proposed. A prototype readout system that adopts multichannel charge measurement ASICs was also developed to read out the combined system of SiPMs and PDs. Preliminary tests confirmed the feasibility of the readout scheme, which is expected to have a dynamic range close to 10~6.

基于机器学习的面心立方高熵合金弹性性能预测

提出预测面心立方高熵合金弹性性能的机器学习模型。数据集来源于第一性原理计算得到的186组样本。测试集体积模量(B)和剪切模量(G)预测值的拟合优度(R2)分别达到0.81和0.84。根据机器学习结果,Co Ni CuMoW在等主元高熵合金(G/B≤0.57)中具有最高的B、G和弹性模量(Y)和良好的塑性。第一性原理计算结果表明,当W含量增加时,(CoNiCuMo)1-xWx合金的弹性各向异性提高,且塑性下降。差分电荷密度分析结果表明,W—W和W—Mo键存在明显的电荷聚集,表明W原子与邻近原子间存在共价键作用。

The Tianlin Mission:A 6m UV/Opt/IR Space Telescope to Explore Habitable Worlds and the Universe

It is expected that ongoing and future space-borne planet survey missions including Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS),PLATO and Earth 2.0 will detect thousands of small to medium-sized planets via the transit technique,including over a hundred habitable terrestrial rocky planets.To conduct a detailed study of these terrestrial planets,particularly the cool ones with wide orbits,the exoplanet community has proposed various follow-up missions.The currently proposed European Space Agency mission Ariel is the first step for this purpose,and it is capable of characterization of planets down to warm super-Earths mainly using transmission spectroscopy.The NASA Large Ultraviolet/Optical/Infrared Surveyor mission proposed in the Astro2020 Decadal Survey white paper will endeavor to further identify habitable rocky planets,and is expected to launch around 2045.In the meanwhile,China is funding a concept study of a 6 m class space telescope named Tianlin(a UV/Opt/NIR large aperture space telescope)that aims to start its operation within the next 10–15 yr and last for 5+yr.Tianlin will be primarily aimed at the discovery and characterization of rocky planets in the habitable zones around nearby stars and to search for potential biosignatures mainly using the direct imaging method.Transmission and emission spectroscopy at moderate to high resolution will be carried out as well on a population of exoplanets to strengthen the understanding of the formation and evolution of exoplanets.It will also be utilized to perform in-depth studies of the cosmic web and early galaxies,and constrain the nature of dark matter and dark energy.We describe briefly the primary scientific motivations and main technical considerations based on our preliminary simulation results.We find that a monolithic off-axis space telescope with primary mirror diameter larger than 6 m equipped with a high contrast coronagraph can identify water in the atmosphere of a habitable-zone Earth-like planet around a Sunlike star.More simulations for the detectability of other key biosignatures including O_(3),O_(2),CH_(4)and chlorophyll are coming.

Timing and Single-pulse Study of Pulsar J1909+0122 Discovered by CRAFTS

We report the discovery of PSR J1909+0122 by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST)as part of the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey.PSR J1909+0122 has a spin period of 1.257 s and a dispersion measure of 186.2 pc cm^(-3).The averaged pulse profile shows two distinct components.We performed a single-pulse study based on a one-hour observation at 1.25 GHz on 2021 August 23.We used a threshold of 5σ_(ep) to measure the nulling fraction(NF)as 63%±1.5%.The longitude-resolved fluctuation spectra and fast Fourier transform spectra of the binary sequences revealed the quasi-periodicity of nulling with a period of 30 rotation periods.We examined the reliability of the periodicity by comparing it to random noise injection.The NF,E,and modulation periodicity P_(M) of PSR J1909+0122 were compared with other periodic nulling pulsars,showing that the source of J1909+0122 has the second largest NF in the population.Long-term timing observations over six months were used to derive the phase-connected ephemeris of this pulsar.The measured P and P values disfavor dipolar geometry for polar gap models,and the prediction for a space-charge-limited flow model in the case of inverse Compton scattering is only just above the death line.In this work,PSR J1909+0122 has revealed possible correlations between nulling behavior and pulsar properties,which will help to shed light on the pulsar emission mechanism and its temporal evolution in future observations.

基于主轴电流小波变换的刀具磨损状态监测

为消除机器人自动制孔系统中由于刀具磨损引起的孔径误差,提出一种基于主轴电流离散小波变换的刀具磨损状态在线监测以及寿命预测方法。首先根据主轴电流信号的波动规律,综合小波信号的正则性、相似性及曲线误差光滑性等要求,选用3阶多贝西小波基对主轴电流信号进行离散分解。结合刀具磨损规律,选取电流信号的3阶低频分解量作为刀具磨损状态监测的最有效特征,将电流信号的1阶高频分解量进行离散傅里叶变换,得到高频分量的频域特性,为电磁兼容设计提供依据;最后利用最小二乘法拟合刀具磨损量与主轴电流特征值的线性关系,通过监测主轴电流特征值,实现对刀具后刀面磨损量的在线监测以及刀具寿命预测。

Reciprocating Magnetic Fields in the Pulsar Wind Observed from the Black Widow Pulsar J1720-0534

We report the radio observations of the eclipsing black widow pulsar J1720-0534, a 3.26 ms pulsar in orbit with a low mass companion of mass 0.029 to 0.034 M⊙. We obtain the phase-connected timing ephemeris and polarization profile of this millisecond pulsar(MSP) using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST), the Green Bank Telescope(GBT), and the Parkes Telescope. For the first time from such a system, an oscillatory polarization angle change was observed from a particular eclipse egress with partial depolarization, indicating 10-milliGauss-level reciprocating magnetic fields oscillating in a length scale of 5 ×10^(3)km(assuming an orbital inclination angle of 90°) outside the companion's magnetosphere. The dispersion measure variation observed during the ingresses and egresses shows the rapid raising of the electron density in the shock boundary between the companion's magnetosphere and the surrounding pulsar wind. We suggest that the observed oscillatory magnetic fields originate from the pulsar wind outside the companion's magnetosphere.

Structural Connectivity Enhanced Anisotropic 3D Network for Brain Midline Delineation

Brain midline delineation can facilitate the clinical evaluation of brain midline shift,which has a pivotal role in the diagnosis and prognosis of various brain pathology.However,there are still challenges for brain midline delineation:1)the largely deformed midline is hard to localize if mixed with severe cerebral hemorrhage;2)the predicted midlines of recent methods are not smooth and continuous which violates the structural priority.To overcome these challenges,we propose an anisotropic three dimensional(3D)network with context-aware refinement(A3D-CAR)for brain midline modeling.The proposed network fuses 3D context from different two dimensional(2D)slices through asymmetric context fusion.To exploit the elongated structure of the midline,an anisotropic block is designed to balance the difference between the adjacent pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions.For maintaining the structural priority of a brain midline,we present a novel 3D connectivity regular loss(3D CRL)to penalize the disconnectivity between nearby coordinates.Extensive experiments on the CQ dataset and one in-house dataset show that the proposed method outperforms three state-of-the-art methods on four evaluation metrics without excessive computational burden.

Speed Measurement Feasibility by Eddy Current Effect in the High-Speed MFL Testing

It is known that eddy current effect has a great influence on magnetic flux leakage testing(MFL).Usually,contacttype encoder wheels are used to measure MFL testing speed to evaluate the effect and further compensate testing signals.This speed measurement method is complicated,and inevitable abrasion and occasional slippage will reduce the measurement accuracy.In order to solve this problem,based on eddy current effect due to the relative movement,a speed measurement method is proposed,which is contactless and simple.In the high-speed MFL testing,eddy current induced in the specimen will cause an obvious modification to the applied field.This modified field,which is measured by Hall sensor,can be utilized to reflect the moving speed.Firstly,the measurement principle is illustrated based on Faraday’s law.Then,dynamic finite element simulations are conducted to investigate the modified magnetic field distribution.Finally,laboratory experiments are performed to validate the feasibility of the proposed method.The results show that Bmz(r1)and Bmx(r2)have a linear relation with moving speed,which could be used as an alternative measurement parameter.

微型环境空气质量监测系统研究与应用

为了满足大气网格化监测对环境空气质量进行实时监控的需要,设计了一种基于传感器及光散射原理的微型环境空气质量监测系统。介绍了仪器系统的整体设计,以及电化学传感器模块和颗粒物检测模块的原理和具体实现方法。在实验室验证以及户外的国标法仪器的对比测试中,该监测系统表现出了优良的检测精度以及稳定性等应用效果,能够满足日常的空气质量监测的基本需求。

A PRESTO-based parallel pulsar search pipeline used for FAST drift scan data

We developed a pulsar search pipeline based on PulsaR Exploration and Search TOolkit(PRESTO).This pipeline simply runs dedispersion,Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)and acceleration search in process-level parallel to shorten the processing time.With two parallel strategies,the pipeline can highly shorten the processing time in both normal searches and acceleration searches.This pipeline was first tested with Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survery(PMPS)data and discovered two new faint pulsars.Then,it was successfully applied in processing the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)drift scan data with tens of new pulsar discoveries up to now.The pipeline is only CPU-based and can be easily and quickly deployed in computing nodes for testing purposes or data processing.