CD3ε of a pan T cell marker involved in mouse Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis

AIM:To explore whether CD3ε is involved in the adaptive immunity of Aspergillus fumigatus(A.fumigatus)keratitis in mice and the role of innate and adaptive immunity in it.METHODS:Mice models of A.fumigatus keratitis were established by intra-stromal injection and corneal epithelial scratching.Subconjunctival injections of natamycin,wedelolactone,LOX-1 inhibitor(poly I)or Dectin-1 inhibitor(laminarin)were used to treat mice with A.fumigatus keratitis.Mice were pretreated by intraperitoneal injection of anti-mouse CD3ε.We observed the corneal infection of mice under the slit lamp microscope and made a clinical score.The protein expression of CD3ε and interleukin-10(IL-10)was determined by Western blotting.RESULTS:With the disease progresses,the degree of corneal opacity and edema augmented.In the intrastromal injection models,CD3εprotein expression began to increase significantly on the 2^(nd) day.However,in the scraping epithelial method models,CD3ε only began to increase on the 3^(rd) day.After natamycin treatment,the degree of corneal inflammation in mice was significantly attenuated on the 3^(rd) day.After wedelolactone treatment,the severity of keratitis worsened.And the amount of CD3ε protein was also reduced,compared with the control group.By inhibiting LOX-1 and Dectin-1,there was no significant difference in CD3ε production compared with the control group.After inhibiting CD3ε,corneal ulcer area and clinical score increased,and IL-10 expression was downregulated.CONCLUSION:As a pan T cell marker,CD3ε participate in the adaptive immunity of A.fumigatus keratitis in mice.In our mice models,the corneas will enter the adaptive immune stage faster.By regulating IL-10,CD3ε exerts antiinflammatory and repairs effects in the adaptive immune stage.

Quantum twisted double-slits experiments:confirming wavefunctions'physical reality

Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayedchoice experiments. Here, to address this long-standing issue, we present a quantum twisted double-slit experiment. By exploiting the subluminal feature of twisted photons, the real nature of a photon during its time in flight is revealed for the first time. We found that photons' arrival times were inconsistent with the states obtained in measurements but agreed with the states during propagation. Our results demonstrate that wavefunctions describe the realistic existence and evolution of quantum entities rather than a pure mathematical abstraction providing a probability list of measurement outcomes. This finding clarifies the long-held misunderstanding of the role of wavefunctions and their collapse in the evolution of quantum entities.

Micromechanical Behavior and Failure Mechanism of F / B Multi-phase High Performance Steel

The deformation and micro-voids formation mechanisms in ferrite / bainite（ F / B） multi-phase steel with the volume fraction of bainite less than 50% were studied by numerical simulation and experimental observation. The results show that the micro-strain concentrates at the soft / hard phase（ F / B） interface in the multi-phase steel,which should be correlated with the mechanism of incoordinate deformation. During the necking of the steel,the micro-voids initially form around the F / B interface,which also form in ferrite and bainite with the severe strain. The micro-voids in bainite are more dense and finer than those in ferrite. The failure mechanism of bainite is the coalescence of micro-voids,and the failure mechanism of ferrite is the growth and tearing of micro-voids. Due to the different failure mechanisms of ferrite and bainite,a suitable part of soft phase would be beneficial to the capability of anti-failure of F / B multi-phase steel during the ductile fracture.

An optimization of harmonic structure nickel-saving cryogenic steel via combinatorial high-throughput experiment

A combinatorial high-throughput experiment(HTE)was used to optimize composition and process of nickel-saving cryogenic steel.A gradient temperature heat treatment method with a high linear distribution of heat treatment temperature using customized graphite sleeve direct current heating was used in the combinatorial HTE,which enhanced the richness of the sample library for the single preparation of the 10^(2) level component process variables.Cryogenic steel with excellent mechanical properties was optimized using this combinatorial HTE,and the Ni content was reduced from the traditional 9 to 5.6 wt.%by using Mn instead of Ni.The heterogeneous structure architecture strategy and strengthening and toughening mechanism of the harmonic structure induced by intrinsic heat treatment of additive manufacturing were revealed.Taking the composition process optimization of Ni-saving cryogenic steel as an example,the boosting ability of combinatorial HTE in the research and development of new metal materials was proposed.

Cross-section measurement for the ^(93)Nb(n,2n)^(92g)Nb reaction at the neutron energy of 14.6 MeV by the AMS method

The cross-section for the 93Nb（n, 2n）92gNb reaction has been measured at the neutron energy of 14.6 MeV using neutron activation and accelerator mass spectrometry （AMS） determination of the long-lived product nuclide 92gNb. The neutron energy was generated from the D＋T neutron source at the China Institute of Atomic Energy （CIAE）. The neutron flux was monitored by measuring the activity of 92mNb produced in the competing reaction channel of 93Nb（n, 2n）92mNb. At the neutron energy of 14.6 MeV, the 93Nb（n, 2n）92gNb reaction cross-section of （736±220） mb was obtained for the first time.