Cells are highly sensitive to their geometrical and mechanical microenvironment that directly regulate cell shape,cytoskeleton and organelle,as well as the nucleus morphology and genetic expression.The emerging two-di...Cells are highly sensitive to their geometrical and mechanical microenvironment that directly regulate cell shape,cytoskeleton and organelle,as well as the nucleus morphology and genetic expression.The emerging two-dimensional micropatterning techniques offer powerful tools to construct controllable and well-organized microenvironment for single-cell level investigations with qualitative analysis,cellular standardization,and in vivo environment mimicking.Here,we provide an overview of the basic principle and characteristics of the two most widely-used micropatterning techniques,including photolithographic micropatterning and soft lithography micropatterning.Moreover,we summarize the application of micropatterning technique in controlling cytoskeleton,cell migration,nucleus and gene expression,as well as intercellular communication.展开更多
Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound widely exists in plants.Currently ferulic acid on the market is mainly extracted from plants,but it can also be obtained via biosynthesis or chemical synthesis.The biosynthesis meth...Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound widely exists in plants.Currently ferulic acid on the market is mainly extracted from plants,but it can also be obtained via biosynthesis or chemical synthesis.The biosynthesis method has a great potential for future production of ferulic acid.Ferulic acid is frequently used as a whitening ingredient in cosmetics,since it reduces melanin production by competitively inhibiting tyrosinase activity.It also has strong antioxidant activity,including elimination of free radicals,inhibition of ROS production,and regulation of various signaling pathways and the activity of antioxidant enzymes.The anti-UV activity of ferulic acid makes it applicable in sunscreen cosmetics.It can absorb UV rays and inhibit UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities to attenuate the damage caused by UV radiation.Ferulic acid is also reported to display protective effects on human keratinocytes and human skin fibroblasts.In addition,it is found to have effective anti-aging effect,mainly through inhibiting the degradation of hyaluronic acid by reducing the activities of collagenase and hyaluronidase,and inducing the biosynthesis of pre-collagen and hyaluronic acid.Ferulic acid shows potential for the treatment of atopic dermatitis,psoriasis and other inflammatory diseases of the skin.Its anti-inflammatory effect results from the inhibition of multiple inflammatory factors and signaling pathways.Ferulic acid displays broad-spectrum antibacterial effect,by damaging the cell membranes of bacteria and fungi which leads to membrane leakage and cell death.Furthermore,ferulic acid can also promote skin healing and regeneration.However,the instability of ferulic acid limits its applications in cosmetics.展开更多
Actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in various cellular functions.Extracellular matrix(ECM)can modulate cell morphology by remodeling the internal cytoskeleton.To define how geometry of ECM regulates the organizati...Actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in various cellular functions.Extracellular matrix(ECM)can modulate cell morphology by remodeling the internal cytoskeleton.To define how geometry of ECM regulates the organization of actin cytoskeleton,we plated individual NIH 3T3 cells on micropatterned substrates with distinct shapes and sizes.It was found that the stress fibers could form along the nonadhesive edges of T-shaped pattern,but were absent from the opening edge of V-shaped pattern,indicating that the organization of actin cytoskeleton was dependent on the mechanical environment.Furthermore,a secondary actin ring was observed on 50μm circular pattern while did not appear on 30μm and 40μm pattern,showing a size-dependent organization of actin cytoskeleton.Finally,osteoblasts,MDCK and A549 cells exhibited distinct organization of actin cytoskeleton on T-shaped pattern,suggesting a cell-type specificity in arrangement of actin cytoskeleton.Together,our findings brought novel insight into the organization of actin cytoskeleton on micropatterned environments.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12174208,32227802)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3400600)+3 种基金Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2020B0301030009)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020 M680032)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2122021337,2122021405)the 111 Project(No.B23045).
文摘Cells are highly sensitive to their geometrical and mechanical microenvironment that directly regulate cell shape,cytoskeleton and organelle,as well as the nucleus morphology and genetic expression.The emerging two-dimensional micropatterning techniques offer powerful tools to construct controllable and well-organized microenvironment for single-cell level investigations with qualitative analysis,cellular standardization,and in vivo environment mimicking.Here,we provide an overview of the basic principle and characteristics of the two most widely-used micropatterning techniques,including photolithographic micropatterning and soft lithography micropatterning.Moreover,we summarize the application of micropatterning technique in controlling cytoskeleton,cell migration,nucleus and gene expression,as well as intercellular communication.
文摘Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound widely exists in plants.Currently ferulic acid on the market is mainly extracted from plants,but it can also be obtained via biosynthesis or chemical synthesis.The biosynthesis method has a great potential for future production of ferulic acid.Ferulic acid is frequently used as a whitening ingredient in cosmetics,since it reduces melanin production by competitively inhibiting tyrosinase activity.It also has strong antioxidant activity,including elimination of free radicals,inhibition of ROS production,and regulation of various signaling pathways and the activity of antioxidant enzymes.The anti-UV activity of ferulic acid makes it applicable in sunscreen cosmetics.It can absorb UV rays and inhibit UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities to attenuate the damage caused by UV radiation.Ferulic acid is also reported to display protective effects on human keratinocytes and human skin fibroblasts.In addition,it is found to have effective anti-aging effect,mainly through inhibiting the degradation of hyaluronic acid by reducing the activities of collagenase and hyaluronidase,and inducing the biosynthesis of pre-collagen and hyaluronic acid.Ferulic acid shows potential for the treatment of atopic dermatitis,psoriasis and other inflammatory diseases of the skin.Its anti-inflammatory effect results from the inhibition of multiple inflammatory factors and signaling pathways.Ferulic acid displays broad-spectrum antibacterial effect,by damaging the cell membranes of bacteria and fungi which leads to membrane leakage and cell death.Furthermore,ferulic acid can also promote skin healing and regeneration.However,the instability of ferulic acid limits its applications in cosmetics.
基金This work was supported by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(2020B0301030009)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3400600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12174208,32227802,11874231,31801134 and 31870843)+2 种基金Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(20JCYBJC01010)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M680032)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2122021337 and 2122021405).
文摘Actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in various cellular functions.Extracellular matrix(ECM)can modulate cell morphology by remodeling the internal cytoskeleton.To define how geometry of ECM regulates the organization of actin cytoskeleton,we plated individual NIH 3T3 cells on micropatterned substrates with distinct shapes and sizes.It was found that the stress fibers could form along the nonadhesive edges of T-shaped pattern,but were absent from the opening edge of V-shaped pattern,indicating that the organization of actin cytoskeleton was dependent on the mechanical environment.Furthermore,a secondary actin ring was observed on 50μm circular pattern while did not appear on 30μm and 40μm pattern,showing a size-dependent organization of actin cytoskeleton.Finally,osteoblasts,MDCK and A549 cells exhibited distinct organization of actin cytoskeleton on T-shaped pattern,suggesting a cell-type specificity in arrangement of actin cytoskeleton.Together,our findings brought novel insight into the organization of actin cytoskeleton on micropatterned environments.
