Correlation of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and the Ki-67 labelling index in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly malignant and aggressive tumor,and high Ki-67 expression indicates poor histological differentiation and prognosis.Therefore,one of the challenges in diagnosing preoperatively patients with PDAC is predicting the degree of malignancy.Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(DCE-US)plays a crucial role in abdominal tumor diagnosis,and can adequately show the microvascular composition within the tumors.However,the relationship between DCE-US and the Ki-67 labelling index remains unclear at the present time.AIM To predict the correlation between Ki-67 expression and the parameters of DCEUS.METHODS Patients with PDAC who underwent DCE-US were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who had received any treatment(radiotherapy or chemotherapy)prior to DCE-US;had incomplete clinical,imaging,or pathologic information;and had poor-quality image analysis were excluded.Correlations between Ki-67 expression and the parameters of DCE-US in patients with PDAC were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis.The diagnostic performances of these parameters in high Ki-67 expression group were evaluated according to receiver operating characteristic curve.RESULTS Based on the Ki-67 labelling index,30 patients were divided into two groups,i.e.,the high expression group and the low expression group.Among the relative quantitative parameters between the two groups,relative half-decrease time(rHDT),relative peak enhancement,relative wash-in perfusion index and relative wash-in rate were significantly different between two groups(P=0.018,P=0.025,P=0.028,P=0.035,respectively).The DCE-US parameter rHDT was moderately correlated with Ki-67 expression,and rHDT≥1.07 was more helpful in accurately diagnosing high Ki-67 expression,exhibiting a sensitivity and specificity of 53.8%and 94.1%,respectively.CONCLUSION One parameter of DCE-US,rHDT,correlates with high Ki-67 expression.It demonstrates that parameters obtained noninvasively by DCE-US could better predict Ki-67 expression in PDAC preoperatively.

Three-dimensional printing for preoperative rehearsal and intraoperative navigation during laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery with left colic artery preservation

BACKGROUND Prior studies have shown that preserving the left colic artery(LCA)during laparo-scopic radical resection for rectal cancer(RC)can reduce the occurrence of anasto-motic leakage(AL),without compromising oncological outcomes.However,anatomical variations in the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)and LCA present significant surgical challenges.In this study,we present our novel three dimensional(3D)printed IMA model designed to facilitate preoperative rehearsal and intraoperative navigation to analyze its impact on surgical safety.AIM To investigate the effect of 3D IMA models on preserving the LCA during RC surgery.METHODS We retrospectively collected clinical dates from patients with RC who underwent laparoscopic radical resection from January 2022 to May 2024 at Fuyang People’s Hospital.Patients were divided into the 3D printing and control groups for sta-tistical analysis of perioperative characteristics.RESULTS The 3D printing observation group comprised of 72 patients,while the control group comprised 68 patients.The operation time(174.5±38.2 minutes vs 198.5±49.6 minutes,P=0.002),intraoperative blood loss(43.9±31.3 mL vs 58.2±30.8 mL,P=0.005),duration of hospitalization(13.1±3.1 days vs 15.9±5.6 days,P<0.001),postoperative recovery time(8.6±2.6 days vs 10.5±4.9 days,P=0.007),and the postoperative complication rate(P<0.05)were all significantly lower in the observation group.CONCLUSION Utilization of a 3D-printed IMA model in laparoscopic radical resection of RC can assist surgeons in understanding the LCA anatomy preoperatively,thereby reducing intraoperative bleeding and shortening operating time,demonstrating better clinical application potential.

基于氧化石墨烯修饰活化碳纤维的聚醚醚酮基复合材料

碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮(CF/PEEK)复合材料是重要的航空热塑性复合材料,其弱点是碳纤维(CF)与基体界面结合性差,导致层间剪切强度(ILSS)较低。文中将氧化石墨烯/聚醚酮酮(GO/PEKK)混合上浆剂涂覆于活化CF表面,制备了纤维-基体界面修饰的具有高ILSS的CF/PEEK复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱和热重分析分别对表面修饰剂及其改性CF的微观形貌与结构进行表征,采用静力学测试、动态力学分析和SEM等对复合材料断裂行为进行评价与分析。结果表明,当GO质量分数不超过0.5%时,在PEKK中分散良好;由于界面修饰剂的氢键作用,CF/PEEK复合材料的弯曲强度、模量和ILSS均大幅提高,断裂形式从纤维-基体脱粘转变为基体变形及断裂,表明基体与增强体的相互作用增强。

Effects of Adaptive Random Deceleration on Traffic Flow

Based on the Nagel-Schreckenberg model, an improved cellular automaton traffic flow model is proposed, in which the random deceleration probability of each vehicle is no longer fixed, but is adaptively adjusted according to the local traffic density in its vision and its current velocity. The numerical simulation results show that the maximum traffic capacity of the improved model under the same parameters is greater than that of the Nagel-Schreckenberg model, and is closer to the measured data. In addition, the traffic flow and vehicle velocity under different meteorological conditions are simulated by using the improved model, and the synchronized flow phenomenon consistent with the actual traffic is reproduced. Meanwhile, the results show that under the same parameters, when the traffic density is equal to 0.3, the traffic flow of the improved model increases by about 11% compared with the original model, and when the traffic density increases to 0.6, the traffic flow increases by about 27%. .

埃洛石原料无模板法制备高比表面积介孔氧化硅及其在亚甲基蓝吸附中的应用（英文）

采用无模板法,以天然的矿物原料制备介孔材料是一种经济有效的制备方法。本研究利用"煅烧-沸石化-酸处理"工艺制备高比表面积的介孔氧化硅颗粒。研究发现,通过长时间的碱处理将煅烧埃洛石转化为沸石,随后通过酸处理,可制备出比表面积高达767 m^2/g的介孔氧化硅材料。该工艺机理为:850℃煅烧使埃洛石转变为无定型态的Si-O-Al网络结构,煅烧埃洛石在长时间的水热碱处理过程中转化为结晶态的LTA沸石硅铝酸钠,在随后的强酸性环境下,沸石的Al-O和Na-O成分被完全溶解,而残余的Si-O纳米碎片在酸环境中相互聚合,生成无定形态的介孔氧化硅颗粒。本实验制备的介孔氧化硅比表面积高达767 m^2/g,最可几孔径为5 nm,其亚甲基蓝平衡吸附量可达741 mg/g,表明其在污染物吸附中具有良好的应用潜力。

NOS3基因多态性与血脂、缺血性脑卒中的相关性研究

目的为了探索NOS3基因G894T多态性与缺血性脑卒中的关联,以及与血脂的关系。方法聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP),琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测100例缺血性脑卒中患者和对照组80例健康志愿者的NOS3基因G894T多态性。自动生化分析仪检测血脂指标。结果(1)卒中组与对照组相比GT(27/100和22/120)和TT(7/100和2/120)基因型分布频率较高(P <0. 05)。T等位基因分布在卒中组(20. 5%)也显著高于对照组(10. 83%)(P <0. 01);(2)卒中组中TT基因型携带者血脂水平TC和LDL-C显著高于GG和GT基因型患者,而其他血脂水平无显著差异;(3)关联分析显示TT基因型与卒中患病风险具有相关性(P <0. 05)。结论 NOS3基因多态性与缺血性脑卒中发病存在关联,TT基因型携带者患病风险高于GG基因型携带者。

Ultrasound-guided No Touch liver pedicle microwave ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment

Objective This study aimed to investigate the feasibility,safety,and clinical effect of No Touch liver pedicle microwave ablation(NTLP-MWA).Methods The outcomes of 118 patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)between 2014 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into three groups.In group A,35 patients underwent ultrasound-guided NTLP-MWA,27 in Group B were treated with routine microwave ablation(RMWA),and 56 in group C underwent anatomic hepatectomy(AH).The preoperative basic data,intraoperative data,and postoperative data were analyzed among the three groups.Results The treatment time,intraoperative blood loss,and postoperative liver function(alanine transaminase)in the NTLP-MWA and RMWA groups were significantly different from those in the AH group(all P<0.005).There was no difference in the complete elimination rate and local recurrence within 1 year among the three groups.Treatment was not an independent risk factor for early postoperative recurrence.There was no significant difference in the 5-year overall survival rates among the three groups.Conclusion NTLP-MWA is safe and reliable,in accordance with the principles of oncology treatment,and worth further promotion in clinical practice.

Observation on the Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

This study focused on the observation effect of the comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.A total of 64 patients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were selected as subjects.The patients were divided into two groups according to a randomized method.The observation group and the control group were the same in both groups(n=32),study time from June 2017 to August 2018,the selection of patients in the study time,the standard treatment and routine care to give way to the control group.The observation groups comprehend nursing intervention.The two groups of patients compared with nursing effects,nursing satisfaction,lung function levels before and aftercare,care adherence,hospitalization days,and satisfaction scores.The observation group was better than the control group in terms of nursing effect,nursing satisfaction,lung function level before and after nursing,nursing compliance,hospitalization days,and satisfaction score.The comprehensive nursing intervention of patients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has significant effects and is worthy of further promotion and application.

Thoughts on the Construction of Beautiful Villages with Poverty Alleviation in the Perspective

Accurate poverty alleviation has become an important task in implementing the rural revitalization strategy.Since the 19th CPC National Congress,Chinese government institutions have been striving to take measures to lift poor rural areas out of poverty.This essay takes Tailai district as the blueprint to start the research on precision poverty alleviation,explores and discusses the construction of beautiful villages,proposes strategies for sustainable development,makes people change concepts to coordinate the relationship between interests and concepts.It also points out the target that using the industry as a guide,using technology to alleviate poverty and make the village vibrant.Therefore,the endogenous power will be derived from the roots,and the agriculture,farmer and rural area will be fed back,in order to provide a reference for the Construction of Beautiful Villages in Heilongjiang.

Application of acupoint massage combined with acupoint application in stable stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective:To investigate the application of acupoint massage combined with acupoint application in pulmonary rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Inhaled drugs,oral expectorant,such as conventional treatment,select our hospital on June 6,2019-March 2021 in lung disease clinics,a total of 130 patients with COPD,with digital method of random divided into control group and observation group,65 cases in each group,control group given observation group in the control group on the basis of joint acupoint sticking therapy combined with acupuncture point massage,two groups of treatment for 15 days,respectively,The total effective rate,TCM syndrome score,lung function index and dyspnea degree score(mMRC)were compared between the two groups after treatment.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 81.54%in the control group and 93.85%in the observation group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the two groups compared with the control group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the observation group compared with the control group.Compared with before treatment,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values in 2 groups were increased(P<0.05),and the two indexes in observation group were better than control group(P<0.05),the differences were statistically significant.MMRC score in 2 groups was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05),and the improvement of mMRC score in observation group was significantly better than that in control group(P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:Acupoint massage combined with acupoint application can effectively improve the lung function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,relieve patients with dyspnea,achieve the purpose of promoting pulmonary rehabilitation,clinical efficacy is positive,worthy of promotion.

Microbiota enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis-secreted BFT-1 promotes breast cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance through its functional receptor NOD1

Tumor-resident microbiota in breast cancer promotes cancer initiation and malignant progression.However,targeting microbiota to improve the effects of breast cancer therapy has not been investigated in detail.Here,we evaluated the microbiota composition of breast tumors and found that enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis(ETBF)was highly enriched in the tumors of patients who did not respond to taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.ETBF,albeit at low biomass,secreted the toxic protein BFT-1 to promote breast cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance.Mechanistic studies showed that BFT-1 directly bound to NOD1 and stabilized NOD1 protein.NOD1 was highly expressed on ALDH+breast cancer stem cells(BCSCs)and cooperated with GAK to phosphorylate NUMB and promote its lysosomal degradation,thereby activating the NOTCH1-HEY1 signaling pathway to increase BCSCs.NOD1 inhibition and ETBF clearance increase the chemosensitivity of breast cancer by impairing BCSCs.

Construction of Prediction Model of Foodborne Disease Outbreaks and Its Trend Prediction—Guizhou Province,China,2023-2025

Objective:Foodborne diseases pose a significant public health concern globally.This study aims to analyze the correlation between disease prevalence and climatic conditions,forecast the pattern of foodborne disease outbreaks,and offer insights for effective prevention and control strategies and optimizing health resource allocation policies in Guizhou Province.Methods:This study utilized theχ^(2) test and four comprehensive prediction models to analyze foodborne disease outbreaks recorded in the Guizhou Foodborne Disease Outbreak system between 2012 and 2022.The best-performing model was chosen to forecast the trend of foodborne disease outbreaks in Guizhou Province,2023-2025.Results:Significant variations were observed in the incidence of foodborne disease outbreaks in Guizhou Province concerning various meteorological factors(all P≤0.05).Among all models,the SARIMA-ARIMAX combined model demonstrated the most accurate predictive performance(RMSE:Prophet model=67.645,SARIMA model=3.953,ARIMAX model=26.544,SARIMA-ARIMAX model=26.196;MAPE:Prophet model=42.357%,SARIMA model=37.740%,ARIMAX model=15.289%,SARIMA-ARIMAX model=13.961%).Conclusion:The analysis indicates that foodborne disease outbreaks in Guizhou Province demonstrate distinct seasonal patterns.It is recommended to concentrate prevention efforts during peak periods.The SARIMA-ARIMAX hybrid model enhances the precision of monthly forecasts for foodborne disease outbreaks,offering valuable insights for future prevention and control strategies.

Prealbumin as a prognostic indicator for hospital readmission of ulcerative colitis patients

Dear Editor,Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)such as ulcerative colitis(UC)and Crohn's disease are affecting increasing numbers of patients worldwide.1 These chronic diseases significantly impact patients'quality of life as they are incurable and disabling.1 Patients with IBD have had an increasing rate of hospitalizations,half of all UC patients are hospitalized at least once during their lifetime,and readmissions after a UC-related hospitalization are common.

T lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa: defense and tolerance

Although lymphocytes are known to circulate throughout lymphoid tissues and blood,they also establish residency in nonlymphoid organs,most prominently in barrier tissues,such as the intestines.The adaptation of T lymphocytes to intestinal environments requires constant discrimination between natural stimulation from commensal flora and food and pathogens that need to be cleared.Genetic variations that cause a defective defense or a break in tolerance along with environmental cues,such as infection or imbalances in the gut microbiota known as dysbiosis,can trigger several immune disorders via the activation of T lymphocytes in the intestines.Elucidation of the immune mechanisms that distinguish between commensal flora and pathogenic organisms may reveal therapeutic targets for the prevention or modulation of inflammatory diseases and boost the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.In this review,we discuss the development and adaptation of T lymphocytes in the intestine,how these cells protect the host against pathogenic infections while tolerating food antigens and commensal microbiota,and the potential implications of targeting these cells for disease management and therapeutics.

Double Plasma Molecular Adsorption System with Sequential Low-dose Plasma Exchange in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-related Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure:A Prospective Study

Background and Aims:To investigate the safety and efficacy of double plasma molecular adsorption system(DPMAS)with sequential low-dose plasma exchange(LPE)in treating early hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF).Methods:Clinical data of patients with HBVACLF were prospectively collected,including patients in a DPMAS with sequential LPE(DPMAS+LPE)group and those in a standard medical treatment(SMT)group.The primary endpoint was death or liver transplantation(LT)at 12 weeks of follow-up.Propensity-score matching was performed to control the effects of confounding factors on prognosis between the two groups.Results:After 2 weeks,total bilirubin,alanine aminotransferase,blood urea nitrogen levels,and Chinese Group on the Study of Severe Hepatitis B score,were significantly lower in the DPMAS+LPE group than those in the SMT group(p<0.05).After 4 weeks,laboratory parameters of the two groups were similar.The cumulative survival rate of the DPMAS+LPE group was significantly higher than that of the SMT group at 4 weeks(97.9%vs.85.4%,p=0.027),but not at 12 weeks(85.4%vs.83.3%,p=0.687).Cytokine levels were significantly lower in 12-week survival group than in the death-or-LT group(p<0.05).Functional enrichment analysis showed that downregulated cytokines were mainly involved in positive regulation of proliferation and activation of lymphocytes and monocytes,regulation of immune effect response,regulation of endotoxin response,and glial cell proliferation.Conclusion:DPMAS+LPE significantly improved the 4-week cumulative survival rate,and ameliorated the inflammatory response in patients.DPMAS+LPE may be a promising modality for patients with early HBV-ACLF.

Microbial sensing in the intestine

The gut microbiota plays a key role in host health and disease,particularly through their interactions with the immune system.Intestinal homeostasis is dependent on the symbiotic relationships between the host and the diverse gut microbiota,which is influenced by the highly co-evolved immune-microbiota interactions.The first step of the interaction between the host and the gut microbiota is the sensing of the gut microbes by the host immune system.In this review,we describe the cells of the host immune system and the proteins that sense the components and metabolites of the gut microbes.We further highlight the essential roles of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs),the G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs),aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AHR)and the nuclear receptors expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells(IECs)and the intestine-resident immune cells.We also discuss the mechanisms by which the disruption of microbial sensing because of genetic or environmental factors causes human diseases such as the inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).

The latest breakthrough on NLRP6 inflammasome

NLRP6,a Nod-like receptor family member,has been shown to affect intestinal homeostasis and microbial colonization through organizing a huge protein complex called inflammasome.NLRP6 inflammasome promotes the cleavage and secretion of inflammatory cytokines or the cleavage of pore-forming Gasdermin D to initiate the inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis,which plays important roles in responding to pathogen invasion.However,questions about the ligand(s)that trigger NLRP6 inflammasome activation,or the mechanisms that how a ligand triggers NLRP6 inflammasome assembly,are emerging.In this mini-review,we summarize the current understandings of ligand recognition of NLRP6,the role of liquid-liquid phase separation in NLRP6 inflammasome assembly,and potential links with human health and diseases.

Serum from Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure Patients May Affect Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation by Impairing the Immunosuppressive Function of Cells

Background and Aims:The safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)in the treatment of acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)have been validated.However,the impact of the pathological ACLF microenvironment on MSCs is less well understood.This study was designed to explore the changes in the functional properties of MSCs exposed to ACLF serum.Methods:MSCs were cultured in the presence of 10%,30%and 50%serum concentrations from ACLF patients and healthy volunteers.Then,the cell morphology,phenotype,apoptosis and proliferation of MSCs were evaluated,including the immunosuppressive effects.Subsequently,mRNA sequencing analysis was used to identify the molecules and pathways involved in MSC functional changes in the context of ACLF.Results:In the presence of ACLF serum,MSC morphology significantly changed but phenotype did not.Besides,MSC proliferation activity was weakened,while the apoptosis rate was lightly increased.Most importantly,the immunosuppressive function of MSCs was enhanced in a lowconcentration serum environment but transformed into a proinflammatory response in a high-concentration serum environment.RNA sequencing indicated that 10%serum concentration from ACLF patients mediated the PI3K-Akt pathway to enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of MSCs,while the 50%serum concentration from ACLF patients promoted the conversion of MSCs into a proinflammatory function by affecting the cell cycle.Conclusions:The 50%ACLF serum concentration is more similar to the environment in the human body,which means that direct peripheral blood intravenous infusion of MSCs may reduce the effect of transplantation.Combining treatments of plasma exchange to reduce harmful substances in serum may promote MSCs to exert a stronger anti-inflammatory effect.

m^(6)A mRNA modification potentiates Th17 functions to inflame autoimmunity

N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),the most common and abundant epigenetic RNA modification,governs mRNA metabolism to determine cell differentiation,proliferation and response to stimulation.m^(6)A methyltransferase METTL3 has been reported to control T cell homeostasis and sustain the suppressive function of regulatory T cells(Tregs).However,the role of m^(6)A methyltransferase in other subtypes of T cells remains unknown.T helper cells 17(Th17)play a pivotal role in host defense and autoimmunity.Here,we found that the loss of METTL3 in T cells caused serious defect of Th17 cell differentiation,and impeded the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).We generated Mettl3f/fIl17aCre mice and observed that METTL3 deficiency in Th17 cells significantly suppressed the development of EAE and displayed less Th17 cell infiltration into central nervous system(CNS).Importantly,we demonstrated that depletion of METTL3 attenuated IL-17A and CCR5 expression by facilitating SOCS3 mRNA stability in Th17 cells,leading to disrupted Th17 cell differentiation and infiltration,and eventually attenuating the process of EAE.Collectively,our results highlight that m^(6)A modification sustains Th17 cell function,which provides new insights into the regulatory network of Th17 cells,and also implies a potential therapeutic target for Th17 cell mediated autoimmune disease.