Health promotion and education proposal among Chinese female college students:eliminating cervical cancer is no longer a dream

Cervical cancer is a serious threat to women’s health.Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus(HPV)infection is a necessary factor for cervical cancer development and has become a serious public health threat to women.At present,young women have become a high-risk group for potential HPV infection.HPV vaccination is an effective method to prevent HPV infection and related diseases and is a primary preventive measure for HPV infection-related diseases.This study explores the influencing factors of female college students’willingness to receive HPV vaccination,their ability to understand college students’HPV awareness,their motivation for HPV vaccination,their behavioral skills related to HPV vaccination,their willingness to receive HPV vaccination and their vaccination rate.The aim of this study was to increase the HPV vaccination rate of Chinese female college students through health education programs and thus reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.

Clinical observation of endometrial prescription combined with TAM on FET of thin endometrial patients with kidney deficiency and blood stasis

Objective:To explore the best endometrial preparation scheme of freeze-thawed embryo transfer(FET)for patients with thin endometrium with kidney deficiency and blood stasis by comparing the clinical outcomes of three endometrial preparation schemes of estradiol valerate tablets Hormone Replacement(HRT),Tamoxifen(TAM)and Endometrial Prescription combined with TAM(EP-TAM group).Method:Retrospective analysis of 318 patients with thin endometrium with kidney deficiency and blood stasis who underwent FET in Changle People's Hospital of Shandong Province,Shandong Maternal and Child Health Hospital,and Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from September 2018 to March 2023,including 101 patients in HRT group(estradiol valerate tablets);108 patients in TAM group;109 patients in EP-TAM group.The cycle cancellation rate,intimal thickness,clinical pregnancy rate,embryo implantation rate,early abortion rate and ectopic pregnancy rate were compared among the three groups.Result:Cycle cancellation rates of TAM group and EP-TAM group were significantly lower than HRT group(8.3%,9.2%vs 17.8%,P<0.05).The intimal thickness of TAM group[(8.11±0.36)mm]and EP-TAM group[(8.21±0.40)mm]was significantly thicker than HRT group[(7.11±0.43)mm](P<0.05).The clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate of TAM group and EP-TAM group were higher than HRT group,the early abortion rate and ectopic pregnancy rate were lower than HRT group,and EP-TAM group was more significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Patients with thin endometrium underwent FET can try Endometrium Prescription combined with TAM(EP-TAM)to prepare the endometrium.

Programmed death-1 expression is associated with the disease status in hepatitis B virus infection

AIM： TO define the potential role of programmed death-i/programmed death-ligand （PD-1/PD-L） pathway in different hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection disease status; we examined the expression of PD-1 on antigen specific CD8＋T cells in peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B （CriB） and acute exacerbation of hepatitis B （AEHB） infection. METHODS： The PD-1 level on CD8＋ T lymphocytes and the number of HBV specific CD8＋ T lymphocytes in patients and healthy controls （HCs） were analyzed by staining with pentameric peptide-human leukocyte antigen2 （HLA2） complexes combined with flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was used to measure the serum HBV- DNA levels. RESULTS： The level of PD-1 expression on total CD8＋ T cells in CHB patients （13.86% ± 3.38%） was significantly higher than that in AEHB patients （6.80%± 2.19%, P 〈 0.01） and healthy individuals （4.63% ± 1.23%, P 〈 0.01）. Compared to AEHB patients （0.81% ± 0.73%）, lower frequency of HBV-specific CD8＋ T cells was detected in chronic hepatitis B patients （0.37% ± 0.43%, P 〈 0.05）. There was an inverse correlation between the strength of HBV-specific CD8＋ T-cell response and the level of PD-1 expression. Besides, there was a significant positive correlation between HBV viral load and the percentage of PD-1 expression on CD8＋ T cells in CriB and AEHB subjects （R = 0.541, P 〈 0.01）. However, PD-1 expression was not associated with disease flare-ups as indicated by alanine aminotransferase （ALT） levels （R = 0.066, P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Our results confirm previous reports that HBV specific CD8＋T-cell response in the peripheral blood is more intense in patients with AEHB than in chronic hepatitis B wlth persistent viral infection. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between the level of PD-1 and the intensity of virus specific CD8＋ T cell response.

Alterations of biliary biochemical constituents and cytokines in infantile hepatitis syndrome

AIM: To investigate the biliary biochemical constituents and cytokines in infantile hepatitis syndrome (IHS). METHODS: From 42 IHS subjects and 21 controls, serum and biliary biochemical constituents, including total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), total bile acid (TBA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) both in bile and serum, were assayed. The subjects with IHS were divided into a cholestasis group (n = 21) and a hepatitis group (n = 21). RESULTS: In the cholestasis group, serum TBIL, DBIL, ALT, γ-GT, TBA, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were higher than those in the control (P < 0.01); and also the biliary TBIL, DBIL, γ-GT and TBA levels were lower than those in the control, whereas biliary IL-6 and TNF-α levels were higher than those in the control (P < 0.01). In the cholestasis group, serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were lower than those in bile (P < 0.01). In the hepatitis group, serum DBIL, ALT, γ-GT, TBA, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were higher than those in the control (P < 0.01 or 140.57 ± 70.32 vs 79.06 ± 35.25, P < 0.05), while biliary TBIL, DBIL, γ-GT and TBA levels were lower than those in the control (P < 0.01), and biliary IL-6 and TNF-α levels were higher than those in the control (P < 0.01). In the hepatitis group, serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were also lower than those in bile (P < 0.01). Serum TBIL, DBIL, γ-GT, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the cholestasis group were higher than those in the hepatitis group, while biliary IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the cholestasis group were higher than those in the hepatitisgroup. Biliary IL-6 and TNF-α were found to be more significantly increased than serum IL-6 and TNF-α in IHS (P < 0.01). The biliary IL-6 and TNF-α levels were positively correlated with serum DBIL, TBA and γ-GT levels in IHS subjects. CONCLUSION: Biliary biochemical constituents alter in coincidence with pathological changes in hepatocellular injury. Cholestasis is more serious in IHS patients of cholestasis subtype. Assay of biliary IL-6 and TNF-α levels can be specific and sensitive to determine the inflammatory status of impaired liver in IHS.

Expression of HBsAg and HBcAg in the ovaries and ova of patients with chronic hepatitis B

AIM： To investigate the expression and distribution of HBV in the ovaries and ova. METHODS： The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the HBsAg and HBcAg in the ovaries of patients with chronic hepatitis B. RESULTS： Expression of HBsAg in the ova, granular and interstitial cells of the ovaries was located in the cytomembrane and cytoplasm. Expression of HBcAg in the ova, granular, interstitial and endothelial cells of interstitial blood vessels of the ovaries was found in the cytomembrane, cytoplasm, and nuclei. CONCLUSION： HBV can infect the ova at different stages of development and replicate in it. 2005 The W3G Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Giant magneto impedance effect of Co-rich amorphous fibers under magnetic interaction

The quasi-metallic fibers were selected from 1 to 40 pieces and connected in parallel in this study.The giant magneto impedance(GMI)effect of Co-based melt extract fibers in the bundle mode was investigated,and the distribution of the surface circumferential magnetic field on the fibers was also analyzed.Such distribution was induced by the driving current,which gave rise to the circular magnetization process and the GMI effect.The improved GMI effect with much higher field sensitivity was observed in these fiber bundles.Results show that the field sensitivities of the four-fiber and six-fiber bundles reach 19.5 V·m·kA−1(at 1 MHz)and 30.8 V·m·kA−1(at 5 MHz).The circumferential magnetic field distributed throughout the fiber’s circumferential surface is rearranged and becomes uneven due to the magnetic interaction among fibers.There are both strengthened and weakened magnetic field parts around these fibers’surfaces.The strengthened magnetic field improves the circumferential domain magnetization of the surface,resulting in larger GMI effects.However,the weakened parts inhibit the circumferential magnetization process and,therefore,the GMI effect.This also induces greater magnetization damp because of the increased domain interactions under the strong skin effect.The co-effect between the magnetic domains and the circumferential magnetization induces the optimization of the GMI effect in the four-fiber bundles.The observed GMI effect proves that fibers in bundle form can modify the sensitivity of the GMI effect.Moreover,different fiber bundles could be tuned according to the working conditions in order to manipulate the GMI response.

Auricular acupoint application combined with Fujing prescription treatment for patients with premature ovarian failure

Background:To study the efficacy of Fujing prescription combined with auricular acupoint application in premature ovarian failure and its effect on hormone levels.Methods:From March 2018 to March 2020,100 patients with premature ovarian failure treated in our outpatient clinic were selected and randomly divided into a control group of 50 cases and a treatment group of 50 cases.The control group was treated with Femoston for 28 consecutive days,and the treatment group was treated with not only Femoston,but also Fujing prescription and auricular acupoint application.The patients in the two groups were treated with a 3-month course of treatment.The clinical efficacy,traditional Chinese medicine integral,serum hormone level,immune index and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the indexes of IgG,IgM and IgA in the treatment group were all increased(P<0.05 for all);compared with the control group,the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of Fujing prescription and auricular acupoint application in the treatment of premature ovarian failure can improve patients'clinical symptoms significantly,resulting in a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone levels and an increase in estrogen levels.The combination of Fujing prescription and acupoint application has provided a clinical basis for the TCM treatment of premature ovarian failure.

Thermal stability, crystallization, and magnetic properties of FeNiBCuNb alloys

Amorphous(Fe40Ni40B19Cu1)100-xNbx(x=1,3,5,7)ribbons are prepared by using the melt-spinning method.We find that the glass forming ability(GFA)of the as-melt spun ribbons is significantly improved by adding Nb element.In addition,the thermal stability evaluated in steps of△T=Tx2-Tx1 effectively increases from 16 K to 75 K with Nb content increasing.The as-melt spun(Fe40Ni40B19Cu1)97 Nb3 ribbon exhibits a lowest coercivity of 2 A/m and relatively large saturation magnetization of 103.7 A·m^2/kg and thus it can be further treated by being annealed at 809 K.The crystallization behavior is confirmed to be determined by two individual crystallization processes corresponding to the precipitation of(Fe,Ni)23 B6 phase andγ-(Fe,Ni)phase.With increasing annealing time,the single(Fe,Ni)23B6 phase can be transformed into a mixture of(Fe,Ni)23B6 andγ-(Fe,Ni)phase,and the grain size ofγ-(Fe,Ni)phase increases from 5 nm to 80 nm while the grain size of(Fe,Ni)23B6 remains almost unchanged.Finally,we find that the grain growth in each of(Fe,Ni)23B6 andγ-(Fe,Ni)deteriorates the overall magnetic properties.

Frequency dependence of magnetization and giant magneto impedance effect of amorphous wires

The frequency dependence of magnetization process and giant magneto impedance （GMI） effect of Co-rich melt-extracted amorphous wires was studied by Kerr effect and impedance analyzer, respectively. It is demonstrated that the transverse Kerr intensity and the corresponding GMI response increase with increasing frequency, which contributes to the upgraded skin effect. However, the skin depth has a slothful trend with frequency when it is up to the megahertz range, which gives rise to the transformation of magnetization. The process is much more sensitive to the direct current magnetic field and the sensitive change of the circular permeability, and GMI response is observed as its consequence. This proves that the evolution of circumferential magnetization and the corresponding permeability with the direct current magnetic field is the essence of GMI response, and a much more sensitive magnetization promises a better GMI response.

Superelasticity of Cu–Ni–Al shape-memory fibers prepared by melt extraction technique

In the paper, a melt extraction method was used to fabricate Cu–4Ni–14Al（wt%） fiber materials with diameters between 50 and 200 μm. The fibers exhibited superelasticity and temperature-induced martensitic transformation. The microstructures and superelasticity behavior of the fibers were studied via scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and a dynamic mechanical analyzer（DMA）, respectively. Appropriate heat treatment further improves the plasticity of Cu-based alloys. The serration behavior observed during the loading process is due to the multiple martensite phase transformation.

Progress in treatment of premature ovarian failure using Chinese andwestern medicine

Premature ovarian failure (POF) refers to ovarian failure in patients before the age of 40, which is manifested by aseries of symptoms such as hot flashes, hyperhidrosis, facial flushing, low sexual desire, amenorrhea, etc.Gynecological endocrine tests show that estrogen level of patients decreases while follicle stimulating hormonelevel increases, affecting pregnancy of women of childbearing age and seriously causing changes in the quality oflife of patients. The causes of POF are complex with poor therapeutic effect, which seriously endangers thephysical and mental health of patients. This paper summarized the a general description of Chinese medicine (CM)and Western medicine (WM) treating POF from the aspects of clinical application according to the existingliterature. Although WM can significantly contribute to the treatment of POF, the side effects are serious bylong-term application. CM has unique advantages, including reduced adverse reactions and higher patientcompliance. It may also fill in the shortcomings of WM in the intermittent period treatment of POF. Thecombination of Chinese and western medicine has proven to become an important direction for POF treatment.

Studies on the correlation between human papilloma virus vaccine and premature ovarian failure

Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumour of the female reproductive system,resulting in more than 500,000 new cases annually worldwide.In developing countries,cervical cancer ranks second in terms of cancer mortality among women.Human papilloma virus is the primary causative agent of cervical cancer,with approximately 70 percent of cervical cancers caused by high-risk types of human papilloma virus 16 and 18.There are currently three types of human papilloma virus vaccines available:bivalent,quadri-valent and nine-valent.However,in recent years,it is reported that cervical cancer vaccine can cause premature ovarian failure.Consequently,an extensive literature search to find out the correlation between human papilloma virus vaccine and premature ovarian failure became a priority.There is no sufficient evidence to support or prove that there is a link between the human papilloma virus vaccine and premature ovarian failure.Hence,the vaccine does not cause premature ovarian failure.

A study on the pattern of medication used by famous Chinese gynecologists in the treatment of dysmenorrhea based on the data mining method

Objective:To explore the pattern of medication used in the treatment of dysmenorrhea by famous Chinese gynecologists based on the data mining method.Method:The electronic search of the Chinese journal full-text database CNKI,WIP database,Wanfang database,and biomedical database was used to download the experience awareness of famous Chinese gynecologists on the literature of dysmenorrhea treatment,including the self-experience introduction of Chinese gynecologists and the experience summary of students.Conduct a manual search to extract relevant literature on dysmenorrhea treatment.An Excel sheet was used to create a statistical summary table from which all data collected were classified into dysmenorrhea,TCM diagnosis,Western medicine diagnosis,TCM evidence differentiation,and high-frequency pharmacological gender classification.Statistical methods were used to perform frequency statistics for all syndromes,formulations and herbal medicines and to apply association rules to mine potential connections between two diseases,syndromes,prescriptions and herbal medicines to summarize the pharmacological patterns of TCM gynecology treatment of dysmenorrhea.The method was used to provide evidence for differentiation and drug ideas and to improve the efficacy of the clinical treatment of dysmenorrhea.Results:Among the 50 gynecologists in The Experience of Famous Chinese Gynecologists,153 journal articles and 22 monographs that met the requirements were collected,and the total number of prescriptions finally collected was 715.A total of 294 medical cases were included,and the high-risk age group for the onset of dysmenorrhea was concentrated between 27–36 years old.The types of dysmenorrhea can be categorized into eight types,and the number of occurrences in descending order:Qi stagnation and blood stasis,cold clotting and blood stasis,kidney deficiency and blood stasis,heat burning and blood stasis,Qi and blood deficiency,damp-heat stasis,Qi deficiency and blood stasis,and liver and kidney deficiency.Famous TCM gynecologists used 296 kinds of herbs for treating dysmenorrhea,with a total drug frequency of 8020 times,of which the total frequency of the top 100 herbs was 7355 times,accounting for 91.71%of the total frequency.Conclusion:(1)Famous Chinese gynecologists treat dysmenorrhea with the guiding principle of"if it does not pass,it hurts;if it does not glory,it hurts".Blood stasis is the main type of dysmenorrhea,and the method of activating blood stasis is the main treatment for dysmenorrhea.(2)Dysmenorrhea is mainly caused by real evidence,among which primary dysmenorrhea can be caused by real evidence,deficiency evidence and mixed evidence of deficiency and real,and the prescriptions used are mainly sutra prescriptions;secondary dysmenorrhea is mainly caused by real evidence and mixed evidence of deficiency and real,and the prescriptions used are mainly empirical prescriptions and are often used together with drugs to disperse nodules.(3)Commonly used herbal medicines for treating dysmenorrhea include Danggui,Baishao,Chuanxiong,Xiangfu,Yanhusuo,Chishao,Gancao and Wulingzhi.Common classic formulas include Siwu Tang,Wenjing Tang,Shixiao San,Shaofuzhuyu Tang,Sini San,Jinlingzi San,and Xiaoyao San.Typical experienced formulas:Neiyi 1 Fang,Neiyi 2 Fang,Neiyi 3 Fang,Jiaweimojie Tang,Bailiansanjie Tang,Neiyizhitong Tang,Huoxuequyuhuazheng Tang,etc.

Crystalline,Rheological and Mechanical Enhancement in PBAT/PPC/Silica Nanocomposites with Double Percolation Network

Nanocomposites of blends of biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)and sustainable poly(propylene carbonate)(PPC)with nanosilica were prepared by melt compounding method.PBAT/PPC blend was partially miscible system with sea-island structure,and nanosilica particles were selectively dispersed in the continuous phase PBAT matrix to form the double percolation network.The introduction of nanosilica into PBAT/PPC blend reduced the size of dispersed PPC phase,promoted the crystallization of PBAT in the nanocomposites,and increased the storage modulus of the nanocomposites.The study of rheological behaviors indicated that the double percolation network was formed at the nanosilica loading of 5 wt%,as a result,the nanocomposites exhibited the solid-like viscoelastic behavior and their relaxation time was extended.With the increase of the nanosilica content,the PBAT/PPC/silica nanocomposites displayed increased Young's modulus and yield strength.

Giant magneto-impedance effect of two paralleled amorphous microwires

Giant magneto-impedance （GMI） is effectively enhanced by the mutual magnetic interaction between two amorphous microwires. A comparative study on GMI properties of a single wire and two wires arranged in par- allel mode was reported in this work. Two-peak （TP） of impedance characteristic is presented when the dc external field changed from 0 to 320 A,m-＇ in two-wire system, which is attributed to successive magnetization process in two wires induced by their magnetic interaction. And the evolution of single peak to TP phenomenon, when the distance between two wires is upto 8 ram, evidences a distance dependence of transformation from successive magnetization to simultaneous via a corresponding dis- tance dependence of magnetostatic interactions. It is pro- posed that the recombination of magnetic interaction and the shielding effect results in a distance dependency of GMI response. When the distance is 8 ram, the magneti- zation process is close to synchronous between two wires, which give rises to higher circular permeability and better GMI response. The impedance ratio AZ/Z increases from 74.5 % of single wire to 172.4 % at 10 MHz. However, when the distance is upto 12 mm, the magnetic interaction is weak and magnetization process is completely independent, and GMI response decreases, relatively. This indicates that the GMI response could be effectively improved in a two-wire connection with an optical distance, which is promising and useful for the application of high-performance GMI sensors.

Synthesis and Optical Properties of Hyperbranched PAEKs Containing Porphyrin and Its Metal Derivatives

Novel functional hyperbranched poly（aryl ether ketone）s （HPAEKs） bonded with nonlinear optical chromophores （meso-tetrakis（4-hydroxyphenyl） porphyrin, THPP and its metal derivatives） were synthesized and characterized by IH-NMR and UV-Vis absorption spectra. The incorporation of chromophores into HPAEKs endowed HPAEKs novel NLO and OL properties. Indeed, dendritic architecture allowed for maximum dispersion of the chromophores, avoided aggregation, more optical limiting property was obtained. Simultaneously, they retained the excellent properties of the materials, particularly in thermal stability. Their optical properties were evaluated by nonlinear optical analyses and optical limiting. The results showed that these polymers possessed good optical limiting （OL） property and large nonlinear optical （NLO） susceptibilities （ca. 10-12 esu）. All polymers containing chromophores presented excellent thermal stability （DT5 〉 524.17 ℃）.

Comparison of existing prognostic models in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

To the Editor:Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia(CMML)is characterized by both myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS)and myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPNs).[1]The rare incidence of CMML leads to the difficulty to establish the standard criteria of diagnosis and specific treatment paradigms,and the accurate prognostic scores are required for appropriate treatment paradigms.

Influence of distance between paralleled metal fibers on giant magnetoimpedance

Giant magnetoimpedance （GMI） and the GMI effect of a Co-based fiber beam were investigated in the frequency range of 0.1-10 MHz, and the influence of distance between adjacent fibers on the distribution of the surface circumferential magnetic field and GMI effect was analyzed. Compared with a single fiber, the distribution of the surface magnetic field of paralleled fibers is non-uniform, induced by magnetic interaction between metal fibers. The originally uniformly dis- tributed circumferential magnetic field changes into two obvious coexisting parts： one stronger and one weaker. The results prove that the strengthened circumferential magnetic field determines the GMI effect and sensitivity. It is found that the maximum surface of the circumferential magnetic field is reinforced by 88% when the four fibers are as closely parallel as possible; the GMI effect is greatest under higher field sensitivity. At 5 MHz, the sensitivity of the four-fiber beam reaches 3090 V/T, an increase of 277% compared with a single fiber. However, the magnetic interaction fades with the increase in distance between fibers and as the distribution of the surface magnetic field becomes even. The maximum magnetic field also becomes gradually equal to the level of a single fiber. When the distance is 1 mm, the maximum surface magnetic field is increased by 3.2%, and the improvement in the GMI effect is correspondingly slight. Therefore, a strong magnetic interaction among fibers can improve the intensity of the surface circumferential magnetic field and give rise to a fine GMI effect and high field sensitivity in Co-based metal fibers.