Bi Nanoparticles Anchored in N-Doped Porous Carbon as Anode of High Energy Density Lithium Ion Battery

A novel bismuth–carbon composite, in which bismuth nanoparticles were anchored in a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix(Bi@NC), is proposed as anode for high volumetric energy density lithium ion batteries(LIBs).Bi@NC composite was synthesized via carbonization of Zn-containing zeolitic imidazolate(ZIF-8) and replacement of Zn with Bi, resulting in the N-doped carbon that was hierarchically porous and anchored with Bi nanoparticles. The matrix provides a highly electronic conductive network that facilitates the lithiation/delithiation of Bi.Additionally, it restrains aggregation of Bi nanoparticles and serves as a buffer layer to alleviate the mechanical strain of Bi nanoparticles upon Li insertion/extraction.With these contributions, Bi@NC exhibits excellent cycling stability and rate capacity compared to bare Bi nanoparticles or their simple composites with carbon. This study provides a new approach for fabricating high volumetric energy density LIBs.

A Brief Analysis of the Influence of Online Media on Fashion Design

The 21 st century is a time of digitization and infurmationization. Online media have been going forward rapidly and have penetrated into various aspects of people＇ s life, thus having a significant impact on people＇ s production and life. Under such circumstance, traditional fashion indnstry has also been influenced by online media and has gradually transformed to digitalization. Fashion design is likely to get away from simplex manual design and to transform to the design method of man-machine synergy. The introduction of network technique into fashion design will bring vast potential for future development of fashion design.

细胞自噬调控在肿瘤中作用的研究进展

自噬是溶酶体介导的细胞自行消化,其构成了一个被损坏的细胞器和长寿命蛋白质的循环动态途径,在机体内环境稳态和肿瘤发生机制中发挥着重大作用,以保证细胞在营养不足、肿瘤微环境等应激条件下可获得持续利用的能量,并以此来维持体内平衡及生存能力。自噬不仅依赖于肿瘤中的环境、细胞种类和阶段,而且还受肿瘤细胞与微环境之间相互串扰的调节。自噬在肿瘤的早期阶段能抑制肿瘤发生,然而肿瘤晚期阶段自噬促进肿瘤发生,并增加肿瘤细胞生长和转移。本文将就自噬机制及其在肿瘤细胞增殖发展中的作用进行综述,深入研究自噬在癌症生物学中作用,有助于针对自噬相关靶点抗肿瘤的新药设计和临床转化研究。

Metal-organic framework composites for energy conversion and storage

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with orderly porous structure,large surface area,high electrochemical response and chemical tunability have been widely studied for energy conversion and storage.However,most reported MOFs still suffer from poor stability,insufficient conductivity,and low utilization of active sites.One strategy to circumvent these issues is to optimize MOFs via designing composites.Here,the design principle from the viewpoint of the intrinsic relationships among various components will be illuminated to acquire the synergistic effects,including two working modes:(1)MOFs with assistant components,(2)MOFs with other function components.This review introduces recent research progress of MOF-based composites with their typical applications in energy conversion(catalysis)and storage(supercapacitor and ion battery).Finally,the challenges and future prospects of MOF-based composites will be discussed in terms of maximizing composite properties.

Sentinel Lymph Node Identification in Endometrial Cancer

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of intra-operativedetection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in the patient withendometrial cancer (EC).METHODS Thirty-one patients with Stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ endometrialcancer, who underwent a hysterectomy and a lymphadenectomy,were enrolled in the study. At laparotomy, methylene blue dyetracer was injected into the subserosal myometrium of corpusuteri at multiple sites, and dye uptake into the lymphatic channelswas observed. The blue nodes which were identified as SLNs weretraced and excised. The other nodes were then removed. All of theexcised nodes were submitted for pathological hematoxylin andeosin (H&E) staining examination.RESULTS Failure of dye uptake occurred in 4 of the 31 cases(12.9%) because of spillage, and no lymphatic coloration wasobserved there. Lymphatic staining was clearly observable as bluedye diffused to the lymphatic channels of the uterine surface andthe infundibulopelvic ligaments in 27 (87.1%) cases. Concurrentcoloration in the pelvic lymphatic vessels was also observed in 22of the 27 patients. The SLNs were identified in 23 of the 27 (85.2%)cases with a lymphatic staining, with a total number of 90 SLNs,and a mean of 3.9 in each case (range, 1-10). Besides one SLN (1.1%)in the para-aortic area, the other 89 (98.9%) were in the nodes ofthe pelvis. The most dense locations of SLNs included obturator in38 (42.2%) and interiliac in 19 (21.1%) cases. In our group, pelviclymphadenectomy was conducted in 27 (87.1%) patients andpelvic nodal sampling in 4 (12.9%). Of the 31 cases, a concurrentabdominal para-aortic lymph node sampling was conducted in7. A total of 926 nodes were harvested, with an average of 39.8 ineach case (range, 14-55). Nodal metastases occurred in 3 patients(9.7%), 2 of them with SLN involvement and the other withoutSLN involvement. Adverse reactions or injury related to the studywas not found.CONCLUSION Application of methylene blue dye is feasible inan intra-operative SLN identification of endometrial cancer. Thetechnology is convenient, safe, and worth further investigation.

A Stability Estimate for an Inverse Problem of Determining a Coefficient in a Hyperbolic Equation with a Point Source

For the solution toαt^(2)u(x,t)-△u(x,t)+q(x)u(x,t)=δ(x,t)and u|t<0=0,consider an inverse problem of determining q(x),x∈Ωfrom data f=u|sT and g=(σu/σn)|sT.HereΩ■{(X1,x2,x3)∈R^(3)|X1>0}is a bounded domain,ST={(x,t)|x∈a2,|x|<t<T+|x|},n=n(x)is the outward unit normal n to aΩ,and T>0.For suitable T>0,prove a Lipschitz stability estimation:||q1-q2||L^(2)(Ω)≤C{||f1-f2||H^(1)(ST)+||g1-g2||L^(2)(ST)},provided that q1 satisfies a priori uniform boundedness conditions and q2 satisfies apriori uniform smallness conditions,where ux is the solution to problem(1.1)withq=qk,k=1,2.

Modulating the alloying mode in the doping-induced synthesis of Au-Pd nanowires

Heterogeneous doping is one effective strategy for synthesizing metal alloy nanowires.Herein,the heterogeneous doping processes of Pd on the ultrathin Au nanowires were systematically modulated and investigated.Au-Pd alloy nanowires with various morphologies and lattice structures can be obtained by adjusting the morphology of the precursor Au nanowires and the kinetics of the heterogeneous doping processes.The effects of the rate of Pd reduction and the concentration of the ligand oleylamine(OAm)on the Pd deposition and alloying mode were articulated.Generally,as the Pd deposition rate decreases,the Pd deposition and alloying mode switches from the island-forming Stransky–Krastanov(SK)mode to the epitaxial Frank-van der Merwe(FM)mode,and eventually to an unconventional twisting alloying mode,where the interdiffusion of Pd and Au causes drastic rearrangement of the lattice structure and formation of helical structures.The kinetics-related variation of alloying mode could also be observed in the Au-Ag nanowires,demonstrating a general design principle for the synthesis of alloy nanostructures.In addition,the electrocatalytic performance of various Au-Pd nanowires was evaluated,and the alloy nanowire formed via the SK mode was found to be an excellent electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction and ethanol oxidation.

Variation in cis-regulation of a NAC transcription factor contributes to drought tolerance in wheat

Drought is a major environmental factor limiting wheat production worldwide,and developing drought-tolerant cultivars is a central challenge for wheat breeders globally.Therefore,it is important to identify genetic components determining drought tolerance in wheat.In this study,we identified a wheat NAC gene(TaNAC071-A)that is tightly associated with drought tolerance by a genome-wide association study.Knockdown of TaNAC071-A in wheat attenuated plant drought tolerance,whereas its overexpression significantly enhanced drought tolerance through improved water-use efficiency and increased expression of stress-responsive genes.This heightened water-saving mechanism mitigated the yield loss caused by water deficit.Further candidate gene association analysis showed that a 108-bp insertion in the promoter of TaNAC071-A alters its expression level and contributes to variation in drought tolerance among wheat accessions.This insertion contains two MYB cis-regulatory elements(CREs)that can be directly bound by the MYB transcription activator,TaMYBL1,thereby leading to increased TaNAC071-A expression and plant drought tolerance.Importantly,introgression of this 108-bp insertion allele,TaNAC071-AIn-693,into drought-sensitive cultivars could improve their drought tolerance,demonstrating that it is a valuable genetic resource for wheat breeding.Taken together,our findings highlight a major breakthrough in determining the genetic basis underlying phenotypic variation in wheat drought tolerance and showcase the potential of exploiting CRE-containing indels for improving important agronomical traits.

SRSF1 plays a critical role in invariant natural killer T cell development and function

Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are highly conserved innate-like T lymphocytes that originate from CD4^(+)CD8^(+)double-positive(DP)thymocytes.Here,we report that serine/arginine splicing factor 1(SRSF1)intrinsically regulates iNKT cell development by directly targeting Myb and balancing the abundance of short and long isoforms.Conditional ablation of SRSF1 in DP cells led to a substantially diminished iNKT cell pool due to defects in proliferation,survival,and TCRαrearrangement.The transition from stage 0 to stage 1 of iNKT cells was substantially blocked,and the iNKT2 subset was notably diminished in SRSF1-deficient mice.SRSF1 deficiency resulted in aberrant expression of a series of regulators that are tightly correlated with iNKT cell development and iNKT2 differentiation,including Myb,PLZF,Gata3,ICOS,and CD5.In particular,we found that SRSF1 directly binds and regulates pre-mRNA alternative splicing of Myb and that the expression of the short isoform of Myb is substantially reduced in SRSF1-deficient DP and iNKT cells.Strikingly,ectopic expression of the Myb short isoform partially rectified the defects caused by ablation of SRSF1.Furthermore,we confirmed that the SRSF1-deficient mice exhibited resistance to acute liver injury uponα-GalCer and Con A induction.Our findings thus uncovered a previously unknown role of SRSF1 as an essential post-transcriptional regulator in iNKT cell development and functional differentiation,providing new clinical insights into iNKT-correlated disease.

Characterization of DNA damage response deficiency in pancreatic cancer patients from China

To the editor,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)has the worst prognosis among all common malignant solid tumors,with a 5-year overall survival(OS)rate of less than 10%[1].Few effective targets for anticancer ther-apy have been confirmed in pancreatic cancer.Recently,it was substantiated that pancreatic cancer patients carry-ing deleterious mutations of the DNA damage response(DDR)genes are more likely to benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy[2]and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitor[3].

The ABF transcription factor TaABF2 interacts with TaSnRK2s to ameliorate drought tolerance in wheat

As one of the main staple cereal crops,wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is cultivated worldwide,commonly in semi-arid or arid climates(Zhou et al.,2020;Mao et al.,2023).However,with increasingly severe weather events associated with global warming,drought stress presents a growing challenge to food security and production,to which arid regions may be especially vulnerable(Lesk et al.,2016;Eckardt et al.,2023).One key step in addressing this threat is to define the plant molecular mechanisms underlying drought stress response in order to improve crop resilience or tolerance to water deficit conditions(Zhang et al.,2021;He et al.,2024).Abscisic acid(ABA)is a key hormone in plants that regulates various physiological and molecular responses under drought stress,such as stomatal closure,gene activation,and cellular protection(Yoshida et al.,2015;Zhang et al.,2021).Essential to plant stress response are core mediators of the ABA signaling pathway,especially SNF1-related protein kinases 2s(SnRK2s)and ABA-response element(ABRE)-binding factors(ABFs)(Fujita et al.,2013;Yoshida et al.,2015).However,as of yet,the role of SnRK2s and ABFs in regulating drought response in wheat is not well understood.Here,our findings show that a TaSnRK2s-TaABF2 regulatory module can enhance tolerance to prolonged water deficit by directly modulating drought-responsive genes.