Predictors of complications after prophylactic ileostomy reversal for rectal cancer:A retrospective study

BACKGROUND Previous studies have analyzed the risk factors for complications after ileostomy reversal for rectal cancer(RC),but there were significant differences in the reported risk factors for complications after stoma reversal.No studies have analyzed the risk factors for stoma-related complications and overall postoperative com-plications separately.AIM To analyze the risk factors for overall complications and stoma-related complications after ileostomy reversal for patients with RC.METHODS This was a retrospective study of 439 patients who underwent ileostomy reversal at a clinical center and were followed up between September 2012 and September 2022.Continuous variables are expressed as the mean±SD and were analyzed with independent-sample t tests,while frequency variables are expressed as n(%),and theχ2 test or Fisher’s exact test was used.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of overall complications and stoma-related complications.RESULTS The overall complication rate after ileostomy reversal was 11.4%.Patients with lower preoperative albumin concentration(P<0.01),greater blood loss(P=0.017),and longer operative times(P<0.01)were more likely to experience postoperative complications.The incidence of stoma-related complications was 6.4%.Analysis of the study showed that a higher body mass index(BMI)(P<0.01),preoperative comorbid hypertension(P=0.049),time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal(P<0.01)and longer operation time(P=0.010)were more likely to result in stomarelated complications postoperatively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a lower preoperative albumin level(P<0.01,OR=0.888,95%CI:0.828-0.958)was an independent risk factor for overall complications.Moreover,multivariate analysis revealed that BMI(P<0.01,OR=1.176,95%CI:1.041-1.330)and time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal(P<0.01,OR=1.140,95%CI:1.038-1.252)were independent risk factors for stoma-related complications after stoma reversal.CONCLUSION The preoperative albumin level was a predictor of overall complications.Preoperative BMI and the time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal were predictors of stoma-related complications.

Network pharmacology-based exploration of molecular mechanisms underlying therapeutic effects of Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe on chronic heart failure with spleen Qi deficiency syndrome

BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome.The Chinese herbal compound preparation Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe has been used to treat chronic heart failure;however,the underlying molecular mechanism is still not clear.AIM To identify the effective active ingredients of Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe and explore its molecular mechanism in the treatment of chronic heart failure.METHODS The effective active ingredients of eight herbs composing Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform.The target genes of chronic heart failure were searched in the Genecards database.The target proteins of active ingredients were mapped to chronic heart failure target genes to obtain the common drugdisease targets,which were then used to construct a key chemical componenttarget network using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software.The protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the String database.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed through the Metascape database.Finally,our previously published relevant articles were searched to verify the results obtained via network pharmacology.RESULTS A total of 227 effective active ingredients for Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe were identified,of which quercetin,kaempferol,7-methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone,formononetin,and isorhamnetin may be key active ingredients and involved in the therapeutic effects of TCM by acting on STAT3,MAPK3,AKT1,JUN,MAPK1,TP53,TNF,HSP90AA1,p65,MAPK8,MAPK14,IL6,EGFR,EDN1,FOS,and other proteins.The pathways identified by KEGG enrichment analysis include pathways in cancer,IL-17 signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,calcium signaling pathway,cAMP signaling pathway,NF-kappaB signaling pathway,AMPK signaling pathway,etc.Previous studies on Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe suggested that this Chinese compound preparation can regulate the TNF-α,IL-6,MAPK,cAMP,and AMPK pathways to affect the mitochondrial structure of myocardial cells,oxidative stress,and energy metabolism,thus achieving the therapeutic effects on chronic heart failure.CONCLUSION The Chinese medicine compound preparation Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe exerts therapeutic effects on chronic heart failure possibly by influencing the mitochondrial structure of cardiomyocytes,oxidative stress,energy metabolism,and other processes.Future studies are warranted to investigate the role of the IL-17 signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,and other pathways in mediating the therapeutic effects of Jianpi Huatan Quyu recipe on chronic heart failure.

蠕形螨对睑板腺功能障碍患者眼表功能影响

目的:探究蠕形螨感染对睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)患者眼表功能的影响作用。方法:选取2018-04/09南方医科大学附属珠江医院眼科门诊MGD患者94例94眼,入组患者检查以下指标:眼表疾病指数(OSDI)、Schirmer I试验(SⅠt)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光染色(FL)、泪河高度、上睑板腺缺失评分、下睑板腺缺失评分、睑板腺缺失总评分、蠕形螨计数,对比蠕形螨检出阳性组和阴性组以上指标有无差异并分析蠕形螨检出阳性组蠕形螨计数与以上指标相关性。结果: MGD患者94眼中54眼蠕形螨阳性,检出阳性率57%,与年龄无明显相关,男性中检出率高于女性。蠕形螨检出阳性组上睑板腺缺失评分及睑板腺缺失总评分高于蠕形螨检出阴性组[2.00(1.00,2.00) vs 1.00(1.00,1.50)分, P =0.02;3.00(2.00,4.00) vs 2.00(1.00,3.00)分, P =0.04],OSDI、S I t、BUT、FL、下睑板腺缺失评分无差异( P >0.05)。蠕形螨检出阳性的MGD患者中蠕形螨计数与上睑板腺缺失分级评分(rs =0.37, P =0.03)、睑板腺缺失总评分(rs =0.44, P =0.01)呈正相关,与其他检查指标无明显相关性。结论:蠕形螨在睑板腺功能障碍患者眼表功能有一定影响作用,与睑板腺缺失呈正相关,蠕形螨感染数量增加,睑板腺缺失加重,进而加重眼部不适症状。

Plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxial growth of GaN with low growth rates and their properties

A systematic investigation on PA-MBE grown GaN with low growth rates(less than 0.2μm/h)has been conducted in a wide growth temperature range,in order to guide future growth of sophisticated fine structures for quantum device applications.Similar to usual growths with higher growth rates,three growth regions have been revealed,namely,Ga droplets,slightly Ga-rich and N-rich 3D growth regions.The slightly Ga-rich region is preferred,in which GaN epilayers demonstrate optimal crystalline quality,which has been demonstrated by streaky RHEED patterns,atomic smooth surface morphology,and very low defect related yellow and blue luminescence bands.The growth temperature is a critical parameter to obtain high quality materials and the optimal growth temperature window(~700-760℃)has been identified.The growth rate shows a strong dependence on growth temperatures in the optimal temperature window,and attention must be paid when growing fine structures at a low growth rate.Mg and Si doped GaN were also studied,and both p-and n-type materials were obtained.

Angiogenesis and immune checkpoint dual blockade:Opportunities and challenges for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

The disease burden related to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is increasing. Most HCC patients are diagnosed at the advanced stage and multikinase inhibitors have been the only treatment choice for them. Recently, the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) has provided a new therapeutic strategy for HCC. It is noteworthy that the positive outcomes of the phase Ⅲ clinical trial IMBrave150 [atezolizumab(anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 antibody) combined with bevacizumab(anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody)],showed that overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly better with sorafenib. This combination therapy has become the new standard therapy for advanced HCC and has also attracted more attention in the treatment of HCC with anti-angiogenesis-immune combination therapy. Currently, the synergistic antitumor efficacy of this combination has been shown in many preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and clinical application of anti-angiogenics and immunotherapy in HCC, outline the relevant mechanism and rationality of the combined application of antiangiogenics and ICIs, and point out the existing challenges of the combination therapy.

Forward-wave enhanced radiation in the terahertz electron cyclotron maser

Based on the principle of electron cyclotron maser(ECM),gyrotrons are among the most promising devices to generate powerful coherent terahertz(THz)radiation and play a vital role in numerous advanced THz applications.Unfortunately,THz ECM systems using a conventional high-Q cavity were theoretically and experimentally demonstrated to suffer from strong ohmic losses,and,accordingly,the wave output efficiency was significantly reduced.A scheme to alleviate such a challenging problem is systematically investigated in this paper.The traveling-wave operation concept is employed in a 1-THz third harmonic gyrotron oscillator,which strengthens electron-wave interaction efficiency and reduces the ohmic dissipation,simultaneously.A lossy belt is added in the interaction circuit to stably constitute the traveling-wave interaction,and a down-tapered magnetic field is employed to further amplify the forward-wave(FW)component.The results demonstrate that the proportion of ohmic losses is nearly halved,and output efficiency is nearly doubled,which is promising for further advancement of high-power continuous-wave operation of the ECM-based devices.

High-performance Si/VO_(2)-nanorod heterojunction photodetector based on photothermoelectric effect for detecting human radiation

As a typical candidate of optoelectronic materials,vanadium dioxide(VO_(2))has wide applications in photodetectors(PDs),but is still challenging in largely enhancing the photodetecting performance for low-power human radiation.Herein,high-performance Si/VO_(2)nanorods(NRs)heterojunction PDs based on the photothermoelectric(PTE)effect are presented.The uniform VO_(2)-NRs array films were deposited on Si by using magnetron sputtering technique,and a Si/VO_(2)heterojunctions were fabricated.The device exhibits a four-stage photoresponse and broadband photoresponse from ultraviolet to long-wavelength infrared.Benefited from the unique nanorods structure and the strong PTE effect,the fabricated device exhibits a large enhancement of the photodetecting performance,showing an ultrahigh photodetectivity of 1.6×10^(13)Jones and ultrafast response rates with a risingedge time of~65.0μs,three orders of magnitude higher than other VO_(2)-based devices.Furthermore,the device exhibits unique abilities to detect human radiation even when the human fingers are far away from the device surface up to 10.0 cm.Additionally,the fabricated Si/VO_(2)devices can also be applied as breath sensors to distinguish different breathing patterns.These results supply an effective route to design high-performance photodetectors toward detecting human thermal radiation and respiration.

Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Beijing's Xinfadi Market, China: a modeling study to inform future resurgence response

Background:A local coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)case confirmed on June 11,2020 triggered an outbreak in Beijing,China after 56 consecutive days without a newly confirmed case.Non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPIs)were used to contain the source in Xinfadi(XFD)market.To rapidly control the outbreak,both traditional and newly introduced NPIs in eluding large-scale management of high-risk populations and expanded severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)PCR-based screening in the general population were conducted in Beijing.We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Beijing's XFD market and inform future response efforts of resurgence across regions.

潮汐作用对黄河口滨海浅层地下水细菌群落结构的影响

本研究通过连续采样获得完整潮汐周期的地下水样品,利用高通量测序和实时荧光定量PCR技术对样品中受潮汐作用影响的细菌群落结构进行研究。结果发现,在涨潮期细菌群落组成发生明显变化,其中,海洋细菌的占比逐渐增大,而在退潮期细菌群落组成趋于稳定。细菌丰度在涨潮前期较高,在涨潮后期及退潮阶段有所降低。SiO是显著影响地下水中细菌群落结构和丰度的环境因子(P<0.05)。综上可知,潮汐作用对滨海浅层地下水中微生物群落特征有明显影响。

Development of a Handheld Nano-centrifugal Device for Visual Virus Detection

Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)colorimetric assays based on distance-dependent optical characteristics have been widely employed for bioanalysis.However,this assay is not effective for visually detecting low-concentration targets due to the faint color change.Here,we developed a handheld nano-centrifugal device which could separate the crosslinked and non-crosslinked AuNPs.Results showed that the handheld nano-centrifugal device could easily reach more than 6000 r/min within 10 s simply by stretching and tightening the coiled rope in an appropriate rhythm.Further,combined with the CRISPR/Cas12a nucleic acids recognition system,a field-deployable colorimetric platform termed handheld nano-centrifugal device assisted CRISPR/Cas12a(Hand-CRISPR)has been validated.Moreover,clinical diagnostics applications for Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)detection with high sensitivity and accuracy(100%consistency with reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)test results)have been demonstrated.Overall,the Hand-CRISPR platform showed great promise in point-of-care-test(POCT)application,expected to become a powerful supplement to the standard nucleic acid testing method in remote or poverty-stricken areas.

Image De-occlusion via Event-enhanced Multi-modal Fusion Hybrid Network

Seeing through dense occlusions and reconstructing scene images is an important but challenging task.Traditional framebased image de-occlusion methods may lead to fatal errors when facing extremely dense occlusions due to the lack of valid information available from the limited input occluded frames.Event cameras are bio-inspired vision sensors that record the brightness changes at each pixel asynchronously with high temporal resolution.However,synthesizing images solely from event streams is ill-posed since only the brightness changes are recorded in the event stream,and the initial brightness is unknown.In this paper,we propose an event-enhanced multi-modal fusion hybrid network for image de-occlusion,which uses event streams to provide complete scene information and frames to provide color and texture information.An event stream encoder based on the spiking neural network(SNN)is proposed to encode and denoise the event stream efficiently.A comparison loss is proposed to generate clearer results.Experimental results on a largescale event-based and frame-based image de-occlusion dataset demonstrate that our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance.