Low-temperature Li-S batteries enabled by all amorphous con version process of organosulfur cathode

The high degree of crystallinity of discharging in termediates of Li-S batteries(Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S)causes a severe capacity attenuation at low temperatures.Herein,a sulfur-rich polymer is fabricated,which enables all the discharging in termediates to exist in an amorphous state without long-range order,promoti ng the substantial conversion of discharging intermediates and enhancing Li-S batteries'performance at low temperatures greatly.This cathode material exhibits excellent performance both at room and low temperatures.Even under an extremely low temperature(-40℃),the discharge capacity can remain 67% of that at room temperature.Besides,in-situ UV/Vis spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal that this organosulfur cathode undergoes a new mechanism during discharge.Li_(2)S_(6) and Li_(2)S_(3) are the primary discharging intermediates that are quite different from conventional Li-S batteries.These results provide a new directi on for a broader range of applications of Li-S batteries.

Research on Performance Optimization of Liquid Cooling and Composite Phase Change Material Coupling Cooling Thermal Management System for Vehicle Power Battery

The serpentine tube liquid cooling and composite PCM coupled cooling thermal management system is designed for 18650 cylindrical power batteries,with the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the power pack within the optimal temperature operating range as the target.The initial analysis of the battery pack at a 5C discharge rate,the influence of the single cell to cooling tube distance,the number of cooling tubes,inlet coolant temperature,the coolant flow rate,and other factors on the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack,initially determined a reasonable value for each design parameter.A control strategy is used to regulate the inlet flow rate and coolant temperature of the liquid cooling system in order to make full use of the latent heat of the composite PCM and reduce the pump’s energy consumption.The simulation results show that the maximum battery pack temperature of 309.8 K and the temperature difference of 4.6 K between individual cells with the control strategy are in the optimal temperature operating range of the power battery,and the utilization rate of the composite PCM is up to 90%.

A prediction model for large vessel occlusion in suspected stroke patients based on available prehospital information

Objective:Early and accurate identification of large vessel occlusion(LVO)acute ischemic stroke(AIS)patients is critically important for stroke management.Practicable scales with simple items can facilitate prehospital paramedics distinguishing LVO-AIS patients with high efficiency and help to avoid unnecessary and costly delays.The current study aims to develop a screening tool to predict AIS-LVO patients based on prehospital available data.Method:A total of 251 suspected stroke patients who were transported to the emergency department of our hospital via emergency medical services were consecutively enrolled from August,2020 to January,2022.Data including demographic information,medical history,clinical manifestations,and vital signs were collected.A multivariate logistic regression model was developed based on statistically significant variables selected from univariate analysis.Result:Forty-two patients(16.7%)were diagnosed as LVO-AIS based on imaging validation at admission.A comprehensive model was developed with past medical history factors such as atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease,vital signs such as systolic blood pressure,and prominent symptoms and signs such as gaze palsy,facial paralysis,and dysarthria.The model showed better diagnostic performance in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves(0.884,95%CI,0.830-0.939),which was higher than other common prehospital prediction scales such as the Face,Arm,Speech,Time test(FAST),the Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination(FAST-ED)scale,and the Gaze-Face-Arm-Speech-Time test(G-FAST).Calibration curve analysis,decision curve analysis,and clinical impact curve analysis further validated the reliability,net benefit,and potential clinical impact of the prediction model,respectively.Conclusion:We conducted a prediction model based on prehospital accessible factors including past history of atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease,systolic blood pressure,and signs such as gaze palsy,facial palsy,and dysarthria.The prediction model showed good diagnostic power and accuracy for identification of the high-risk patients with LVO and may become an effective tool for the LVO recognition in prehospital settings.Future studies are warranted to refine and validate the model further in order to enhance the accuracy and objectivity of clinical judgments.

Hypoxic preconditioning stimulates angiogenesis in ischemic penumbra after acute cerebral infarction

Previous studies have demonstrated the protective effect of hypoxic preconditioning on acute cerebral infarction, but the mechanisms underlying this protection remain unclear. To investigate the protective mechanisms of hypoxic preconditioning in relation to its effects on angiogenesis, we in- duced a photochemical model of cerebral infarction in an inbred line of mice （BALB/c）. Mice were then exposed to hypoxic preconditioning 30 minutes prior to model establishment. Results showed significantly increased vascular endothelial growth factor and CD31 expression in the ischemic penumbra at 24 and 72 hours post infarction, mainly in neurons and vascular endothelial cells. Hypoxic preconditioning increased vascular endothelial growth factor and CD31 expression in the ischemic penumbra and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was positively related to that of CD31. Moreover, hypoxic preconditioning reduced the infarct volume and improved neu- rological function in mice. These findings indicate that the protective role of hypoxic preconditioning in acute cerebral infarction may possibly be due to an increase in expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and CD31 in the ischemic penumbra, which promoted angiogenesis.

Gabapentin inhibits central sensitization during migraine

Peripheral and central sensitizations are phenomena that occur during migraine. The role of gabapentin, a migraine preventive drug, on central sensitization remains unclear. In this study, a rat model of migraine was established by electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion, and the animals were given intragastric gabapentin. Changes in amino acid content in the cerebrospinal fluid and protein kinase C membrane translocation in the spinal trigeminal nucleus were examined to clarify the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of gabapentin in the treatment of central sensiti- zation during migraine. Electrophysiology, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and western blot analysis results revealed that gabapentin reduces neuronal excitability in the spinal nucleus in the trigeminal nerve, decreases excitatory amino acid content and inhibits the activation of protein kinase C. This provides evidence that excitatory amino acids and protein kinase C are involved in the formation and maintenance of central sensitization during migraine. Gabapentin inhibits mi- graine by reducing excitatory amino acid content in the cerebrospinal fluid and inhibiting protein kinase C activation.

LncRNA MIR210HG对膀胱癌细胞恶性生物学行为的影响

目的:分析长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)MIR210HG与膀胱癌患者临床病理特征的关系,探究其对膀胱癌恶性生物学行为的影响。方法:收集2022年6月至2022年12月河北医科大学第四医院70例膀胱癌患者的临床病理资料,使用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测LncRNA MIR210HG表达,分析其与临床病理特征的相关性。采用MTS实验、克隆形成实验、划痕实验、Transwell侵袭实验研究LncRNA MIR210HG对膀胱癌细胞生物学行为的影响。结果:膀胱癌组织及膀胱癌细胞T24、5637和SW780中LncRNA MIR210HG表达量较高(均P<0.05)。发生淋巴结转移的膀胱癌组织中的LncRNA MIR210HG相对表达量为3.847±1.047,高于未发生淋巴结转移的膀胱癌组织中的2.915±0.904;肌层浸润的膀胱癌组织中的LncRNA MIR210HG相对表达量为3.353±1.032,高于非肌层浸润的膀胱癌组织中的2.822±0.872;两者比较差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。下调LncRNA MIR210HG的表达可抑制膀胱癌细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的能力(均P<0.05),过表达LncRNA MIR210HG可提高膀胱癌细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的能力(均P<0.05)。结论:LncRNA MIR210HG在膀胱癌组织中明显高表达,可促进膀胱癌肌层浸润及淋巴结转移,并可为膀胱癌患者的临床治疗及提高其总生存率提供参考依据。

The effects of hypoxia on major blood components:a brief review

The prevalence of stroke displays obvious geographical variation and is higher on plateaus.Similarly,prolonged stay at high altitude is associated with higher incidence of stroke.High-altitude hypoxia can elicit various physiological dysfunctions,and hypoxia is suggested to be the principal contributing factor of stroke.In this brief review,the effects of hypoxia on the properties of the blood components such as erythrocytes,leukocytes and thrombocytes are presented,in an effort to inform the prevention and treatment of stroke in high-altitude areas.

Accurate cell type annotation for single-cell chromatin accessibility data via contrastive learning and reference guidance

Recent advances in single-cell chromatin accessibility sequencing(scCAS)technologies have resulted in new insights into the characterization of epigenomic heterogeneity and have increased the need for automatic cell type annotation.However,existing automatic annotation methods for scCAS data fail to incorporate the reference data and neglect novel cell types,which only exist in a test set.Here,we propose RAINBOW,a reference-guided automatic annotation method based on the contrastive learning framework,which is capable of effectively identifying novel cell types in a test set.By utilizing contrastive learning and incorporating reference data,RAINBOW can effectively characterize the heterogeneity of cell types,thereby facilitating more accurate annotation.With extensive experiments on multiple scCAS datasets,we show the advantages of RAINBOW over state-of-the-art methods in known and novel cell type annotation.We also verify the effectiveness of incorporating reference data during the training process.In addition,we demonstrate the robustness of RAINBOW to data sparsity and number of cell types.Furthermore,RAINBOW provides superior performance in newly sequenced data and can reveal biological implication in downstream analyses.All the results demonstrate the superior performance of RAINBOW in cell type annotation for scCAS data.We anticipate that RAINBOW will offer essential guidance and great assistance in scCAS data analysis.The source codes are available at the GitHub website(BioX-NKU/RAINBOW).

An overview of graphene-based hydroxyapatite composites for orthopedic applications

Hydroxyapatite(HA)is an attractive bioceramic for hard tissue repair and regeneration due to its physicochemical similarities to natural apatite.However,its low fracture toughness,poor tensile strength and weak wear resistance become major obstacles for potential clinical applications.One promising method to tackle with these problems is exploiting graphene and its derivatives(graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide)as nanoscale reinforcement fillers to fabricate graphene-based hydroxyapatite composites in the form of powders,coatings and scaffolds.The last few years witnessed increasing numbers of studies on the preparation,mechanical and biological evaluations of these novel materials.Herein,various preparation techniques,mechanical behaviors and toughen mechanism,the in vitro/in vivo biocompatible analysis,antibacterial properties of the graphene-based HA composites are presented in this review.

A quality status encoding scheme for PCB-based products in IoT-enabled remanufacturing

In this paper,a binary-extensible quality status encoding scheme,named IQSCT(IoT quality status code table),is proposed for the PCB-based product with available recovery options in remanufacturing.IQSCT is achieved by code evolution based on binary logic,in which the product flow and the quality information flow are integrated,and three key features of PCB-based product(PCB-module association,assembly-disassembly logic,and disassembly risk)are involved in production costing.With IQSCT,the manufacturer can have better decisions to reduce remanufacturing cost and improve resource utilization,which is verified by a case study based on the real data from BOM cost and corresponding estimation of Apple iPhone 11 series.

Optimal production strategy for auto manufacturers with government subsidies in competitive environments

Using the Hotelling model and evolutionary game theory,this paper studies the optimal production strategy of duopoly auto manufacturers and explores the impacts of two government policies(manufacturer and consumer subsidies)on strategies related to the production of electric vehicles(EVs)or fuel vehicles(FVs).The study finds that consumers’environmental preferences have direct effects on manufacturers’market shares and profits,which in turn,affect the manufacturers’production strategy selection.Specifically,when consumer environmental preference is sufficiently high,both auto manufacturers will eventually choose to produce EVs;when it is moderate,only one with a cost advantage will choose to produce EVs.Finally,when it is low,neither auto manufacturer will produce EVs.The findings further reveal that the more significant the difference in EV production costs is,the more inclined auto manufacturers are to choose a different final stable strategy.Regardless of whether the government subsidizes manufacturers or consumers,the policy only works if subsidies reach a certain threshold.The study also identifies the conditions under which government subsidies are considered more cost-effective.

Direct Ischemic Postconditioning Following Stroke Thrombectomy:A Promising Therapy for Reperfusion Injury

Recanalization of occluded vessels and timely reperfusion are the primary therapies for acute ischemic stroke(AIS),with endovascular thrombectomy proven as the most effective therapy for large-vessel recanalization and improved outcomes of AIS patients.However,despite a high recanalization rate of 90% or even higher,the rate of 3-month functional independence is approximately 50%,while mortality remains around 15%[1].