A physics-informed neural network for simulation of finite deformation in hyperelastic-magnetic coupling problems

Recently,numerous studies have demonstrated that the physics-informed neural network(PINN)can effectively and accurately resolve hyperelastic finite deformation problems.In this paper,a PINN framework for tackling hyperelastic-magnetic coupling problems is proposed.Since the solution space consists of two-phase domains,two separate networks are constructed to independently predict the solution for each phase region.In addition,a conscious point allocation strategy is incorporated to enhance the prediction precision of the PINN in regions characterized by sharp gradients.With the developed framework,the magnetic fields and deformation fields of magnetorheological elastomers(MREs)are solved under the control of hyperelastic-magnetic coupling equations.Illustrative examples are provided and contrasted with the reference results to validate the predictive accuracy of the proposed framework.Moreover,the advantages of the proposed framework in solving hyperelastic-magnetic coupling problems are validated,particularly in handling small data sets,as well as its ability in swiftly and precisely forecasting magnetostrictive motion.

采用UPLC-MS/MS法研究辣薄荷基厚朴酚在不同种属肝微粒体中的代谢特征

目的:建立测定肝微粒体孵育体系中辣薄荷基厚朴酚浓度的方法,并探讨其在不同种属肝微粒体中的代谢特征。方法:分别将辣薄荷基厚朴酚溶解于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)启动的人、大鼠、小鼠、猴、犬肝微粒体孵育体系中,置于37℃水浴中进行孵育,分别于孵育的0、2、5、10、15、20、30、45、60 min时用甲醇终止反应,以厚朴酚为内标,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定各孵育体系中辣薄荷基厚朴酚的质量浓度。色谱柱为Acquity UPLC^(TM)CSH C_(18),流动相为0.1%甲酸溶液-甲醇(梯度洗脱),流速为0.3 mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为2μL;离子源为电喷雾离子源,以多反应监测模式进行正离子扫描,用于定量分析的离子对分别为m/z 401.2→331.1(辣薄荷基厚朴酚)、m/z 265.1→247.0(内标)。以孵育0 min时辣薄荷基厚朴酚的质量浓度为参照,计算其在不同孵育体系中的药物剩余百分比、体外代谢半衰期(t_(1/2))和固有清除率(CL_(int))。采用化学抑制剂法探讨辣薄荷基厚朴酚的代谢途径;在上述色谱条件下,采用一级全扫描以正离子方式检测,初步分析其体外代谢产物。结果:辣薄荷基厚朴酚质量浓度检测的线性范围为3.91～500.00 ng/mL,定量下限为3.91 ng/mL;日内、日间RSD均小于10%,准确度为87.40%～103.75%,基质效应不影响待测物的测定。辣薄荷基厚朴酚在人、大鼠、小鼠、犬肝微粒体中代谢明显,而在猴肝微粒体中代谢不明显;孵育30 min后,其在各种属肝微粒体的药物剩余百分比趋于稳定。辣薄荷基厚朴酚在人、大鼠、小鼠、猴、犬肝微粒体中的t_(1/2)分别为12.07、17.68、17.59、216.56、61.88 min,CL_(int)分别为0.115、0.078、0.079、0.006、0.022 mL/(min·mg)。细胞色素P450(CYP)2A6、CYP2D6、CYP2C19、CYP3A4、CYP2C9、CYP2E1、CYP1A2酶对该化合物代谢的抑制率分别为55.76%、93.94%、96.01%、93.69%、71.81%、23.25%、28.04%。辣薄荷基厚朴酚在人肝微粒体中两个主要代谢产物的准分子离子峰分别为m/z441.2([M+Na]^+)、m/z 337.2([M+H]^+)。结论:本研究建立的UPLC-MS/MS法简便、快速、专属性强,可用于肝微粒体孵育体系中辣薄荷基厚朴酚浓度的测定及药动学的研究。该化合物在人、大鼠、小鼠、猴、犬等5种肝微粒体中的代谢特征有差异,且其代谢过程可能与CYP2D6、CYP2C19、CYP3A4、CYP2C9等酶有关。