基于响应面法的煤体有效抽采半径多因素交互作用

钻孔有效抽采半径是煤层瓦斯抽采参数设计的重要指标。为探究煤体基础物性因素(含水率、渗透率、瓦斯压力)对钻孔有效抽采半径的影响特性,首先基于煤的基质-裂隙双重孔隙理论,考虑水分对裂隙开度及基质瓦斯吸附性能的弱化影响,构建了考虑水分影响的煤体渗透率模型与固-气多场耦合模型;其次利用多物理场数值模拟方法并结合响应面分析法研究了不同因素对钻孔有效抽采半径的交互作用。研究发现钻孔有效抽采半径与初始渗透率呈正相关,而与初始瓦斯压力、含水率均为负相关;建立了瓦斯抽采半径与三个因素的二次多元响应面模型,并分析发现含水率、初始瓦斯压力、渗透率对钻孔有效抽采半径的影响显著性逐次降低,并且在一定程度上,煤体初始瓦斯压力的增加会弱化煤岩初始渗透率和含水率对钻孔有效抽采半径的影响,煤体初始渗透率和含水率也会显著改变初始瓦斯压力对钻孔有效抽采半径的影响,然而煤体初始渗透率几乎未改变含水率对钻孔有效抽采半径的影响。

Application of a novel detection approach based on non-dispersive infrared theory to the in-situ analysis on indicator gases from underground coal fire

Coal mine fires,which can cause heavy casualties,environmental damages and a waste of coal resources,have become a worldwide problem.Aiming at overcoming the drawbacks,such as a low analysis efficiency,poor stability and large monitoring error,of the existing underground coal fire monitoring technology,a novel monitoring system based on non-dispersive infrared(NDIR)spectroscopy is developed.In this study,first,the measurement principle of NDIR sensor,the gas concentration calculation and its temperature compensation algorithms were expounded.Next,taking CO and CH_(4) as examples,the liner correlation coefficients of absorbance and the temperature correction factors of the two indicator gases were calculated,and then the errors of concentration measurement for CO,CO_(2),CH_(4) and C_(2)H_(4) were further analyzed.The results disclose that the designed NDIR sensors can satisfy the requirements of industrial standards for monitoring the indicator gases for coal fire hazards.For the established NDIR-based monitoring system,the NDIRbased spectrum analyzer and its auxiliary equipment boast intrinsically safe and explosion-proof performances and can achieve real-time and in-situ detection of indicator gases when installed close to the coal fire risk area underground.Furthermore,a field application of the NDIR-based monitoring system in a coal mine shows that the NDIR-based spectrum analyzer has a permissible difference from the chromatography in measuring the concentrations of various indicator gases.Besides,the advantages of high accuracy,quick analysis and excellent security of the NDIR-based monitoring system have promoted its application in many coal mines.

Effects of caprock sealing capacities on coalbed methane preservation:Experimental investigation and case study

Caprocks play an important role in the trapping of coalbed methane(CBM)reservoirs.To study the sealing capacities of caprocks,five samples with different lithologies of Neogene clayrock,Paleogene redbeds,Permian sandstone,Permian mudstone and Permian siltstone were collected and tested using experimental methods of microstructure observation,pore structure measurement and diffusion properties determination.Results indicate that with denser structures,lower porosities,much more developed micropores/transition pores and higher pore/throat ratios,mudstone and siltstone have the more ideal sealing capacities for CBM preservation when comparing to other kinds of caprocks;the methane diffusion coefficients of mudstone/siltstone are about 6 times higher than sandstone and almost 90 times higher than clayrock/redbeds.To further estimate the CBM escape through caprocks,a one-dimensional CBM diffusion model is derived.Modeling calculation result demonstrates that under the same thickness,the CBM sealing abilities of mudstone/siltstone are almost 100 times higher than those of clayrock/redbeds,and nearly 17 times higher than sandstone,which indicates that the coal seam below caprocks like clayrock,redbeds or sandstone may suffer stronger CBM diffusion effect than that below mudstone or siltstone.Such conclusion is verified by the case study from III3 District,Xutuan Colliery,where the coal seam capped by Paleogene redbeds has a much lower CBM content than that capped by the Permian strata like mudstone,siltstone and sandstone.

针环式电极大气压下氩气等离子体射流长度影响因素研究

为掌握反应器结构参数和放电参数对大气压非平衡等离子体射流(N-APPJ)的射流长度的定量影响,设计了多结构的针-环式电极氩气等离子体射流装置,分别研究了放电电压、电极间隙、高压电极放电末端与接地电极的距离及氩气体积流量对射流长度的影响,并采用发生光谱法对该反应器产生的等离子体电子激发温度进行了计算。结果表明:等离子体射流的最大长度可达80 mm;高压电极放电末端与接地电极之间的距离越大,射流长度越长但不是线性增长;射流长度随电极间隙的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势且在电极间隙为4.5 mm时该射流达到最大长度;随着氩气体积流量的增加,等离子体射流长度也呈现出先增大后减小的趋势且减小的幅度较低;电子激发温度在高压电极和接地电极处较高,两电极之间部分次之,在石英管出口处会有比较明显的下降。

大气压下氦气、甲烷、空气等离子体射流发射光谱诊断研究

在等离子体射流的辅助下,液体的雾化特性能够得到一定程度的改善,等离子体辅助雾化具备应用于超细水雾抑制瓦斯爆炸领域的潜力。然而,由于等离子体射流中存在的多种活性粒子对于燃烧存在促进作用,因此有必要对瓦斯气体存在的条件下等离子体中的活性粒子种类进行定量分析。在大气压下开展了以氦气作为载气对预混的甲烷和空气进行介质阻挡(DBD)放电研究。结果表明,等离子体射流中的主要活性粒子为OH基团、N_(2)的第二正带系、CH基团、HeI原子以及少量的O原子,其中甲烷电离区的谱线主要集中在400~600 nm。增大峰值电压和氦气掺混体积流量比都可以有效提高等射流中活性基团的含量。采用N_(2)第二正带系的连续谱带做最小二乘线性拟合,对等离子体射流的振动温度进行了计算,得到大气压氦气/空气-甲烷等离子体射流的振动温度在2000~4000 K之间。随着峰值电压和氦气掺混比的增大,振动温度都呈现增大趋势。利用HeI原子激发能差较大的5条谱线做最小二乘线性拟合,对等离子体射流的电子激发温度进行了计算,得到大气压氦气/空气-甲烷等离子体射流的电子激发温度在3500~13000 K之间。随峰值电压的增大,电子激发温度表现出增大的变化趋势,随着氦气掺混比的增大,电子激发温度表现出减小的变化趋势,分析发现随着氦气体积流量的增大,使得射流发生器内的气流变快,带走了发生器内更多的热量,导致电子激发温度下降。