The increasing dependence on data highlights the need for a detailed understanding of its behavior,encompassing the challenges involved in processing and evaluating it.However,current research lacks a comprehensive st...The increasing dependence on data highlights the need for a detailed understanding of its behavior,encompassing the challenges involved in processing and evaluating it.However,current research lacks a comprehensive structure for measuring the worth of data elements,hindering effective navigation of the changing digital environment.This paper aims to fill this research gap by introducing the innovative concept of“data components.”It proposes a graphtheoretic representation model that presents a clear mathematical definition and demonstrates the superiority of data components over traditional processing methods.Additionally,the paper introduces an information measurement model that provides a way to calculate the information entropy of data components and establish their increased informational value.The paper also assesses the value of information,suggesting a pricing mechanism based on its significance.In conclusion,this paper establishes a robust framework for understanding and quantifying the value of implicit information in data,laying the groundwork for future research and practical applications.展开更多
目的探讨老年2型糖尿病患者血糖波动与颈动脉内膜中层厚度之间的关系。方法选取2014年1月—2015年12月住院的59例老年2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,所有患者均用动态血糖监测系统进行72 h血糖监测,采用高分辨彩色多谱勒超声诊断仪测定颈...目的探讨老年2型糖尿病患者血糖波动与颈动脉内膜中层厚度之间的关系。方法选取2014年1月—2015年12月住院的59例老年2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,所有患者均用动态血糖监测系统进行72 h血糖监测,采用高分辨彩色多谱勒超声诊断仪测定颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT),并检测糖化血红蛋白、C肽、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白等。根据动态血糖监测结果,按平均血糖波动幅度的中位数分为血糖波动大组(A组)和血糖波动小组(B组)。结果 2组患者在性别、年龄、C反应蛋白、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、三酰甘油、谷丙转氨酶、血肌酐、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及平均血糖这些临床资料上均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。A组的糖化血红蛋白较B组的明显升高(8.74±2.41)%vs(7.39±1.58)%,P=0.015,而胰岛功能明显降低[空腹C肽:0.7(0.3~1.4)ng/m L vs 1.6(0.78~2.13)ng/m L,P=0.004;餐后2 h C肽:1.8(1.1~2.9)vs 3.45(1.35~5.13)ng/m L,P=0.018]。A组的日间血糖绝对差及平均血糖波动幅度较B组更大(2.11±1.12)mmol/L vs(1.23±0.56)mmol/L,P=0.001;(5.90±1.48)ng/m L vs(2.54士0.92)mmol/L,P<0.001。A组的平均CIMT为(0.99±0.36)mm,较B组CIMT(0.81±0.25)mm增厚,2组间差异具有统计学意义(P=0.040)。回归分析显示,平均血糖波动幅度为CIMT升高的独立危险因素,而2 h C肽为CIMT升高的保护因素。结论在老年2型糖尿病患者中,血糖波动与颈动脉内膜中层厚度有关,可能是老年糖尿病患者心脑血管疾病的危险因素。展开更多
The growing number of mobile users, as well as the diversification in types of services have resulted in increasing demands for wireless network bandwidth in recent years. Although evolving transmission techniques are...The growing number of mobile users, as well as the diversification in types of services have resulted in increasing demands for wireless network bandwidth in recent years. Although evolving transmission techniques are able to enlarge the network capacity to some degree, they still cannot satisfy the requirements of mobile users. Meanwhile, following Moore's Law, the data processing capabilities of mobile user terminals are continuously improving. In this paper, we explore possible methods of trading strong computational power at wireless terminals for transmission efficiency of communications. Taking the specific scenario of wireless video conversation, we propose a model-based video coding scheme by learning the structures in multimedia contents. Benefiting from both strong computing capability and pre-learned model priors, only low-dimensional parameters need to be transmitted; and the intact multimedia contents can also be reconstructed at the receivers in real-time. Experiment results indicate that, compared to conventional video codecs, the proposed scheme significantly reduces the data rate with the aid of computational capability at wireless terminals.展开更多
基金supported by the EU H2020 Research and Innovation Program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement(Project-DEEP,Grant number:101109045)National Key R&D Program of China with Grant number 2018YFB1800804+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.NSFC 61925105,and 62171257)Tsinghua University-China Mobile Communications Group Co.,Ltd,Joint Institutethe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-NP-20-03)。
文摘The increasing dependence on data highlights the need for a detailed understanding of its behavior,encompassing the challenges involved in processing and evaluating it.However,current research lacks a comprehensive structure for measuring the worth of data elements,hindering effective navigation of the changing digital environment.This paper aims to fill this research gap by introducing the innovative concept of“data components.”It proposes a graphtheoretic representation model that presents a clear mathematical definition and demonstrates the superiority of data components over traditional processing methods.Additionally,the paper introduces an information measurement model that provides a way to calculate the information entropy of data components and establish their increased informational value.The paper also assesses the value of information,suggesting a pricing mechanism based on its significance.In conclusion,this paper establishes a robust framework for understanding and quantifying the value of implicit information in data,laying the groundwork for future research and practical applications.
文摘目的探讨老年2型糖尿病患者血糖波动与颈动脉内膜中层厚度之间的关系。方法选取2014年1月—2015年12月住院的59例老年2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,所有患者均用动态血糖监测系统进行72 h血糖监测,采用高分辨彩色多谱勒超声诊断仪测定颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT),并检测糖化血红蛋白、C肽、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白等。根据动态血糖监测结果,按平均血糖波动幅度的中位数分为血糖波动大组(A组)和血糖波动小组(B组)。结果 2组患者在性别、年龄、C反应蛋白、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、三酰甘油、谷丙转氨酶、血肌酐、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及平均血糖这些临床资料上均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。A组的糖化血红蛋白较B组的明显升高(8.74±2.41)%vs(7.39±1.58)%,P=0.015,而胰岛功能明显降低[空腹C肽:0.7(0.3~1.4)ng/m L vs 1.6(0.78~2.13)ng/m L,P=0.004;餐后2 h C肽:1.8(1.1~2.9)vs 3.45(1.35~5.13)ng/m L,P=0.018]。A组的日间血糖绝对差及平均血糖波动幅度较B组更大(2.11±1.12)mmol/L vs(1.23±0.56)mmol/L,P=0.001;(5.90±1.48)ng/m L vs(2.54士0.92)mmol/L,P<0.001。A组的平均CIMT为(0.99±0.36)mm,较B组CIMT(0.81±0.25)mm增厚,2组间差异具有统计学意义(P=0.040)。回归分析显示,平均血糖波动幅度为CIMT升高的独立危险因素,而2 h C肽为CIMT升高的保护因素。结论在老年2型糖尿病患者中,血糖波动与颈动脉内膜中层厚度有关,可能是老年糖尿病患者心脑血管疾病的危险因素。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Project of China (973) (2013CB329006)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 61101071,61471220, 61021001)Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program
文摘The growing number of mobile users, as well as the diversification in types of services have resulted in increasing demands for wireless network bandwidth in recent years. Although evolving transmission techniques are able to enlarge the network capacity to some degree, they still cannot satisfy the requirements of mobile users. Meanwhile, following Moore's Law, the data processing capabilities of mobile user terminals are continuously improving. In this paper, we explore possible methods of trading strong computational power at wireless terminals for transmission efficiency of communications. Taking the specific scenario of wireless video conversation, we propose a model-based video coding scheme by learning the structures in multimedia contents. Benefiting from both strong computing capability and pre-learned model priors, only low-dimensional parameters need to be transmitted; and the intact multimedia contents can also be reconstructed at the receivers in real-time. Experiment results indicate that, compared to conventional video codecs, the proposed scheme significantly reduces the data rate with the aid of computational capability at wireless terminals.
