Cation-doped LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) cathode with high rate performance

The nickel-rich layered cathode material LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)has high energy density,lower cost and is a promising cathode material currently under development.However,its electrochemical and structural stability is poor during cycling.Among the many modification methods,cation doping has been consistently proven to be an effective strategy for enhancing electrochemical performance.Herein,the NCM811 cathode material was modified by solid-phase reactions with Mg and Al doped.In addition,the corresponding mechanism of NCM811 cathode material-doped modification is explored by density functional theory(DFT)calculations,and we have extended this approach to other ternary cathode materials with different ratios and obtained universal laws.Combined with DFT calculations,the results show that Mg2+occupies the Li+site and reduces the degree of Li^(+)/Ni^(2+) mixture;Al^(3+) acts as a structural support during charging and discharging to prevent structural collapse.The electrochemical properties were tested by an electrochemical workstation and the LAND system,and the results showed that the capacity retention rate increased to varying degrees from 63.66%to 69.87%and 89.05%for NCM811-Mg and NCM811-Al at room temperature after 300 cycles,respectively.This study provides a theoretical basis and design strategy for commercializing cationic-doped modification of nickel-rich cathode materials.

Plasticity of Sniffing Pattern and Neural Activity in the Olfactory Bulb of Behaving Mice During Odor Sampling,Anticipation,and Reward

The olfactory bulb(OB) is the first relay station in the olfactory system.In the OB,mitral/tufted cells(M/Ts),which are the main output neurons,play important roles in the processing and representation of odor information.Recent studies focusing on the function of M/Ts at the single-cell level in awake behaving mice have demonstrated that odor-evoked firing of single M/Ts displays transient/long-term plasticity during learning.Here,we tested whether the neural activity of M/Ts and sniffing patterns are dependent on anticipation and reward in awake behaving mice.We used an odor discrimination task combined with in vivo electrophysiological recordings in awake,head-fixed mice,and found that,while learning induced plasticity of spikes and beta oscillations during odor sampling,we also found plasticity of spikes,beta oscillation,sniffing pattern,and coherence between sniffing and theta oscillations during the periods of anticipation and/or reward.These results indicate that the activity of M/Ts plays important roles not only in odor representation but also in salience-related events such as anticipation and reward.

1D Fe3O4@CuSiO3 composites catalyzed decarboxylative A^3-coupling for propargylamine synthesis

Highly active and stable magnetic copper catalysts were successfully achieved by magnetic induced Stober method and subsequent hydrothermal reaction with copper ions in alkaline condition.The high content of Cu2+as well as the unique structures of hierarchical copper silicate in the as-prepared catalysts endowed their outstanding catalytic performance.Efficient decarboxylative A3-coupling of a-keto acid,amine and alkyne was realized with the low Fe3 O4@CuSiO3 loading.A range of propargylamines were produced in good to excellent yields under solvent-free condition.Moreover,the catalyst can be easily separated from the final organic product with an external magnet.Also,this kind of catalyst could be recycled up to six times while maintaining its activity.