3D printing encouraging desired in-situ polypyrrole seed-polymerization for ultra-high energy density supercapacitors

The tireless pursuit of supercapacitors with high energy density entails the parallel advancement of wellsuited electrode materials and elaborately engineered architectures.Polypyrrole(PPy)emerges as an exceedingly conductive polymer and a prospective pseudocapacitive materials for supercapacitors,yet the inferior cyclic stability and unpredictable polymerization patterns severely impede its real-world applicability.Here,for the first time,an innovative seed-induced in-situ polymerization assisted 3D printing strategy is proposed to fabricate PPy-reduced graphene oxide/poly(vinylidene difluoride-cohexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)(PPy-rGO/PH)electrodes with controllable polymerization behavior and exceptional areal mass loading.The preferred active sites uniformly pre-planted on the 3D-printed graphene substrates serve as reliable seeds to induce efficient polypyrrole deposition,achieving an impressive mass loading of 185.6 mg cm^(-2)(particularly 79.2 mg cm^(-2)for polypyrrole)and a superior areal capacitance of 25.2 F cm^(-2)at 2 mA cm^(-2)for a 12-layer electrode.In agreement with theses appealing features,an unprecedented areal energy density of 1.47 mW h cm^(-2)for a symmetrical device is registered,a rarely achieved value for other PPy/rGO-based supercapacitors.This work highlights a promising route to preparing high energy density energy storage modules for real-world applications.

Neuroprotective effects of Shaoyao Gancao decoction against excitatory damage in PC12 cells based on the Src-NR2-nNOS pathway

Objective:To explore the neuroprotective effects of the Shaoyao Gancao decoction(SGD)against excitatory damage in PC12 cells and the role of the Src-NR2-nNOS pathway mediation by SGD in regulatingγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-glutamate(Glu)homeostasis.Methods: N-Methyl-d-aspartic acid(NMDA)was used to establish a PC12 cell excitability injury model.To investigate the neuroprotective effect of SGD,a cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to determine PC12 cell viability,Annexin V/Propidium Iodide(Annexin V/PI)double staining was used to determine PC12 cell apoptosis,and Ca^(2+)concentration was observed using laser confocal microscopy.GABA receptor agonists and antagonists were used to analyze the neuroprotective interactions betweenγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)and NMDA receptors.Additionally,molecular biology techniques were used to determine mRNA and protein expression in the Src-NR2-nNOS pathway.We analyzed the correlations between the regulatory sites of GABA and NMDA interactions,excitatory neurotoxicity,and brain damage at the molecular level.Results: NMDA excitotoxic injury manifested as a significant decrease in cell activity,increased apoptosis and caspase-3 protein expression,and a significant increase in intracellular Ca^(2+)concentration.Administration of SGD,a GABAA receptor agonist(muscimol),or a GABAB receptor agonist(baclofen)decreased intracellular Ca^(2+)concentrations,attenuated apoptosis,and reversed NMDA-induced upregulation of caspase-3,Src,NMDAR2A,NMDAR2B,and nNOS.Unexpectedly,a GABA_(A)receptor antagonist(bicuculline)and a GABA_(B)receptor antagonist(saclofen)failed to significantly increase excitatory neurotoxicity.Conclusions: Taken together,these results not only provide an experimental basis for SGD administration in the clinical treatment of central nervous system injury diseases,but also suggest that the Src-NR2A-nNOS pathway may be a valuable target in excitotoxicity treatment.

暖通空调联合站房运行诊断与节能改造浅析——以武汉某工业园区项目为例

为实现武汉市某工业园区项目的节能运行,从项目层面响应国家“2030+2060”的双碳战略,为促进社会的节能减排尽一份微薄之力,项目团队于2020年6月~2020年7月期间,至本项目现场,对其联合站房冷源系统的运行情况进行调研:了解项目运行的情况、收集各类运行参数,深入分析项目在运行、管理过程中的各种节能潜力,并对其工艺冷冻水系统和空调冷冻水系统的节能运行给出节能技术改造方案,量化节能收益,实现年运行节能量616万kWh的节能效果,希望为其他的工业生产类项目的节能改造工作提供参考和借鉴。

Uridine dynamic administration affects the circadian variation of bile acid metabolism in high-fat-diet-fed mice

High-fat diet(HFD)is demonstrated to disturb the bile acid metabolism.The rhythm of bile acid metabolism can also be affected by uridine,whose metabolism exhibits a daily rhythm.However,the mechanism of dynamic uridine administration affecting bile acid during HFD remains unclear.In this study,C57BL/6J mice were fed HFD(the control group;CON)or HFD with oral administration of uridine in the daytime(DUR)and nighttime(NUR)to investigate the mechanism of the effect of uridine on the bile acid.This study showed that the mRNA expression of uridine transporters and circadian clock genes in the jejunum was affected by zeitgeber time(ZT)(P<0.001).Genes related to the metabolism of pyrimidines in the liver showed a high dependence on daily rhythm(P<0.01),and DUR remarkably up-regulated the expression of ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2(RRM2)(P<0.05)compared to the CON group.Importantly,the mRNA expression of bile acids nuclear receptors,bile acid synthesis,and transporters in the liver showed significantly rhythmically changed(P<0.05),and the expression of cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase(CYP7A1),fibroblast growth factor receptor 4(FGFR4),Na^(+)/taurocholate co transporting polypeptide(NTCP),and bile salt export pump(BSEP)mRNAs of mice with uridine administration increased significantly(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of the transporters of cholesterol and bile acids in the ileum was also affected by ZT(P<0.01)and significantly dependent on uridine administration(P<0.05).The expression of FXR and SHP was significantly affected by ZT and uridine,respectively.In conclusion,dynamic administration of uridine could regulate the rhythm of gene expression of pyrimidine and bile acid metabolism in the liver and ileum of HFD-fed mice,which contributed to the further study of circadian rhythmic physiological and pathological changes of bile acids.

Comparison of the Values of MRI in the Differential Diagnosis of Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Atherosclerotic Plaque

Objective:To evaluate the values of Carotid Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)in the differential diagnosis of symptomatic carotid stenosis and atherosclerotic plaque.Methods:56 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease admitted in our hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were selected and treated with Carotid MRI and digital subtraction angiography(DSA)examinations.According to the two examination results recorded and the“gold standard”of DSA examination,values of Carotid MRI in the differential diagnosis of symptomatic carotid stenosis were evaluated.Results:According to the“gold standard”of DSA examination,the sensitivity and specificity of MRI examination for carotid stenosis were:Mild:92.54%and 97.78%;Moderate:85.71%and 88.78%;Severe:100.00%and 97.8%;and complete occlusion:100.00%and 100.00%;The proportions of intraplaque haemorrhage and ruptured fibrous cap in different degrees of carotid artery stenosis were:Mild:30.16%and 22.22%;Moderate:43.48%and 39.13%;And severe:57.89%and 52.63%.Conclusion:MRI examination can evaluate the degree of symptomatic carotid artery stenosis,and show the characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque at the same time to provide a reference for early clinical differential diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnostic Value of Spectral CT Reconstruction Mode for Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Lesions

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of spectral CT reconstruction mode for carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions.Methods:From January 2017 to January 2019,70 patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions in our hospita1 were selected as the research object.A11 patients were diagnosed with cervical vascular color Doppler ultrasound and spectral CT scan under spectral cr reconstruction mode.Taking the results of coronaryf angiography as the"gold standard",the clinical value of the two examination methods in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions was compared and analyzed.Results:Coronary angiography diagnosis confirmed that 33 of 70 patients with suspected carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions had vulnerable plaques and 37 had stable plaques.The accuracy of Spectral CT examination of carotid artery plaque was 87.14%(61/70),sensitivity was 90.91%(30/33),specificity was 83.78%(31/37),and the positive predictive value was 83.33%(30/36),the negative predictive value is 91.76%(31/34),which is higher than that of cervical vascular ultrasonography(61.43%,60.61%,56.76%,57.89%,65.63%),the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of Spectral CT in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of carotid atherosclerotic plaque lesions with higher accuracy,sensitivity and specificity,is more significant and can provide a more reliable and effective imaging basis.

The raphe nuclei are the early lesion site of gastric α-synuclein propagation to the substantia nigra

Parkinson's disease(PD)is a neurodegeneration disease withα-synuclein accumulated in the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc)and most of the dopaminergic neurons are lost in SNpc while patients are diagnosed with PD.Exploring the pathology at an early stage contributes to the development of the disease-modifying strategy.Although the“gut–brain”hypothesis is proposed to explain the underlying mechanism,where the earlier lesioned site in the brain of gastricα-synuclein and howα-synuclein further spreads are not fully understood.Here we report that caudal raphe nuclei(CRN)are the early lesion site of gastricα-synuclein propagating through the spinal cord,while locus coeruleus(LC)and substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc)were further affected over a time frame of 7 months.Pathologicalα-synuclein propagation via CRN leads to neuron loss and disordered neuron activity,accompanied by abnormal motor and non-motor behavior.Potential neuron circuits are observed among CRN,LC,and SNpc,which contribute to the venerability of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc.These results show that CRN is the key region for the gastricα-synuclein spread to the midbrain.Our study provides valuable details for the“gut–brain”hypothesis and proposes a valuable PD model for future research on early PD intervention.

A Van der Waals plug-and-probe approach

The“More than Moore”strategic approach would break fundamental materials challenges and extend the miniaturization of silicon-based electronics for particular application realms such as“Internet of Things”and artificial intelligence.1-4 Two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors5–7 and lead halide perovskites(LHPs)8,9 have significant potential and are serious contenders for a new generation of electronic materials due to their inherent merits.

Ternary ZnO/Co_(3)O_(4)/NiO inherited layered core-shell structure from a double template for high performanced supercapacitor

Relying on seed method,a double template ZIF-8@ZIF-67 with a layered core-shell structure was made,which is used as a sacrificial template in the next steps.After going through loading process with solvent thermal method and calcination process,ZIF-8@ZIF-67 was etched and calcined into ternary ZnO/Co_(3)O_(4)/NiO successfully.Besides,benefiting from right amount of the addition of inorganic salts,the optimized ZnO/Co_(3)O_(4)/NiO-2(ZCN-2)shows the outstanding performance in its morphologic structure and electrochemical performance.In the case of a current density of 1 Ag^(-1),the high specific capacitance of 1119.11 Cg^(-1) can be calculated in ZCN-2.In addition,at 10 Ag^(-1),the capacitance value can maintain 93.75%after experiencing 5000 cycles of charging and discharging.The maximum energy density of the assembled ZCN-2//activated carbon(AC)asymmetric supercapacitor can reach 95.82 Wh kg^(-1),which is really outstanding in the present research achievements.After experiencing charge-discharge cycles with the number of 10,000 times in the case of a current density of 10 Ag^(-1),the cycling stability of this supercapacitor can reach 94.53%of the initial value.And after a charge,the device connected by two supercapacitors can make a light emitting diode(LED)shine up to 30 min successfully.