Alginate oligosaccharide-mediated butyrate-HIF-1α axis improves skin aging in mice

The“gut-skin”axis has been proved and is considered as a novel therapy for the prevention of skin aging.The antioxidant efficacy of oligomannonic acid(MAOS)makes it an intriguing target for use to improve skin aging.The present study further explored whereby MAOS-mediated gut-skin axis balance prevented skin aging in mice.The data indicated the skin aging phenotypes,oxidative stress,skin mitochondrial dysfunction,and intestinal dysbiosis(especially the butyrate and HIF-1a levels decreased)in aging mice.Similarly,fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)from aging mice rebuild the aging-like phenotypes.Further,we demonstrated MAOS-mediated colonic butyrate-HIF-1a axis homeostasis promoted the entry of butyrate into the skin,upregulated mitophagy level and ultimately improving skin aging via HDAC3/PHD/HIF-1a/mitophagy loop in skin of mice.Overall,our study offered a better insights of the effectiveness of alginate oligosaccharides(AOS),promised to become a personalized targeted therapeutic agents,on gut-skin axis disorder inducing skin aging.

Autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis overlap syndrome complicated by various autoimmune diseases:A case report

BACKGROUND Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)and primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)are two common clinical autoimmune liver diseases,and some patients have both diseases;this feature is called AIH-PBC overlap syndrome.Autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD)is the most frequently overlapping extrahepatic autoimmune disease.Immunoglobulin(IgG)4-related disease is an autoimmune disease recognized in recent years,characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in tissues.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old female patient was admitted with a history of right upper quadrant pain,anorexia,and jaundice on physical examination.Laboratory examination revealed elevated liver enzymes,multiple positive autoantibodies associated with liver and thyroid disease,and imaging and biopsy suggestive of pancreatitis,hepatitis,and PBC.A diagnosis was made of a rare and complex overlap syndrome of AIH,PBC,AITD,and IgG4-related disease.Laboratory features improved on treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid,methylprednisolone,and azathioprine.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of screening patients with autoimmune diseases for related conditions.

Impact of continuous care on cardiac function in patients with lung cancer complicated by coronary heart disease

BACKGROUND Despite sharing similar pathogenic factors,cancer and coronary heart disease(CHD)occur in comparable populations at similar ages and possess similar susceptibility factors.Consequently,it is increasingly commonplace for patients to experience the simultaneous occurrence of cancer and CHD,a trend that is steadily rising.AIM To determine the impacts of continuing care on lung cancer patients with CHD following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS There were 94 lung cancer patients with CHD following PCI who were randomly assigned to the intervention group(n=38)and the control group(n=41).In the intervention group,continuing care was provided,while in the control group,routine care was provided.An evaluation of cardiac and pulmonary function,medication compliance,a 6-min walk test,and patient quality of life was performed.RESULTS Differences between the two groups were significant in left ventricular ejection fraction,6-min walk test,oxygen uptake,quality of life and medication compliance(P<0.05).In comparison with the control group,the enhancement in the intervention group was more significant.The intervention group had more patients with high medication compliance than the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION After undergoing PCI,lung patients with CHD could benefit from continued care in terms of cardiac and pulmonary function,medications compliance,and quality of life.

Mechanism of action of Balanophora involucrata polyphenolic compounds in the treatment of myocardial injury based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques

The objective of this work was to investigate the mechanism of action of Balanophora involucrata polyphenolic compounds in the treatment of myocardial injury.In the present study,Balanophora involucrata was extracted by refluxing 75%of ethanol.The obtained extract was extracted with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol respectively.And the ethyl acetate layer was separated.The extract was prepared by silica gel column chromatography,sephadex LH-20 elution and thin layer chromatography.After that,the Swiss target prediction database was utilized to obtain the targets of Balanophora involucrata,and the Genecards,OMIM and TTD databases were used to predict and screen the targets of Balanophora involucrata for the treatment of myocardial injury.The active ingredient-target network was constructed using Cytoscape software,and the PPI network was mapped using String database and Cytoscape software.GO bioprocess enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Metascape software to predict the mechanism of action.Molecular docking was performed in Discovery Studio 2016 client software to verify the binding of Balanophora involucrata polyphenols to key targets.In this study,six polyphenolic compounds were isolated from Balanophora involucrata.By GO enrichment analysis,1614 biological processes(BP),127 cellular compositions(CC),and 215 molecular functions(MF)were obtained;a total of 155 cross-targets were involved in the KEGG enrichment analysis.The PPI network showed that quercetin was the main active component of polyphenolic compounds against myocardial injury and that AKT1,EGFR,STAT3,SRC,ESR1,MMP9,HSP90AA1 and other related signals were associated with myocardial injury treatment.Finally,the multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway action of Balanophora involucrata was concluded,which provided new ideas and methods for further research on the mechanism of action of Balanophora involucrata in myocardial injury.

Promoter and coding sequence diversity of CsCCD1 may contribute to the differential accumulation of floralβ-ionone in fresh tea leaves

The carotenoid-derived volatileβ-ionone makes an important contribution to tea fragrance.Here,we qualitatively and quantitatively analysed 15 carotenoids in tea leaves of 13 cultivars by UHPLC-APCI-MS/MS.The 13 cultivars were divided into two groups by PCA(Principal Component Analysis)clustering analysis of their carotenoid content,and OPLS-DA(Orthogonal projections to latent structures)indicated that the levels ofβ-carotene(VIP=2.89)and lutein(VIP=2.30)were responsible for much of the variation between the two groups.Interestingly,theβ-carotene toβ-ionone conversion rates in Group 1 were higher than in Group 2,while theβ-carotene content was significantly lower in Group 1 than in Group 2.Theβ-ionone content was significantly higher in Group 1.Pearson Correlation Coefficient calculation between the transcription level of candidate genes(CsCCD1 and CsCCD4)and the accumulation ofβ-ionone indicated that CsCCD1 may involve in the formation ofβ-ionone in 13 cultivars.Prokaryotic expression and in vitro enzyme activity assays showed that‘Chuanhuang 1’had an amino acid mutation in carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases 1(CsCCD1)compared with‘Shuchazao’,resulting in a significantly higherβ-ionone content in‘Chuanhuang 1’.Sequence analysis showed that‘Chuanhuang 1’and‘Huangdan’had different CsCCD1 promoter sequences,leading to significantly higher CsCCD1 expression andβ-ionone accumulation in‘Chuanhuang 1’.These results indicated that the promoter and coding sequence diversity of CsCCD1 might contribute to the differential accumulation ofβ-ionone in different tea cultivars.

内科胸腔镜窄带成像技术联合冷冻活检对不明原因胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的探讨内科胸腔镜窄带成像技术(NBI)联合胸膜冷冻活检对不明原因胸腔积液的诊断价值。方法选择113例不明原因胸腔积液患者,应用内科胸腔镜对胸膜病变进行检查,检查过程中,先通过内科胸腔镜白光观察胸膜表面情况,再切换至NBI模式对胸膜表面进行观察,分析不同病变在内科胸腔镜白光及NBI下的形态表现,并在白光及NBI下分别对胸膜表面怀疑病变的部位进行常规钳夹活检及冷冻活检,对比两组患者活检标本诊断准确率、敏感度、特异度及取材直径的情况,同时分析不同活检方式的安全性及并发症情况。结果NBI联合冷冻活检组的胸膜疾病诊断敏感度、特异度及准确率均高于白光联合冷冻活检组,两组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P=0.047、P=0.024和P=0.015);NBI联合钳夹活检组的胸膜疾病诊断敏感度和准确率高于白光联合钳夹活检组,两组敏感度比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.033),两组准确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.079)。NBI联合钳夹活检组特异度明显低于白光联合钳夹活检组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.041)。通过NBI对胸膜表面血管情况进行分析,病变血管≥2根的冷冻活检灵敏度、特异度及准确率分别为97.56%、83.33%和95.74%,高于病变血管<2根的冷冻活检;对冷冻活检及钳夹活检组织直径进行对比,结果显示,两组直径分别为(27.16±4.33)和(1.87±0.10)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.84,P=0.000);使用冷冻活检,无严重的不良反应发生。结论内科胸腔镜NBI联合胸膜冷冻活检,能够提高不明原因胸腔积液的敏感度、特异度及诊断率,且安全性高,值得临床推广应用。

类器官在肿瘤中的研究现状及应用前景

类器官是由正常组织或肿瘤的特异性干细胞,在体外三维培养条件下,形成的三维体外细胞结构,具有自我组织形成类似于原始组织的"微型器官"的能力,能够较好地概括来源组织的特征和细胞异质性。类器官作为肿瘤研究的临床前模型,可用于药物筛选,预测患者对治疗的反应,为患者选择最合适的治疗方案。此外,还可对其进行基因修饰,用于肿瘤的发生发展和转移机制的研究。类器官这一新颖的构建技术,能够为个性化医疗提供指导,具有广泛的应用前景。本文就类器官在肿瘤发生发展的机制研究、药物筛选和临床治疗中的作用以及其在肿瘤微环境中的应用进行综述。

经鼻内镜颅底肿瘤切除术后颅内感染临床特征及危险因素分析

目的:分析经鼻内镜颅底肿瘤切除术后颅内感染的危险因素,为预防感染提供依据。方法:选取2011年1月至2016年12月于中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院行经鼻内镜颅底肿瘤切除术(endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery,EESBS)患者共150例,收集患者一般信息、基础疾病信息、手术信息、术后信息、抗菌药物使用信息等,进行单因素及多因素Logistic分析。结果:150例手术患者中27例发生颅内感染,感染率为18.0%;脑脊液培养结果阳性8例,阳性率为29.6%。27例颅内感染患者中18例(66.7%)发生脑脊液漏,脑脊液漏发生平均9.28天。23例患者(85.2%)术中脑室外引流或腰大池引流,22例患者(81.5%)颅底重建。经Logistic回归分析,未在术前0.5~1.0 h使用抗菌药物、术中脑室外引流或腰大池引流、术中颅底重建、BMI≥25 kg/m^2为颅内感染的独立危险因素。结论:本研究筛选EESBS患者术后发生颅内感染的独立危险因素,为实现颅内感染精准防控提供依据。

硬质支气管镜联合可弯曲支气管镜治疗12例气道良性肿瘤的临床分析

目的探讨硬质支气管镜联合可弯曲支气管镜治疗气道良性肿瘤的效果、安全性和可行性。方法回顾性分析2018年12月-2019年10月咸阳市中心医院呼吸与危重症医学科通过硬质支气管镜介入联合可弯曲支气管镜治疗的气道良性肿瘤12例。观察治疗前后患者临床表现、气道内径、气促指数、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)的变化情况,并对不同类型气道良性肿瘤影像学、镜下表现进行分析。结果采用硬质支气管镜介入联合可弯曲支气管镜治疗后,12例患者临床表现均得到明显改善,治疗前后气道内径和FEV1变化情况比较,差异均有统计学意义,且气促指数明显改善,治疗过程中1例患者出血较多,约30 mL,使用球囊压迫止血后好转,无1例患者死亡。结论应用硬质支气管镜介入联合可弯曲支气管镜治疗气道良性肿瘤,可以快速清除瘤体组织,缓解气道狭窄,改善患者临床症状,是一种高效、安全的方法,具有良好的临床应用前景。

UGT74AF3 enzymes specifically catalyze the glucosylation of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one,an important volatile compound in Camellia sinensis

4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one(HDMF)is an important odorant in some fruits,and is proposed to play a crucial role in the caramel-like notes of some teas.However,its biosynthesis and metabolism in tea plants are still unknown.Here,HDMF glucoside was unambiguously identified as a native metabolite in tea plants.A novel glucosyltransferase UGT74AF3a and its allelic protein UGT74AF3b specifically catalyzed the glucosylation of HDMF and the commercially important structural homologues 2(or 5)-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5(or 2)-methylfuran-3(2H)-one(EHMF)and 4-hydroxy-5-methylfuran-3(2H)-one(HMF)to their correspondingβ-D-glucosides.Site-directed mutagenesis of UGT74AF3b to introduce a single A456V mutation resulted in improved HDMF and EHMF glucosylation activity and affected the sugar donor preference compared with that of the wild-type control enzyme.The accumulation of HDMF glucoside was consistent with the transcript levels of UGT74AF3 in different tea cultivars.In addition,transient UGT74AF3a overexpression in tobacco significantly increased the HDMF glucoside contents,and downregulation of UGT74AF3 transcripts in tea leaves significantly reduced the concentration of HDMF glucoside compared with the levels in the controls.The identification of HDMF glucoside in the tea plant and the discovery of a novel-specific UDP-glucose:HDMF glucosyltransferase in tea plants provide the foundation for improvement of tea flavor and the biotechnological production of HDMF glucoside.

支气管镜下氩等离子体联合冷冻治疗支气管内型肺错构瘤临床分析

目的探讨支气管镜下氩等离子体联合冷冻治疗以支气管内型为主的肺错构瘤的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2008年4月-2016年10月咸阳市中心医院经病理确诊的支气管内型错构瘤6例患者使用荧光支气管镜进行氩等离子体联合冷冻治疗的结果和临床资料,并通过支气管镜复查和胸部CT评估治疗效果。结果 6例患者中男性5例,女性1例,经支气管镜下氩等离子体联合冷冻治疗后管腔内肿块明显消失,管腔通常,患者气促评分及第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)均明显改善,所有患者无咯血、气胸等并发症。结论使用支气管镜氩等离子体联合冷冻治疗支气管内型肺错构瘤安全、有效,适合临床应用。

A multiple-tissue-specific magnetic resonance imaging model for diagnosing Parkinson’s disease: a brain radiomics study

Brain radiomics can reflect the characteristics of brain pathophysiology.However,the value of T1-weighted images,quantitative susceptibility mapping,and R2*mapping in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease(PD)was underestimated in previous studies.In this prospective study to establish a model for PD diagnosis based on brain imaging information,we collected high-resolution T1-weighted images,R2*mapping,and quantitative susceptibility imaging data from 171 patients with PD and 179 healthy controls recruited from August 2014 to August 2019.According to the inclusion time,123 PD patients and 121 healthy controls were assigned to train the diagnostic model,while the remaining 106 subjects were assigned to the external validation dataset.We extracted 1408 radiomics features,and then used data-driven feature selection to identify informative features that were significant for discriminating patients with PD from normal controls on the training dataset.The informative features so identified were then used to construct a diagnostic model for PD.The constructed model contained 36 informative radiomics features,mainly representing abnormal subcortical iron distribution(especially in the substantia nigra),structural disorganization(e.g.,in the inferior temporal,paracentral,precuneus,insula,and precentral gyri),and texture misalignment in the subcortical nuclei(e.g.,caudate,globus pallidus,and thalamus).The predictive accuracy of the established model was 81.1±8.0%in the training dataset.On the external validation dataset,the established model showed predictive accuracy of 78.5±2.1%.In the tests of identifying early and drug-naïve PD patients from healthy controls,the accuracies of the model constructed on the same 36 informative features were 80.3±7.1%and 79.1±6.5%,respectively,while the accuracies were 80.4±6.3%and 82.9±5.8%for diagnosing middle-to-late PD and those receiving drug management,respectively.The accuracies for predicting tremor-dominant and non-tremor-dominant PD were 79.8±6.9%and 79.1±6.5%,respectively.In conclusion,the multiple-tissue-specific brain radiomics model constructed from magnetic resonance imaging has the ability to discriminate PD and exhibits the advantages for improving PD diagnosis.

Effects of HLEC on the secreted proteins of epithelial ovarian cancer cells prone to metastasize to lymph nodes

Objective： To study explores the effect of HLEC on the secreted proteins of epithelial ovarian cancer （EOC） cells （SKOV3-PM4） with directional highly lymphatic metastasis. Methods： Supernatants of four groups of cultured cells, namely, SKOV3 （A）, SKOV3＋HLEC （B）, SKOV3-PM4 （C）, SKOV3-PM4＋HLEC （D）, were collected, and their proteins were detected by antibody arrays and iTRAOcZD-LC-MALDI- TOF/TOF/MS. Significantly differential proteins were further analyzed via bioinformatics and validated in human serums and cell media via ELISA. Results： Results of antibody arrays and mass spectrometry demonstrated that GRN and VEGFA were upregulated in group C （compared with group A）, whereas IGFBP7 and SPARC were downregulated in group D （compared with group C）. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis results showed that IGFBP7 and VEGFA were closely linked to each other. Further validation with serums showed statistical significance in VEGFA and IGFBP7 levels among groups of patients with ovarian cancers, benign tumors, and control groups. Two proteins were upegulated in the first group. VEGFA in the control group was downregulated. For IGFBP, upregulation in the control group and down-regulation in the first group were also observed. Conclusion： The HLEC microenvironment is closely associated with directional metastasis to lymph nodes and with differential proteins including cell stromal proteins and adhesion factors. The upregulation of VEGFA and GRN and the downregulation of SPARC and IGFBP7 are closely associated with directional metastasis to lymph nodes in EOC cells.

Amplification of early drought responses caused by volatile cues emitted from neighboring tea plants

Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to survive in dynamic environments.Plants can communicate via volatile organic compounds(VOCs)to warn neighboring plants of threats.In most cases,VOCs act as positive regulators of plant defense.However,the communication and role of volatiles in response to drought stress are poorly understood.Here,we showed that tea plants release numerous VOCs.Among them,methyl salicylate(MeSA),benzyl alcohol,and phenethyl alcohol markedly increased under drought stress.Interestingly,further experiments revealed that drought-induced MeSA lowered the abscisic acid(ABA)content in neighboring plants by reducing 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase(NCED)gene expression,resulting in inhibition of stomatal closure and ultimately decreasing early drought tolerance in neighboring plants.Exogenous application of ABA reduced the wilting of tea plants caused by MeSA exposure.Exposure of Nicotiana benthamiana to MeSA also led to severe wilting,indicating that the ability of drought-induced MeSA to reduce early drought tolerance in neighboring plants may be conserved in other plant species.Taken together,these results provide evidence that drought-induced volatiles can reduce early drought tolerance in neighboring plants and lay a novel theoretical foundation for optimizing plant density and spacing.

含油污泥微生物降解技术研究与应用

在原油开采和集输过程中，会产生大量的含油污泥，除占据库存、影响清罐周期外，还会对生产和生态环境产生危害，同时含油污泥又是一种宝贵的二次资源，对其进行无害化处理和资源化利用具有重要意义。通过检测含油污泥微生物，分析得出土壤中微生物含量极低，土壤极度贫瘠。采集土样培育出43株石油降解菌和17株多环芳烃降解菌。通过降解率和16SrDNA鉴定试验，筛选出4株能产生表面活性剂的菌种。利用筛选出的微生物菌种，对现场500t含油污泥进行了处理。含油率大于10％的含油污泥采用机械清洗＋微生物降解，含油率小于10％的含油污泥直接采用微生物降解。通过微生物降解处理后，含油污泥里的含油率明显下降。在油田环境治理方面具有良好的应用前景和工业化生产潜力。

Correction: Amplification of early drought responses caused by volatile cues emitted from neighboring tea plants

After the publication of this article 1,the authors became aware that the word of“tea”was not mentioned in the title.To make the title clear and complete,the word‘tea’is added to the title.

Herniation of the Retina in the Central Macula in an Adult after Iridocyclitis

Purpose:To report an unusual case of retinal hernia in the central macula in an adult after iridocyclitis.Case report:.We report a case of a 46-year-old male who presented with blurred vision 2 weeks after complete resolution of acute iridocyclitis. Anterior segment and vitreous body examinations were unremarkable. Yellowish spots in the macular area were observed. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) imaging of the macula showed loss of the inner segment / outer segment(IS / OS) photoreceptor junction,.with irregularity of the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE),.and a V-shaped hernia of the retina into the choroid.The macular lesions emerged as mild window defects on fluorescein angiography and were visualized as hypofluorescent patches on all-phase indocyanine green angiography. At a one month follow-up, the best-corrected visual acuity improved to20 / 20,.which was followed by partial restoration of the IS / OS line,.but a V-shaped hernia of the retina remained unchanged on SD-OCT.Conclusion:.Ophthalmologists should be alert to the changes in OCT of the macula in patients after iridocyclitis and further research on the cause and possible predisposing factors for retinal herniation is warranted.

Detection of the quantum states containing at most k−1 unentangled particles

There are many different classifications of entanglement for multipartite quantum systems,one of which is based on the number of the unentangled particles.In this paper,we mainly study the quantum states containing at most k−1 unentangled particles and provide several entanglement criteria based on the different forms of inequalities,which can both identify quantum states containing at most k−1 unentangled particles.We show that these criteria are more effective for some states by concrete examples.

Construction of Lactuca sativa Plastid Transformation Vector and High-level Expression of gfp Gene in Escherichia coli

Using genomic DNA of bolting-tolerant lettuce as a template,flanking fragments of lettuce plastid rpo A gene were amplified and cloned by PCR. Targeting the sites of these two fragments,homologous recombinant fragments of exogenous gene were integrated to construct lettuce plastid expression vector p Brpo AGFP,which harbored the expression cassette Prrn-gfp-aad A-Tpsb A. The results showed that the amplified flanking fragments were 1.2 and 1.1 kb in size. After sequencing,restriction digestion,ligation and transformation,lettuce plastid expression vector containing expression cassette Prrn-gfp-aad A-Tpsb A was constructed and confirmed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The results of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis indicated that gfp gene was efficiently expressed under the regulation of plasmid specific promoter Prrn and terminator Tpsb A. GFP accounted for 45. 6% of total soluble proteins; inclusion bodies accounted for 47.5 % of bacterial proteins,which reached relatively high expression levels. The construction of lettuce plastid expression vector p Brpo A-GFP laid a solid foundation for establishment of subsequent lettuce plastid transformation system and genetic improvement of lettuce using various functional genes.

一种新型钡锶阻垢剂的研究及性能评价

姬塬油田随着开发过程的进行,集输及注水系统结垢问题突出,严重影响正常生产。通过对油层水型分析、配伍试验以及结垢产物等方面的分析研究,明确了油层主要垢型及结垢机理,合成出了新型钡锶阻垢剂。评价结果表明该阻垢剂能破坏垢体晶型,同时还有电荷分散和螯合增溶作用。